Okufanele Ukwazi Ngokuzala Nokuthi Ungazandisa Kanjani Izinkinga Zokukhulelwa

-Delile

• Incazelo yokuzala
• Izimbangela zokuzala
• Izinkinga ze-ovulation
• Ukuvinjelwa kweshubhu le-fallopian
• Ukungajwayelekile kwesibeletho
• Izinkinga ngokukhiqizwa kwesidoda noma umsebenzi
• Izinkinga ngokulethwa kwesidoda
• Izici zobungozi
• Ukuhlonza ukuzala
• Ukwelashwa kokuzala
• Ukukhuthaza izingqinamba zokukhulelwa
• Ukwelashwa
• Ukwelashwa kwabesilisa
• Ukwelashwa kwabesifazane
• Ubuchwepheshe bokuzala obusizwayo
• Ukutholwa
• Ukuzama ukukhulelwa ngokwemvelo kuqhathaniswa nokwelashwa kokuzala
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Incazelo yokuzala

Amagama athi ukuzala nokuzala avame ukusetshenziswa ngokungafani, kepha awafani. Ukuzala inzalo ukubambezeleka kokukhulelwa. Ukungabi nenzalo ukungakwazi ukukhulelwa ngokwemvelo ngemuva konyaka owodwa wokuzama.

Ekuzalweni kokuzala, ithuba lokukhulelwa ngokwemvelo likhona, kepha kuthatha isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile. Ekungatholini, amathuba okukhulelwa ngaphandle kokungenelela kwezokwelapha mancane.

Ngokuya ngocwaningo, imibhangqwana eminingi iyakwazi ukukhulelwa ngokuzenzekelayo ezinyangeni eziyi-12 zokuya ocansini njalo olungaphephile.

Izimbangela zokuzala

Izimbangela eziningi zokuzala zingafani nokuzala. Inkinga yokukhulelwa kungenzeka ngenxa yezinkinga zokungazali kwabesilisa noma kwabesifazane, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili. Kwezinye izimo, imbangela ayaziwa.

Izinkinga ze-ovulation

Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokuzala kuyinkinga nge-ovulation. Ngaphandle kwe-ovulation, iqanda alikhululwa ukuthi livundiswe.

Kunezimo eziningi ezingavimbela i-ovulation, kufaka phakathi:

• i-polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS), engavimbela i-ovulation noma ibangele i-ovulation engajwayelekile
• ukuncipha kwe-ovarian reserve (DOR), okuwukuncipha kwesibalo samaqanda sowesifazane ngenxa yokuguga noma ezinye izimbangela, njengesimo sezempilo noma ukuhlinzwa okwedlule kwe-ovari
• ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-ovarian ngaphambi kwesikhathi (i-POI), okubizwa nangokuthi ukuphela kokuya esikhathini ngaphambi kwesikhathi, lapho ama-ovari ehluleka khona ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-40 ngenxa yesimo esithile sezokwelapha noma ukwelashwa, njenge-chemotherapy
• izimo ze-hypothalamus ne-pituitary gland, eziphazamisa ikhono lokukhiqiza ama-hormone adingekayo ukugcina ukusebenza kwe-ovarian okujwayelekile

Ukuvinjelwa kweshubhu le-fallopian

Amashubhu we-fallopian avinjelwe avimbela iqanda ekuhlangabezaneni nesidoda. Kungabangelwa:

• i-endometriosis
• isifo sokuvuvukala okhalo (PID)
• izicubu ezibomvu ezivela ekuhlinzweni kwangaphambilini, njengokuhlinzwa kwe-ectopic pregnancy
• umlando we-gonorrhea noma i-chlamydia

Ukungajwayelekile kwesibeletho

Isibeletho, esibizwa nangokuthi isibeletho, kulapho ingane yakho ikhula khona. Ukungajwayelekile noma ukukhubazeka esibelethweni kungaphazamisa ikhono lakho lokukhulelwa. Lokhu kungafaka izimo zesizalo sokuzalwa, ezikhona lapho kuzalwa, noma inkinga eba ngemuva kwesikhathi.

