Iphathwa kanjani i-Pulmonary Emphysema

-Delile

• 1. Ama-Bronchodilators
• 2. AmaGlucocorticoids
• 3. Ukuvuselelwa kwamaphaphu
• 4. Umoya-mpilo
• 5. Imithi yokugoma
• 6. Amanye amakhambi
• 7. Ukuhlinzwa
• 8. Yeka ukubhema
• 9. Ukudla
• Izimpawu zokuthuthuka
• Izimpawu zokuwohloka
• Ukhetho lokwelashwa kwemvelo

Ukwelashwa kwe-emphysema ye-pulmonary kwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi yansuku zonke yokwandisa imigwaqo yomoya, efana ne-bronchodilators kanye ne-inhalled corticosteroids, ekhonjiswe yi-pulmonologist.Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukwamukela imikhuba yokuphila enempilo, ikakhulukazi ukugwema ukubhema, ngaphezu kokuzivocavoca ukuphefumula. .

I-emphysema emphysema, engenye yezinhlobo zesifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (COPD), iyisifo sokuphefumula esingelapheki, kanti ukwelashwa kwaso kubalulekile ukunciphisa izimpawu nokunciphisa ukubhebhetheka kwalesi sifo, ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa izimo. izimo zezempilo kanye nokuzimela komuntu othintekile. Yazi ukuthi ungazibona kanjani izimpawu ze-emphysema ye-pulmonary.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, kungadingeka ukusebenzisa imaski yomoya-mpilo, amahora ambalwa noma ngokuqhubekayo, kanye nokuhlinzwa ukunciphisa ivolumu yamaphaphu noma ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu kungakhonjiswa.

1. Ama-Bronchodilators

Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi evula imigwaqo yomoya kuyindlela eyinhloko yokwelapha i-emphysema, evame ukwenziwa ngendlela yokuhogela. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:

• Ama-agonists asebenza ngamafuphi, njenge-Fenoterol, Salbutamol ne-Terbutaline: zisetshenziswa kusukela ekuqaleni kwesifo, futhi kufanele ziphefumulelwe lapho kunesidingo noma lapho izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu;
• Ama-agonists asebenza isikhathi eside, njenge-Formoterol: okusetshenziswa kakhulu esigabeni esiphakathi kwalesi sifo, lapho izimpawu zinde kakhulu, zisetshenziswa nsuku zonke;
• Ama-anticholinergics, njenge-Ipratropium Bromide: ivame ukusetshenziswa ngokuhlangana ne-beta-2-agonists, ukukhulisa umphumela wokuhlanza emaphashini;
• Ama-Methylxanthines, afana ne-Aminophylline neTheophylline: ingaba enye indlela ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ithuthukise amandla okuphefumula, noma kunjalo, ngoba ibangela imiphumela emibi eminingi, enjengokuhlanza, ukuthuthumela nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha nangokuqapha okuvamile kwezokwelapha.

Izicishamlilo zemithi kungenzeka ukuthi sezivele zakhiwe yinhlanganisela yama-bronchodilators noma ihlanganiswe nama-corticosteroids, ukwenza lula ukusetshenziswa nokunciphisa inani lamanani, njengasesimweni sezibonelo ezinjengeSeretide noma i-Alenia, ngokwesibonelo.

2. AmaGlucocorticoids

Izindlela zokwelapha zeCorticoid zisetshenziswa kakhulu ngendlela ehogelwayo. Ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwalezi zidakamizwa, kanye nama-bronchodilators, kunganciphisa ukuwohloka komsebenzi wamaphaphu kanye nengozi yezinkinga, futhi kufanele kuboniswe ngudokotela wamaphaphu.

Zijwayele ukusetshenziswa kabili ngosuku, futhi sezingahlanganiswa nama-bronchodilators emithini efanayo. Kunconywa ukuthi ugeze umlomo wakho ngemuva kokuwusebenzisa ukunciphisa ubungozi bokutheleleka ngomlomo, njenge-candidiasis yomlomo.

Ama-corticosteroids asethebhulethi awanconyelwa ukusetshenziswa ngokuqhubekayo, ngoba abangela imiphumela emibi eminingi kanye nezinzuzo ezimbalwa ekwelapheni lesi sifo, futhi kufanele asetshenziswe ezimeni zokwanda kwesifo ngokutheleleka, futhi angaletha izinzuzo zokululama.

3. Ukuvuselelwa kwamaphaphu

Kuluhlelo lokwelashwa kwe-physiotherapy olubandakanya ukuzivocavoca ukuqinisa imisipha yesifuba nokwenza ngcono ukuphefumula, njengokuzivocavoca kokunweba kwamaphaphu, ukwelula imisipha, ukuphefumula, ukuqaphela ukuma nokuphefumula okulungile, okunikeza amandla angcono okwenza imisebenzi usuku nosuku. Funda kabanzi ngalolu hlobo lwezokwelapha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukwenza izivivinyo zomzimba, njengokuhamba nokuqondiswa kochwepheshe, ngemuva kokunconywa kwezokwelapha, ukwenza ngcono isimo somzimba, ukukhulisa amandla okuphefumula nokunciphisa izimpawu.

4. Umoya-mpilo

Ukusetshenziswa kwepayipi le-oksijini emakhaleni kuboniswa kuphela ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, lapho amaphaphu engasakwazi ukuletha umoya-mpilo womzimba ngokwawo. Kuboniswa ngudokotela, futhi kungadingeka amahora ambalwa noma usuku lonke.

5. Imithi yokugoma

Abantu abane-emphysema ye-pulmonary basengozini enkulu yokuthola izifo zokuphefumula, okufanele zigwenywe, zombili ngoba ziba nzima kakhulu kulezi ziguli futhi ngoba zibangela i-emphysema ebhebhethekayo ngesikhathi sezinhlekelele.

