Ukuzungeza

-Delile

• Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba superfetation?
• Ngabe zikhona izimpawu zokuthi ukugcwala ngokweqile kwenzeke?
• Ngabe zikhona izinkinga zokuphindaphindeka?
• Ngabe ikhona indlela yokuvimbela ukusondelana?
• Ingabe akhona amacala aziwayo we-superfetation?
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ukubuka konke

I-Superfetation yilapho okwesibili, ukukhulelwa okusha kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kokuqala. Elinye iqanda (iqanda) livundiswa isidoda bese lifakwa esibelethweni ngemuva kwezinsuku noma amasonto kunaleli lokuqala. Izingane ezizalwa ngenxa yokuphindaphindwa kwemithi zivame ukubhekwa njengamawele ngoba zingazalwa ngesikhathi sokuzalwa okufanayo ngosuku olufanayo.

I-Superfetation ivamile kwezinye, njengezinhlanzi, ama-hares, nama-badger. Amathuba alo okuvela kubantu anempikiswano. Kubhekwa njengokungajwayelekile ngokweqile.

Zimbalwa kuphela izimo zokucatshangelwa ukuthi kuthiwa ziyi-superfetation ezincwadini zezokwelapha. Amacala amaningi enzeka kowesifazane othola ukwelashwa kokuzala njenge-in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba superfetation?

Kubantu, ukukhulelwa kwenzeka lapho iqanda (iqanda) lifakwa isidoda. Iqanda elikhulelisiwe bese lizifaka esibelethweni sowesifazane. Ukuze i-superfetation yenzeke, elinye iqanda elihluke ngokuphelele lidinga ukufakwa kwisidoda bese lifakwa ngokuhlukile esibelethweni.

Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke ngempumelelo, imicimbi engeke yenzeke kakhulu idinga ukwenzeka:

1. Ukuvuthwa kwegazi (ukukhishwa kweqanda nge-ovary) ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okuqhubekayo. Lokhu akunakwenzeka ngokumangazayo ngoba ama-hormone akhishwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka kwe-ovulation.
2. Iqanda lesibili kumele livundiswe yisidoda. Lokhu futhi akunakwenzeka ngoba uma owesifazane esekhulelwe, umlomo wabo wesibeletho wakha ipulaki le-mucus elivimba ukudlula kwesidoda. Le plug plug ye-mucus ingumphumela wokuphakama kwamahomoni akhiqizwa ekukhulelweni.
3. Iqanda elikhulelwe lidinga ukufakwa esibelethweni esivele sikhulelwe. Lokhu kungaba nzima ngoba ukufakelwa kudinga ukukhishwa kwamahomoni athile abengeke akhishwe uma owesifazane esevele ekhulelwe. Kukhona nodaba lokuba nendawo eyanele yomunye umbungu.

Amathuba alezi zenzakalo ezintathu ezingalindelekile ezenzeka ngasikhathi sinye abukeka engenakwenzeka.

Kungakho, ezimweni ezimbalwa zokuphindaphindwa okungenzeka kubikwe emibhalweni yezokwelapha, iningi labo belile kwabesifazane abalandelwayo.

Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokuzala, okwaziwa ngokuthi yi-in vitro fertilization, imibungu evundisiwe idluliselwa esibelethweni sowesifazane. Ukuphindaphindeka kungenzeka uma owesifazane futhi ekhipha amaqanda bese iqanda livundiswa isidoda emasontweni ambalwa ngemuva kokuthi imibungu idluliselwe esibelethweni sakhe.

Ngabe zikhona izimpawu zokuthi ukugcwala ngokweqile kwenzeke?

Ngenxa yokuthi ukugcwala ngokweqile akuvamile, azikho izimpawu ezithile ezihlobene nalesi simo.

I-Superfetation ingasolwa lapho udokotela ebona ukuthi amawele embungu akhula ngamazinga ahlukene esibelethweni. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound, udokotela uzobona ukuthi le mibungu emibili ingamasayizi ahlukene. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-discordance yokukhula.

Noma kunjalo, udokotela mhlawumbe ngeke ahlolisise owesifazane nge-superfetation ngemuva kokubona ukuthi amawele ahlukile ngosayizi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kunezincazelo eziningi ezijwayelekile zokungezwani kokukhula. Isibonelo esisodwa kulapho i-placenta ingakwazi ukuxhasa ngokwanele womabili ama-fetus (ukungabikhona kweplacenta). Enye incazelo kulapho igazi lisatshalaliswa ngokungalingani phakathi kwamawele (ukumpontshelwa amawele namawele).

Ngabe zikhona izinkinga zokuphindaphindeka?