Ezinye izimo zesibeletho zifaka:

• septate uterus, lapho ibhande lezicubu lihlukanisa isibeletho libe izingxenye ezimbili
• isibeletho se-bicornuate, lapho isibeletho sinemigodi emibili esikhundleni sowodwa, esifana nesimo senhliziyo
• isibeletho esiphindwe kabili, lapho isibeletho sinemigodi emibili emincane, ngalinye linokuvuleka kwalo
• i-fibroids, okuyizibalo ezingajwayelekile ngaphakathi noma esibelethweni

Izinkinga ngokukhiqizwa kwesidoda noma umsebenzi

Ukukhiqizwa okungavamile kwesidoda noma umsebenzi kungadala ukuzala. Lokhu kungadalwa yizimo nezici eziningi, kufaka phakathi:

• gonorrhea
• chlamydia
• I-HIV
• isifo sikashukela
• mumps
• umdlavuza nokwelashwa komdlavuza
• imithambo ekhulisiwe emasendeni, ebizwa nge-varicocele
• ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo, njenge-Klinefelter syndrome

Izinkinga ngokulethwa kwesidoda

Izinkinga ngokulethwa kwesidoda kungenza kube nzima ukukhulelwa. Lokhu kungadalwa yizinto eziningi, kufaka phakathi:

• izimo zofuzo, njenge-cystic fibrosis
• ukujula ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• ukulimala noma ukulimala kwamasende
• ukukhubazeka kwesakhiwo, njengokuvaleka esendeni

Izici zobungozi

Izici ezithile zandisa ubungozi bakho bokuzala. Izici eziningi zobungozi ziyefana nokuzala kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ukuba ngowesifazane ongaphezu kweminyaka engama-35
• ukuba ngowesilisa ongaphezu kweminyaka engama-40
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• ukubhema ugwayi noma insangu
• ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kotshwala
• ukucindezeleka ngokweqile ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo
• ukuchayeka emisebeni
• imithi ethile
• ukuvezwa ubuthi bemvelo, njenge-lead kanye ne-pesticides

Ukuhlonza ukuzala

Isazi sokuzala singasiza ukuxilonga imbangela yokuzala. Udokotela uzoqala ngokuqoqa umlando wezokwelapha nowezocansi wabo bobabili abalingani.

Udokotela uzophinde ahlole ngokomzimba, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwezitho zangasese kwabesifazane kanye nokuhlola izitho zangasese zabesilisa.

Ukuhlolwa kokuzala kuzofaka nokuhlolwa okuningi. Izivivinyo ezingahle zenzelwe abesifazane zifaka:

• i-transvaginal ultrasound ukubheka izitho zokuzala
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukukala amazinga ama-hormone ahlobene nokuvuthwa
• i-hysterosalpingography ukuhlola isimo samashubhu we-fallopian nesibeletho
• ukuvivinywa kokugcinwa kwesibeletho ukuhlola izinga nobungako bamaqanda

Ukuhlolwa kwabesilisa kungafaka:

• ukuhlaziywa kwesidoda
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola amazinga ama-hormone, kufaka phakathi i-testosterone
• ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging, njenge-testicular ultrasound
• ukuhlolwa kofuzo ukubheka ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo okungathinta ukuzala
• i-testicular biopsy ukukhomba ukungajwayelekile

Ukwelashwa kokuzala

Ukuba nenzalo kunokungazali kusho ukuthi kusenokwenzeka ukuthi ukhulelwe ngokwemvelo. Ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kokuzala kugxile kuzinguquko zendlela yokuphila nokufunda ukuthi ungawandisa kanjani amathuba akho okukhulelwa.

Imithi yokwelashwa nezinye izinketho ziyatholakala uma kudingeka.

Ukukhuthaza izingqinamba zokukhulelwa

Nazi ezinye izinguquko zokuphila namathiphu angakhuphula amathuba akho okukhulelwa ngokwemvelo:

• Gwema ukubhema, okungathinta ukuzala kowesilisa nowesifazane.
• Yeka ukuphuza utshwala.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo, njengoba ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungathinta ukuzala.
• Sebenzisa ama-kits predictor kits ukuthola isikhathi esihle phakathi nomjikelezo wakho wokuya ocansini.
• Landelela izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakho ongaphansi ukuze usize ukunquma ukuthi uvundile nini.
• Gwema ukushisa okweqile, njengama-sauna, angathinta ukukhiqizwa kwesidoda nokushukuma komzimba.
• Nciphisa i-caffeine, exhunywe nokuzala kwabesifazane.
• Khuluma nodokotela ngemithi yakho, njengoba eminye yaziwa ukuthi ithinta ukuzala.

Ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa kuzoya ngesizathu sokuzala noma ukungabi nenzalo. Ukwelashwa kuyahlukahluka phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane.

Ukwelashwa kwabesilisa

Izinketho zokwelashwa kwabesilisa zingabandakanya ukuphatha izinkinga zezempilo zocansi noma:

• ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa i-varicocele noma ukuvinjelwa
• imishanguzo yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamasende, kufaka phakathi ukubalwa kwesidoda nekhwalithi
• amasu okubuyisa isidoda ukuthola isidoda kwabesilisa abanezinkinga ngokukhipha noma lapho uketshezi olukhishwe ngaphakathi aluqukethe isidoda

Ukwelashwa kwabesifazane

Kukhona izindlela zokwelashwa ezimbalwa ezihlukene ukusiza ukubuyisela ukuzala kwabesifazane. Ungadinga okukodwa noma inhlanganisela engaphezu kweyodwa ukuze ukwazi ukukhulelwa.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• imishanguzo yokuzala yokulawula noma yokukhuthaza ukuzala
• ukuhlinzwa ukwelapha izinkinga zesibeletho
• i-intrauterine insemination (IUI), ebeka isidoda esinempilo ngaphakathi kwesibeletho

Ubuchwepheshe bokuzala obusizwayo

Ubuchwepheshe bokuzala obusizwayo (i-ART) busho noma yikuphi ukwelashwa noma inqubo yokwelashwa okubandakanya ukuphathwa kweqanda nesidoda.

In vitro fertilization (IVF) inqubo evame kakhulu ye-ART. Kuhilela ukubuyisa amaqanda omama kumaqanda akhe nokuwafaka umquba ngesidoda. Imibungu ifakwa esibelethweni.

Amanye amasu angasetshenziswa ngesikhathi se-IVF ukusiza ukukhulisa amathuba okukhulelwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• umjovo we-intracytoplasmic sperm (ICSI), lapho kufakwa khona isidoda esinempilo ngqo eqandeni
• kusiza ukuqandusela, okusiza ukufakelwa ngokuvula isembozo sangaphandle sombungu
• isidoda noma amaqanda okunikelayo, angasetshenziswa uma kunezinkinga ezinzima ngamaqanda noma isidoda
• isithwali sokukhulelwa, okuyindlela yabesifazane ngaphandle kwesibeletho esisebenzayo noma labo ababhekwa njengabanobungozi obukhulu bokukhulelwa

Ukutholwa

Ukutholwa kuyindlela ongakhetha ngayo uma ungakwazi ukukhulelwa noma uhlola amanye amathuba angaphezu kwendlela yokwelashwa kokuzala.

Amabhulogi wokutholwa ayinsiza enkulu uma ufuna ulwazi ngokwamukelwa nokuqondwa ngabantu abadlule kwinqubo yokutholwa.

Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngokutholwa, vakashela:

• UMkhandlu Kazwelonke Wokutholwa Kokutholwa
• Izinsiza Zokutholwa
• Imindeni Yokutholwa

Ukuzama ukukhulelwa ngokwemvelo kuqhathaniswa nokwelashwa kokuzala

Ochwepheshe abaningi bancoma ukukhuluma nodokotela ngemuva kokuzama ukukhulelwa unyaka owodwa kwabesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-35, noma ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-35.

Abantu abanezimo zezokwelapha ezaziwayo noma ukulimala okungathinta ukukhulelwa kufanele babone udokotela ngaphambi kokuzama ukukhulelwa.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ukuzala kusho ukuthi ukuzama ukukhulelwa kuthatha isikhathi eside kunalokho okulindelekile. Yize lokhu kungakhungathekisa, izinguquko ezithile zendlela yokuphila zingakhuphula amathuba akho okukhulelwa.

Khuluma nodokotela uma ukhathazekile ngokuzala kwakho.