Ngakho-ke, kukhonjiswa ukuthi abantu abane-COPD bathola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane njalo ngonyaka, nangokulwa nezifo ze-pneumococcal, ukugwema amacala we-pneumonia nokusongela impilo. Imishanguzo yomkhuhlane nayo ikhonjiswa njalo ngonyaka.

6. Amanye amakhambi

I-N-acetyl-cysteine ​​ingakhonjiswa ezimweni eziningi, ngenxa yezakhi zayo zokulwa ne-antioxidant kanye ne-mucus.

Ama-antibiotic angadingeka uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka okuphefumula okubangelwa amagciwane, okungajwayelekile ezigulini ezine-COPD.

7. Ukuhlinzwa

Yize kuyinto engavamile kakhulu, kwezinye izimo ezinzima kakhulu, udokotela angaluleka ukuthi ahlinzwe ukuze kususwe izingxenye ezithinteke kakhulu zamaphaphu, okuvumela izifunda ezinempilo ukuthi zikhule kangcono futhi zisebenze kahle, kepha lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa kuphela kwezinye amacala abucayi nalapho umuntu angakwazi ukubekezelela le nqubo.

Ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu kungenzeka futhi ukuthi kwenzeke ezimweni ezithile, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngudokotela.

8. Yeka ukubhema

Yize kungelona ikhambi ncamashi, ukubhema kungenye yezimbangela ezinkulu ze-emphysema ye-pulmonary futhi, ngakho-ke, abantu abahlushwa i-emphysema ye-pulmonary kufanele bayeke ukusebenzisa ugwayi.

Ngisho nentuthu kagwayi noma ukuhogela intuthu yezimboni, ukungcola, kuyingozi ekwenziweni kwe-emphysema. Ngakho-ke, izidakamizwa ezisiza ukunciphisa noma ukumisa ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi zingafakwa ekwelashweni, enye yezinhloso zokwelashwa eziyinhloko ukwenza ukuthi umuntu one-emphysema ye-pulmonary ayeke ukubhema ngokuphelele.

9. Ukudla

Ukudla nakho kungasiza kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukuphefumula, ngoba ama-carbohydrate, amanoni namaprotheni, uma kudliwe, kudla umoya-mpilo futhi kukhipha isikhutha. Futhi njengoba abantu abane-emphysema yamaphaphu benenkinga ngokushintshaniswa kwegesi emaphashini, ukudla kungasiza futhi ekwenzeni le nqubo.

Esinye sezakhi esidla kakhulu i-oksijeni futhi sikhiphe i-carbon dioxide yi-carbohydrate. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi abantu abane-emphysema banciphise inani lama-carbohydrate ekudleni kwabo, ikakhulukazi ushukela olula, otholakala ekudleni okufana namakhukhi, amakhekhe, amakhekhe namanye amaswidi. Ngakho-ke, okuncamelayo kufanele kunikezwe ekudleni okune-fiber kanye namafutha amahle, adla umoya-mpilo omncane, njengama-avocado, isalmon, i-tuna, ama-sardine noma uwoyela womnqumo.

Kunoma ikuphi, kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela wezokudla ukuze enze uhlelo lokudla okunempilo oluhlangabezana kahle nazo zonke izidingo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, abantu abanezifo zokuphefumula futhi abaphathwa ngama-corticosteroids kungenzeka futhi ukuthi banciphise amazinga e-calcium nevithamini D, okungashintshwa ngokudla.

Izimpawu zokuthuthuka

I-Emphysema ayinawo amakhambi, ngakho-ke izimpawu azipheli ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uma ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa sekuvele kungenzeka ukuthi kwehle ukwehla cishe kwazo zonke izimpawu, njengokuphelelwa umoya, ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukukhwehlela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwelashwa, kungahle kube nobunzima obuncane ekwenzeni imisebenzi eye yakhathala kakhulu, njengokuthatha uhambo.

Izimpawu zokuwohloka

Izimpawu zokuwohloka zivame kakhulu ezimweni lapho ukwelashwa kunganele noma uma isifo siqhubeka futhi siba sibi kakhulu, okuvame kakhulu ezimweni lapho ukuxilongwa kubambezeleke khona.

Lezi zimpawu zifaka ubunzima obedlulele ekuphefumuleni, iminwe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ubuso obunemibala e-purplish nokushova okukhulu lapho uphefumula. Kulezi zimo, kuyalulekwa ukuthi uye esibhedlela ngokushesha ukuqala imishanguzo efanele nokugwema izinkinga ezinkulu, ezifana nokuboshwa komzimba.

Ukhetho lokwelashwa kwemvelo

Ukwelashwa kwe-emphysema ye-pulmonary okungenziwa ekhaya, ukufunda ukuzivocavoca umzimba okubizwa nge-lip balm futhi ukwenze kaningana ngosuku, njengendlela yokugcwalisa ukwelashwa okuholwa ngudokotela, ungalokothi ubeke okunye esikhundleni sako. Ukuze wenze lokhu, vele uthathe umoya ophefumulayo bese uvumela umoya uphume ngomlomo wakho ngamazinyo ahlukanisiwe nezindebe zakho zihlukaniswe ukuze uzihambise nomoya ophuma emlonyeni wakho.

Lokhu kuvivinya okulula kuqinisa imisipha yokuphefumula futhi kusize ukuqeda ngokuphelele umoya ovela emaphashini, kuvumela umoya-mpilo omningi ukuthi ungene ekukhuthazeni okulandelayo futhi, okungcono, kufanele kuqondiswe yi-physiotherapist.