Ukubuka konke: I-Emphysema engaphansi, i-Bullous Emphysema, ne-Paraseptal Emphysema

-Delile

• Kuyini i-emphysema engaphansi?
• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Yini ebangela i-emphysema engaphansi kwesikhumba futhi ngubani osengozini?
• Ngabe kutholakala futhi kwelashwe kanjani i-emphysema engaphansi kwesikhumba?
• Kuyini i-bullous emphysema?
• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Yini ebangela i-emphysema eyi-bullous futhi ngubani osengozini?
• Ihlolwe futhi yelashwe kanjani i-emphysema eyisiqhwaga?
• Yini i-paraseptal emphysema?
• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Yini ebangela i-paraseptal emphysema futhi ngubani osengozini?
• Ihlonza futhi yelashwe kanjani i-emphysema ye-paraseptal?
• Uyini umbono ojwayelekile wabantu abane-emphysema?
• Ungayivimbela kanjani i-emphysema

Kuyini i- emphysema?

I-Emphysema yisimo samaphaphu esiqhubekayo. Kubonakala ngokulimala kwezikhwama zomoya emaphashini akho kanye nokubhujiswa okuhamba kancane kwezicubu zamaphaphu. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, ungakuthola kunzima kakhulu ukuphefumula nokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Kunezinhlayiyana eziningana ze-emphysema, kufaka phakathi i-emphysema engaphansi, i-bullous emphysema, ne-paraseptal emphysema.

I-emphysema engaphansi kwesikhumba ingenzeka lapho igesi noma umoya ubhajwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Kungabonakala njengenkinga ye-COPD noma ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka ngokomzimba emaphashini.

I-emphysema enobudlova ingakhula lapho i-bulla, noma iphakethe lomoya, lithatha isikhala esifubeni sakho futhi liphazamisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwamaphaphu. Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukunyamalala kwesifo samaphaphu.

I-emphysema ye-paraseptal ingenzeka lapho izindiza zakho zomoya nezikhwama zomoya zivutha noma zonakaliswe. Kwesinye isikhathi, ingakhula njengenkinga ye-bullous emphysema.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde kabanzi nge-emphysema engaphansi kwesikhumba nokuthi ihlangana kanjani nokulwa ne-emphysema eyisiqhwaga.

Kuyini i-emphysema engaphansi?

I-emphysema engaphansi kohlobo lwesifo samaphaphu lapho umoya noma igesi ingena ngaphansi kwezicubu zesikhumba sakho. Yize lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka ezicutshini zodonga lwasentanyeni noma esifubeni, singakhula kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Ukuqhuma okubushelelezi kuzovela esikhunjeni.

I-emphysema engaphansi kwesimo esingavamile esingavela. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinto eziningi zifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo, kufaka phakathi ukuwa kwamaphaphu nokuhlukumezeka okuncane.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Izimpawu eziningi ze-emphysema engaphansi kwesikhumba ziyehluka kwezinye izinhlobo eziningi ze-emphysema.

Izimpawu ze-emphysema engaphansi zifaka:

• Umphimbo obuhlungu
• ubuhlungu bentamo
• ukuvuvukala kwesifuba nentamo
• ukuphefumula kanzima
• ubunzima bokugwinya
• kunzima ukukhuluma
• isifuba

Yini ebangela i-emphysema engaphansi kwesikhumba futhi ngubani osengozini?

Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ze-emphysema, i-emphysema engaphansi kwesikhumba ngokuvamile ayibangelwa ukubhema.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zifaka:

• izinqubo ezithile zezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi ukuhlinzwa kwe-thoracic, i-endoscopy, ne-bronchoscopy
• kwawa amaphaphu kuhambisana nokwephuka kwezimbambo
• ukuphuka kwethambo lobuso
• ukuqhuma kwesisu noma ishubhu le-bronchial

Ungaba futhi engozini ye-emphysema engaphansi uma une:

• ukulimala okuthile, njengokuhlukumezeka okungaqondakali, ukugwaza, noma ukulimala kwesibhamu
• izimo ezithile zezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi ukukhwehlela noma ukuhlanza okunamandla
• ukukhipha i-cocaine noma ukuphefumula uthuli lwe-cocaine
• umonakalo wakho wonakaliswe ama-corrosives noma ukushiswa kwamakhemikhali

Ngabe kutholakala futhi kwelashwe kanjani i-emphysema engaphansi kwesikhumba?

