I-tamponade yenhliziyo: kuyini, izimbangela nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimbangela ze-tamponade yenhliziyo
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Injani impatho

I-tamponade yenhliziyo iyisimo esiphuthumayo kwezokwelapha lapho kukhona ukuqoqana koketshezi phakathi kwezingqimba ezimbili ze-pericardium, ezibhekele ulwelwesi lwenhliziyo, olubangela ubunzima ekuphefumuleni, lwehlise umfutho wegazi nokukhuphuka kwenhliziyo, ngokwesibonelo.

Njengomphumela wokuqongelelwa koketshezi, inhliziyo ayikwazi ukumpompa igazi elanele ezithweni nasezicutshini, okungaholela ekushaqekeni nasekufeni uma ingalashwa ngesikhathi.

Izimbangela ze-tamponade yenhliziyo

I-tamponade ye-Cardiac ingenzeka ezimeni eziningana ezingaholela ekuqongeleleni uketshezi esikhaleni se-pericardial. Izimbangela eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Ukuhlukumezeka esifubeni ngenxa yezingozi zemoto;
• Umlando womdlavuza, ikakhulukazi wamaphaphu nenhliziyo;
• I-Hypothyroidism, ebonakala ngokuncipha kokukhiqizwa kwamahomoni yi-thyroid;
• I-Pericarditis, okuyisifo senhliziyo esibangelwa ukutheleleka kwamagciwane noma kwegciwane;
• Umlando wokwehluleka kwezinso;
• Ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kwakamuva;
• Uhlelo lwe-lupus erythematosus;
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe;
• I-Uremia, ehambelana nokuphakama kwe-urea egazini;
• Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kwakamuva okudala ukulimala kwe-pericardium.

Izimbangela ze-tamponade kumele zikhonjwe futhi ziphathwe ngokushesha ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga zenhliziyo.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-tamponade yenhliziyo kwenziwa yi-cardiologist ngokusebenzisa i-X-ray yesifuba, i-resonance yamagnetic, i-electrocardiogram kanye ne-transthoracic echocardiogram, okuwuvivinyo oluvumela ukuqinisekisa, ngesikhathi sangempela, izici zenhliziyo, njengosayizi, ubukhulu bemisipha nokusebenza kwe inhliziyo, isibonelo. Qonda ukuthi yini i-echocardiogram nokuthi yenziwa kanjani.

Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi lapho nje kuvela izimpawu ze-tamponade yenhliziyo, kufanele kwenziwe i-echocardiogram ngokushesha okukhulu, njengoba kungukuhlolwa kokuzikhethela ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kulezi zimo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokukhonjiswa kwe-tamponade yenhliziyo yilezi:

• Ukwehliswa kwengcindezi yegazi;
• Ukukhuphuka kwesilinganiso sokuphefumula nenhliziyo;
• I-pulsaxical pulse, lapho ishayela linyamalala noma linciphe ngesikhathi sokukhuthazwa;
• Ukwehla kwemithambo entanyeni;
• Ubuhlungu besifuba;
• Ukuwa ezingeni ukwazi;
• Amakhaza, izinyawo ezibubende nezandla;
• Ukuntula ukudla;
• Kunzima ukugwinya:
• Khwehlela;
• Ukuphefumula kanzima.

Uma kubonakala izimpawu ze-tamponade yenhliziyo futhi zihlotshaniswa nezimpawu zokuhluleka okukhulu kwezinso, ngokwesibonelo, kunconywa ukuba uye ngokushesha egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo noma esibhedlela esiseduze uyohlolwa futhi, uma kwenzeka kuqinisekiswa ukwelashwa kwenhliziyo, uqale ukwelashwa .

Injani impatho

Ukwelashwa kwe-tamponade yenhliziyo kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha okukhulu ngokufaka ivolumu yegazi bese kuphumula ikhanda, okufanele liphakanyiswe kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungadingeka ukusebenzisa ama-analgesics, njenge-Morphine, ne-diuretics, njenge-Furosemide, ngokwesibonelo, ukuzinzisa isimo sesiguli kuze kukhishwe uketshezi ngokuhlinzwa. Umoya-mpilo ubuye uphathwe ukuze kwehliswe umthwalo osenhliziyweni, kunciphise isidingo segazi ngezitho.

I-Pericardiocentesis wuhlobo lwenqubo yokuhlinza ehlose ukususa uketshezi oluningi enhliziyweni, kepha-ke kubhekwa njengenqubo yesikhashana, kepha yanele ukuqeda izimpawu nokusindisa impilo yesiguli. Ukwelashwa okucacile kubizwa ngePericardial Window, lapho uketshezi lwe-pericardial lufakwa khona emgodini we-pleural ozungeze amaphaphu.