Inkinga ebaluleke kakhulu yokuphindaphindwa ukuthi izingane zizokhula ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lapho ingane eyodwa isilungele ukuzalwa, omunye umbungu kungenzeka ukuthi awukakulungeli okwamanje. Ingane encane ingaba sengcupheni yokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kubeka ingane engozini enkulu yokuba nezinkinga zezokwelapha, njenge:

• inkinga yokuphefumula
• isisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi
• izinkinga zokuhamba nokuxhumanisa
• ubunzima bokudla
• ukopha ebuchosheni, noma ukopha ebuchosheni
• isifo sokuphefumula esisanda kuzalwa, isifo sokuphefumula esibangelwa amaphaphu angathuthuki kahle

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane abaphethe izingane ezingaphezu kweyodwa basengozini enkulu yezinkinga ezithile, kufaka phakathi:

• umfutho wegazi ophakeme namaprotheni emchameni (preeclampsia)
• isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa

Izingane zingadinga ukuzalwa ngeCesarean section (C-section). Isikhathi sesigaba se-C sincike komehluko ekukhuleni kwezingane ezimbili.

Ngabe ikhona indlela yokuvimbela ukusondelana?

Unganciphisa amathuba akho okugcotshwa ngokungangeni ocansini ngemuva kokuthi usukhulelwe. Noma kunjalo, ukukhishwa kwe-superfetation kuyivelakancane kakhulu. Mancane amathuba okuthi ungakhulelwa okwesibili uma uye ocansini ngemuva kokuthi usukhulelwe.

Ezimweni ezimbalwa zokuphindaphindeka okungenzeka kubikwe ezincwadini zezokwelapha, iningi labo bekungabesifazane abathola ukwelashwa kokuzala. Kufanele uhlolwe ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi awukakhulelwa yini ngaphambi kokuthola le mithi, bese ulandela zonke izincomo ezivela kudokotela wakho wenzalo uma wenza i-IVF, kufaka phakathi nezikhathi ezithile zokuyeka.

Ingabe akhona amacala aziwayo we-superfetation?

Iningi lemibiko yokuphindaphindwa kwabantu isesimweni sabesifazane asebethole ukwelashwa kokuzala ukuze bakhulelwe.

Okushicilelwe ngo-2005 kukhulunywa ngowesifazane oneminyaka engama-32 owayesethole umanyolo we-vitro futhi wakhulelwa amawele. Cishe ezinyangeni ezinhlanu kamuva, udokotela wesifazane wabona ngesikhathi se-ultrasound ukuthi empeleni wayekhulelwe ama-triplets. Umbungu wesithathu wawuncane kakhulu ngosayizi. Lo mbungu kutholakale ukuthi mncane kunamasonto amathathu kunezingane zakwabo. Odokotela baphetha ngokuthi okunye ukukhulelwa nokufakelwa kwenzeka ngokwemvelo emasontweni ngemuva kwenqubo yokufaka umanyolo we-in vitro.

Ngo-2010, kwaba nomunye umbiko wecala lowesifazane owayene-superfetation. Owesifazane wayenziwa inqubo yokufakelwa (i-IUI) yokufakelwa futhi wayephuza imishanguzo yokuvuselela i-ovulation. Kamuva kwatholakala ukuthi ubesevele ekhulelwe isisu se-ectopic (tubal). Odokotela bebengazi ukuthi lo wesifazane ubevele ekhulelwe i-ectopic pregnancy ngenkathi benza inqubo ye-IUI.

Ngo-1999, kwakukhona umbiko wowesifazane okukholakala ukuthi wahlangabezana nokuzwela ngokweqile ngokuzenzekelayo. Imibungu kutholakale ukuthi ihlukaniswe amasonto amane. Owesifazane ukhulelwe ngokwejwayelekile futhi zombili izingane zizalwe ziphilile. Iwele elilodwa kwakungowesifazane ozalwe enamasonto angama-39 kanti amawele amabili kwakungowesilisa owazalwa enamasonto angama-35.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

I-Superfetation ivame ukubonwa kwezinye izilwane. Ithuba lokuthi kwenzeke ngokwemvelo kumuntu lihlala liphikisana. Kube nemibiko embalwa yamacala okuphuza kakhulu kwabesifazane. Iningi labo belisebenzisa izindlela zokusiza zokukhiqiza kabusha, njengokukhulelwa kwe-in vitro.

Ukushintshwa kwemiphumela kuholela emibungwini emibili enobudala nobukhulu obuhlukile. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kungenzeka ukuthi zombili izingane zizalwe zikhule ngokuphelele futhi ziphilile ngokuphelele.