Umlutha Wogwayi neNicotine

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu zokubheja kogwayi ne-nicotine?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okuluthwa ugwayi kanye ne-nicotine?
• Isiqephu
• Ushingamu weNicotine
• Futha noma uhogele
• Imithi
• Ukwelashwa ngokwengqondo nokuziphatha
• Uyini umbono wokulutha kagwayi kanye ne-nicotine?
• Izinsizakusebenza zokulutha ugwayi ne-nicotine?

Ugwayi nenicotine

Ugwayi ungenye yezinto ezihlukumezeka kakhulu emhlabeni. Kuyilutha kakhulu. I-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ilinganisela ukuthi ugwayi ubangela unyaka nonyaka. Lokhu kwenza ugwayi ube yimbangela yokufa okungavikeleka.

I-nicotine iyikhemikhali eyinhloko yokulutha ugwayi. Kubangela ukushesha kwe-adrenaline lapho kufakwa egazini noma kufuthwa ngentuthu kagwayi. I-Nicotine futhi ibangela ukwanda kwe-dopamine. Lokhu kwesinye isikhathi kubhekiselwa kukho njengamakhemikhali obuchopho "ajabule".

I-Dopamine ivuselela indawo yobuchopho ehlotshaniswa nobumnandi nomvuzo. Njenganoma imuphi omunye umuthi, ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungadala ukulutha ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso nangezinhlobo zogwayi ezingenantuthu, njengesinemfu nogwayi ohlafunwayo.

Ngo-2011, cishe bonke abantu abadala ababhemayo bathi bafuna ukuyeka ukubhema.

Ziyini izimpawu zokubheja kogwayi ne-nicotine?

Ukulutheka kukagwayi kunzima ukukufihla kunezinye izidakamizwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ugwayi usemthethweni, utholakala kalula, futhi ungadliwa emphakathini.

Abanye abantu bayabhema emphakathini noma ngezikhathi ezithile, kepha abanye baba yimilutha. Umlutha ungaba khona uma umuntu:

• ayikwazi ukuyeka ukubhema noma ukuhlafuna, yize kunemizamo yokuyeka
• unezimpawu zokuhoxa lapho bezama ukuyeka (izandla ezixegayo, ukujuluka, ukucasuka, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo)
• kufanele abheme noma ahlafune njalo emva kokudla noma ngemuva kwesikhathi eside ngaphandle kokusebenzisa, njengasemuva komhlangano webhayisikobho noma womsebenzi
• idinga imikhiqizo kagwayi ukuthi izizwe "ijwayelekile" noma iphendukela kuyo ngezikhathi zokucindezeleka
• iyeka imisebenzi noma ngeke iye emicimbini lapho ukubhema noma ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi kungavunyelwe
• iyaqhubeka nokubhema naphezu kwezinkinga zempilo

Yikuphi ukwelashwa okuluthwa ugwayi kanye ne-nicotine?

Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezitholakalayo eziluthwa ugwayi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuba umlutha kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuphatha. Abasebenzisi abaningi bathola ukuthi ngisho nangemva kokuba izifiso ze-nicotine sezidlulile, isiko lokubhema lingaholela ekubuyeleni emuva.

Kunezinketho zokwelashwa ezahlukahlukene zalabo abalwa nokulutha kogwayi:

Isiqephu

Isiqephu saziwa njenge-nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Yisitika esincane esifana nebhandishi osifaka engalweni noma emuva. Isiqephu siletha amazinga aphansi e-nicotine emzimbeni. Lokhu kusiza kancane kancane ukukhipha umzimba kuwo.

Ushingamu weNicotine

Olunye uhlobo lwe-NRT, i-nicotine gum ingasiza abantu abadinga ukulungiswa ngomlomo kokubhema noma ukuhlafuna. Lokhu kujwayelekile, njengoba abantu abayeke ukubhema bangaba nesifiso sokufaka okuthile emilonyeni yabo. I-gum ibuye ihambise amanani amancane we-nicotine ukusiza ukuphatha izifiso.