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ze-emphysema engaphansi, iya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo.

Ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwakho, udokotela wakho uzokwenza isivivinyo somzimba esijwayelekile futhi ahlole izimpawu zakho. Ngaphambi kokwenza ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, udokotela wakho uzokuthinta isikhumba sakho ukuze abone ukuthi sikhiqiza yini umsindo ongajwayelekile. Lo msindo ungaba ngumphumela wamabhamuza egesi acindezelwa izicubu.

Udokotela wakho angaphinde alayishe ama-X-ray esifubeni sakho nasesiswini sakho ukuze afune amagwebu omoya futhi ahlole nokusebenza kwamaphaphu.

Ukwelashwa kuzoya ngokuthi yini ngempela ebangele lesi sifo. Bangakunika ithangi lomoya-mpilo elengeziwe ukusiza ukunciphisa ukuphefumula okuncane.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu kungadingeka.

Kuyini i-bullous emphysema?

I-emphysema e-bullous yenzeka lapho ama-bullae amakhulu ekhula emaphashini. Ama-bullae anezimbotshana ezinjenge-bubble ezigcwele uketshezi noma umoya.

Ama-bullae ngokuvamile akhula ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zamaphaphu. Imvamisa zithatha okungenani ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yohlangothi olulodwa lwesifuba. Umsebenzi wamaphaphu ungakhubazeka uma i-bullae ivutha futhi iqhume.

Odokotela babize i-bullous emphysema ngokuthi “ukunyamalala kwamaphaphu” ngoba amasaka amakhulu omoya abangela amaphaphu abukeke sengathi ayanyamalala.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Izimpawu ze-bullous emphysema ziyefana nezinye izinhlobo ze-emphysema.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ubuhlungu besifuba
• ukuphefumula kanzima
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• isifuba
• ukukhwehlela okungapheli ngokukhiqizwa kwephlegm
• isicanucanu, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, nokukhathala
• izipikili ziyashintsha

I-Bullous emphysema nayo ingaholela ezinkingeni ezithile, njenge:

• ukutheleleka
• wawa amaphaphu
• umdlavuza wamaphaphu

Yini ebangela i-emphysema eyi-bullous futhi ngubani osengozini?

Ukubhema ugwayi kuyimbangela eyinhloko ye-bullous emphysema. Isiphakamiso sokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwensangu ngokweqile nakho kungaba imbangela ye-bullous emphysema.

Ungaba sengozini enkulu ye-bullous emphysema uma unezinkinga ezilandelayo zofuzo:

• i-alpha-1-antitrypsin yokushoda
• Isifo seMarfan
• Isifo se-Ehlers-Danlos

Ihlolwe futhi yelashwe kanjani i-emphysema eyisiqhwaga?

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ze-bullous emphysema, thintana nodokotela wakho.

Ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwakho, udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba futhi ahlole izimpawu zakho.

Ukuze wenze ukuxilongwa, udokotela wakho uzohlola amandla akho wamaphaphu nge-spirometer. Bazophinde basebenzise i-oximeter ukukala amazinga e-oxygen egazini lakho.

Udokotela wakho futhi angancoma ama-X-ray esifubeni kanye nezikena ukuthola ukuthi kukhona izikhwama zomoya ezilimele noma ezikhulisiwe.

Njengakwezinye izinhlobo ze-emphysema, i-bullous emphysema iphathwa ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-inhalers. Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni noma yikuphi ukuphefumula noma ukuphefumula kanzima. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angancoma ukwelashwa okwengeziwe komoya-mpilo.

I-steroid inhaler nayo ingabekwa. Lokhu kungasiza izimpawu zakho. Udokotela wakho futhi angakunikeza ama-antibiotics ukulawula noma yikuphi ukuvuvukala nokutheleleka.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu kungadingeka.

