Ukushaqeka

Ukushaqeka yisimo esisongela impilo esenzeka lapho umzimba ungakutholi ukugeleza kwegazi okwanele. Ukuntuleka kokugeleza kwegazi kusho ukuthi amaseli nezitho azitholi i-oxygen nezakhi ezanele ukuze zisebenze kahle. Izitho eziningi zingalimala ngenxa yalokho. Ukushaqeka kudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha futhi kungakhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Abantu abaningi kwabangu-5 abahlaselwa ukushaqeka bazofa ngakho.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokwethuka zifaka:

• Ukushaqeka kwe-Cardiogenic (ngenxa yezinkinga zenhliziyo)
• Ukushaqeka kwe-Hypovolemic (kubangelwa ivolumu yegazi encane kakhulu)
• Ukushaqeka kwe-Anaphylactic (kubangelwa ukusabela okweqile)
• Ukushaqeka kwe-Septic (ngenxa yezifo)
• Ukushaqeka kwe-neurogenic (okubangelwa ukulimala kwesistimu yezinzwa)

Ukushaqeka kungadalwa yinoma isiphi isimo esinciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi, kufaka phakathi:

• Izinkinga zenhliziyo (njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo)
• Umthamo wegazi ophansi (njengokuphuma kakhulu kwegazi noma ukoma emzimbeni)
• Izinguquko emithanjeni yegazi (njengokutheleleka noma ukusabela okweqile komzimba)
• Imithi ethile eyehlisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwenhliziyo noma umfutho wegazi

Ukushaqeka kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokopha okusindayo kwangaphandle noma kwangaphakathi ekulimaleni okungathi sína. Ukulimala komgogodla nakho kungadala ukushaqeka.

I-toxic shock syndrome iyisibonelo sohlobo lokushaqeka okutheleleka.

Umuntu oshaqekile unengcindezi yegazi ephansi ngokweqile. Ngokuya ngesizathu esithile nohlobo lokushaqeka, izimpawu zizofaka okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kokulandelayo:

• Ukukhathazeka noma ukuphazamiseka / ukungahlaliseki
• Izindebe nezinzipho eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukudideka
• Isiyezi, ikhanda elikhanyayo, noma ukuquleka
• Isikhumba esiphaphathekile, esipholile, esiminyene
• Ukukhishwa komchamo ophansi noma ongenawo
• Ukujuluka okukhulu, isikhumba esimanzi
• I-pulse esheshayo kodwa ebuthakathaka
• Ukuphefumula okungatheni
• Ukungazi lutho (ukungaphenduli)

Thatha lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo uma ucabanga ukuthi umuntu uthukile:

• Shayela ku-911 noma inombolo ephuthumayo yendawo ukuze uthole usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Bheka indlela yomoya yomuntu, ukuphefumula, nokusakazwa kwakhe. Uma kunesidingo, qala ukutakula ukuphefumula kanye ne-CPR.
• Noma umuntu ekwazi ukuziphefumulela, qhubeka uhlole izinga lokuphefumula okungenani njalo emizuzwini emihlanu kuze kufike usizo.
• Uma umuntu ephaphama futhi ENGAKHONA ukulimala ekhanda, emlenzeni, entanyeni noma emgogodleni, beka lowo muntu endaweni yokushaqeka. Beka umuntu ngemuva bese uphakamisa imilenze cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-12 (30 centimeters). Ungaphakamisi ikhanda. Uma ukuphakamisa imilenze kungadala ubuhlungu noma ukulimala okungaba khona, shiya umuntu elele phansi.
• Nikeza usizo lokuqala olufanele kunoma imaphi amanxeba, ukulimala, noma ukugula.
• Gcina umuntu efudumele futhi ekhululekile. Khulula izingubo eziqinile.

UMA UMUNTU EKUJABULELA NOMA UDAKELE

• Phendulela ikhanda ohlangothini olulodwa ukuvimbela ukuminyana. Yenza lokhu inqobo nje uma ungasoli ukulimala komgogodla.
• Uma kusolwa ukulimala komgogodla, "log roll" lowo muntu esikhundleni salokho. Ukwenza lokhu, gcina ikhanda, intamo, nomuntu emuva kulayini, bese ugoqa umzimba nenhloko njengeyunithi.

Uma kwenzeka uthukile:

• UNGANIKI umuntu noma yini ngomlomo, kufaka phakathi noma yini okudliwayo noma okuphuzwayo.
• UNGAMSUSI lowo muntu ngokulimala komgogodla okwaziwayo noma okusolwayo.
• UNGALINDI ukuba izimpawu zokushaqeka zibe zimbi kakhulu ngaphambi kokucela usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha.

Shayela ku-911 noma inombolo ephuthumayo yendawo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lapho umuntu enezimpawu zokushaqeka. Hlala nalo muntu bese ulandela izinyathelo zosizo lokuqala kuze kufike usizo lwezokwelapha.

Funda izindlela zokuvimbela isifo senhliziyo, ukuwa, ukulimala, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi nezinye izimbangela zokwethuka. Uma une-allergies eyaziwayo (isibonelo, ukulunywa yizinambuzane noma ukulunywa), phatha ipeni le-epinephrine. Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokufundisa ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani futhi kanjani.

• Ukushaqeka

I-Angus DC. Sondela esigulini ngokwethuka. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 98.

IPuskarich MA, uJones AE. Ukushaqeka. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 6.