Futha noma uhogele

Izifutho zeNicotine kanye nama-inhalers kungasiza ngokunikeza imithamo ephansi ye-nicotine ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ugwayi. Lokhu kuthengiswa phezu kwekhawunta futhi kuyatholakala kabanzi. Isifutho sihogelwe, kuthunyelwe i-nicotine emaphashini.

Imithi

Abanye odokotela batusa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ukusiza ngokulutha kukagwayi. Eminye imishanguzo yokulwa nengcindezi noma imithambo yegazi ephezulu ingakwazi ukusiza ukuphatha izifiso. Umuthi owodwa osetshenziswa kakhulu yi-varenicline (Chantix). Abanye odokotela banquma i-bupropion (Wellbutrin). Lokhu kuyisidambisi esisetshenziswa ngaphandle kwelebula lokuyeka ukubhema ngoba kunganciphisa isifiso sakho sokubhema.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingekho kwelebula kusho ukuthi umuthi ovunyelwe yi-FDA ngenhloso eyodwa usetshenziselwa injongo eyehlukile engavunyelwe. Kodwa-ke, udokotela usengasisebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa ngaleyo njongo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-FDA ilawula ukuhlolwa nokuvunywa kwezidakamizwa, kodwa hhayi ukuthi odokotela bazisebenzisa kanjani izidakamizwa ukwelapha iziguli zabo. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho angakunikeza umuthi kodwa bacabanga ukuthi kungcono kakhulu ukunakekelwa kwakho. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingekho kwelebula lapha.

Ukwelashwa ngokwengqondo nokuziphatha

Abanye abantu abasebenzisa ugwayi baphumelela ngezindlela ezinjengalezi:

• i-hypnotherapy
• ukwelashwa kwengqondo-yokuziphatha
• Uhlelo lwe-neuro-linguistic

Lezi zindlela zisiza umsebenzisi ukuthi ashintshe imicabango yakhe mayelana nokulutha. Basebenza ukuguqula imizwa noma isimilo ubuchopho bakho obuhlobanisa nokusetshenziswa kukagwayi.

Ukwelashwa kokungezwa kukagwayi kudinga ukuhlanganiswa kwezindlela. Khumbula ukuthi okusebenzela umuntu oyedwa ngeke nakanjani kusebenzele omunye. Kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa okufanele uzame.

Uyini umbono wokulutha kagwayi kanye ne-nicotine?

Umlutha kagwayi ungalawulwa ngokwelashwa okufanele. Ukuba umlutha kagwayi kufana nezinye izidakamizwa ekubeni kungalapheki ngempela. Ngamanye amagama, kuyinto okuzodingeka ubhekane nayo impilo yakho yonke.

Abasebenzisi bakagwayi bavame ukuba namazinga aphezulu okubuyela emuva. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-75 abantu abayeka ukubhema baphinde babuye ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala. Isikhathi eside sokwelashwa noma ukuguqulwa kwendlela kungavimbela ukubuyela emuva okuzayo.

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa nokuthi ukushintsha imikhuba yokuphila, njengokugwema izimo lapho kuzoba khona abanye abasebenzisi bakagwayi noma ukusebenzisa isimilo esihle (njengokuzivocavoca) lapho izifiso ziqala kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni amathuba okululama.

Izinsizakusebenza zokulutha ugwayi ne-nicotine?

Izinsizakusebenza eziningi ziyatholakala kubantu abanomlutha kagwayi. Lezi zinhlangano ezilandelayo zinganikeza imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nokuluthwa ugwayi kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa ezingenzeka:

• INicotine Engaziwa
• Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sokuhlukumeza Izidakamizwa
• Ukusetshenziswa Kwezidakamizwa Nokuphathwa Kwezinsizakalo Zempilo Yengqondo
• IzidakamizwaFree.org
• Smokefree.gov