Yini i-paraseptal emphysema?

I-paraseptal emphysema ibonakala ngokuvuvukala nokulimala kwezicubu ku-alveoli. I-Alveoli yizikhwama zomoya ezincane ezivumela i-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide ukuthi igeleze ezindleleni zakho zomoya.

Leli fomu le-emphysema livame ukwenzeka engxenyeni engemuva yamaphaphu. Kungenzeka i-paraseptal emphysema iqhubekele phambili ibe yi-bullous emphysema.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Izimpawu ze-paraseptal emphysema zifaka:

• ukukhathala
• ukukhwehlela
• isifuba
• ukuphelelwa umoya

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-paraseptal emphysema ingaholela ekuweni kwamaphaphu.

Yini ebangela i-paraseptal emphysema futhi ngubani osengozini?

Njengakwezinye izinhlobo ze-emphysema, i-paraseptal emphysema ivame ukubangelwa ukubhema ugwayi.

Lesi simo siphinde sixhunyaniswe kakhulu ne-pulmonary fibrosis nezinye izinhlobo zokungajwayelekile kwamaphaphu. Lokhu okungahambi kahle kuchazwa yisibazi esiqhubekayo sezicubu zamaphaphu eziphakathi nendawo futhi eziqinisa izikhwama zomoya.

Ungaba sengozini enkulu ye-bullous emphysema uma unezinkinga ezilandelayo zofuzo:

• i-alpha-1-antitrypsin yokushoda
• Isifo seMarfan
• Isifo se-Ehlers-Danlos

Ihlonza futhi yelashwe kanjani i-emphysema ye-paraseptal?

Izimpawu ze-paraseptal emphysema zivame ukunganakwa kuze kube yilapho sekwephuze kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, lesi simo sivame ukutholakala ngemuva kokuthuthuka.

Ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwakho, udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi ahlole izimpawu zakho. Ukusuka lapho, udokotela wakho angalawula ukuskena kwesifuba noma i-X-ray ukuze ahlole ukusebenza kwamaphaphu akho futhi abheke okungajwayelekile okubukwayo.

I-paraseptal emphysema iphathwa njengezinye izinhlobo zesimo.

Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza i-non-steroid noma i-steroid inhaler. Ama-inhaler angama-steroid angasiza ekuthuthukiseni ikhono lakho lokuphefumula.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angancoma ukwelashwa okwengeziwe komoya-mpilo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu kungadingeka.

Uyini umbono ojwayelekile wabantu abane-emphysema?

Alikho ikhambi lanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-emphysema, kodwa luyalawuleka. Uma uthola ukuthi une-emphysema, izinguquko ezithile zendlela yokuphila, njengokuyeka ukubhema, kuzodingeka ukugcina ikhwalithi yempilo yakho. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisana nawe ukwenza uhlelo lokuphatha olunganciphisa noma lwehlise izimpawu zakho.

Isikhathi sakho sokuphila esinqunyiwe sizoncika ekutholakaleni komuntu ngamunye. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi lokhu kungasho ukuthini kuwe. Ukunamathela kuhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka kwesifo.

Ungayivimbela kanjani i-emphysema

I-Emphysema ivame ukuvikeleka. Ezimweni eziningi, izici zokuphila ezingagwemeka zinquma amathuba okuba khona.

Ukunciphisa ubungozi bakho, gwema:

• ukubhema
• usebenzisa i-cocaine
• ubuthi obusemoyeni, njengothuli lwamalahle

Uma i-emphysema isebenza emndenini wakho, cela udokotela wakho ukuthi enze izivivinyo ukuze anqume ubungozi bakho bokuthola isifo.

Endabeni ye-emphysema engaphansi, kufanele uzame ukuzivikela ekulimaleni okungagwemeka. I-emphysema e-Bullous ne-paraseptal ngokuvamile ayibangelwa ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzimba. Uma wenza izinqubo ezithile zokwelashwa, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngengozi yakho yokuthola isimo esingajwayelekile.