Ukuqonda Nokuvimbela I-Coma Yesifo Sikashukela

-Delile

• Isifo sikashukela singaholela kanjani ku-coma
• I-Hypoglycemia
• I-DKA
• I-Nonketotic hyperosmolar syndrome (NKHS)
• Izimpawu nezimpawu
• Ukufuna nini usizo oluphuthumayo
• Ukuvimbela
• Umbono
• Ukuthatha

Yini ikhoma likashukela?

I-coma yesifo sikashukela iyinkinga enkulu, esongela impilo ehambisana nesifo sikashukela. I-coma yesifo sikashukela idala ukungazi lutho ongeke uvuke kukho ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Izimo eziningi ze-coma yesifo sikashukela zenzeka kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Kodwa abantu abanezinye izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela nabo basengozini.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, kubalulekile ukufunda ngekhoma likashukela, kufaka phakathi izimbangela nezimpawu zalo. Ukwenza kanjalo kuzosiza ukuvimbela le nkinga eyingozi futhi kukusize uthole ukwelashwa okudingayo ngokushesha.

Isifo sikashukela singaholela kanjani ku-coma

I-coma yesifo sikashukela ingenzeka lapho amazinga kashukela egazi engalawuleki. Inezimbangela ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• ushukela wegazi ophansi kakhulu, noma i-hypoglycemia
• ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela (DKA)
• isifo sikashukela hyperosmolar (nonketotic) syndrome kuhlobo 2 sikashukela

I-Hypoglycemia

I-Hypoglycemia yenzeka uma ungenayo i-glucose eyanele, noma ushukela, egazini lakho. Amazinga kashukela aphansi angenzeka kunoma ngubani ngezikhathi ezithile. Uma welapha i-hypoglycemia emnene kuya kokulingene ngokushesha, imvamisa ixazululeka ngaphandle kokuqhubekela ku-hypoglycemia enamandla. Abantu abane-insulin basengozini enkulu kakhulu, yize abantu abathatha imishanguzo yomlomo wesifo sikashukela ekhulisa amazinga e-insulin emzimbeni bangaba sengozini. Ushukela wegazi ongalashwa noma ongaphenduli ungaholela ku-hypoglycemia enamandla. Lesi yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu se-coma yesifo sikashukela. Kufanele uthathe izinyathelo zokuqapha ezengeziwe uma unenkinga yokuthola izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia. Lesi simo sikashukela saziwa ngokuthi yi-hypoglycemia unawareness.

I-DKA

I-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela (DKA) ivela lapho umzimba wakho untula i-insulin futhi usebenzisa amafutha esikhundleni se-glucose ukuthola amandla. Imizimba ye-ketone iyanqwabelana egazini. I-DKA ivela kuzo zombili izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela, kepha ivame kakhulu kuhlobo 1. Imizimba ye-Ketone ingatholwa ngamamitha akhethekile eglucose egazi noma ngemichilo yomchamo ukuhlola i-DKA. I-American Diabetes Association incoma ukuhlola imizimba ye-ketone ne-DKA uma i-glucose yegazi lakho ingaphezu kuka-240 mg / dl. Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, i-DKA ingaholela ku-coma yesifo sikashukela.

I-Nonketotic hyperosmolar syndrome (NKHS)

Lesi sifo sivele kuphela kuhlobo 2 sikashukela. Kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala asebekhulile. Lesi simo senzeka lapho ushukela wegazi lakho uphakeme kakhulu. Kungaholela ekuphelelweni ngamanzi emzimbeni. Ngokusho kweMayo Clinic, abantu abanalesi sifo bathola amazinga kashukela angaphezu kuka-600 mg / dl.

Izimpawu nezimpawu

Asikho isibonakaliso esisodwa esihlukile ku-coma yesifo sikashukela. Izimpawu zayo zingahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela onaso. Isimo ngokuvamile sandulelwa umvuthwandaba wezimpawu nezimpawu eziningana. Kukhona futhi umehluko ezimpawu phakathi koshukela ophansi nophakeme wegazi.

Izimpawu zokuthi ungahle ubhekane noshukela ophansi wegazi futhi usengozini yokuthuthukela emazingeni eshukela aphansi egazi afaka:

• ukukhathala okungazelelwe
• ukuqhaqhazela
• ukukhathazeka noma ukucasuka
• indlala eyedlulele futhi engazelelwe
• isicanucanu
• ukujuluka noma izigaxa zezandla
• isiyezi
• ukudideka
• kwehle ukuhlanganiswa kwezimoto
• ubunzima bokukhuluma

Izimpawu ongaba sengozini ye-DKA zifaka:

• ukoma okwengeziwe nomlomo owomile
• ukwanda kokuchama
• amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini
• ketoni egazini noma emchameni
• isikhumba esilumayo
• ubuhlungu besisu ngokuhlanza noma ngaphandle kokuhlanza
• ukuphefumula okusheshayo
• umoya onuka izithelo
• ukudideka

Izimpawu ongaba sengozini ye-NKHS zifaka:

• ukudideka
• amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini
• isithuthwane

Ukufuna nini usizo oluphuthumayo

Kubalulekile ukukala ushukela wegazi lakho uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezingajwayelekile ukuze ungadluleli kukhoma. Ama-comas esifo sikashukela abhekwa njengezimo eziphuthumayo ezidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha futhi ziphathwa esimweni esibhedlela. Njengezimpawu, izindlela zokwelapha ikhoma likashukela zingahluka ngokuya ngesizathu.

Kubalulekile futhi ukusiza ukufundisa obathandayo ukuthi bazophendula kanjani uma uthuthukela kwikhoma likashukela. Okungakuhle ukuthi bafundiswe ngezimpawu nezimpawu zezimo ezibalwe ngenhla ukuze ungathuthuki kuze kube manje. Kungaba ingxoxo esabisayo, kepha yiyona okumele ube nayo. Umndeni wakho nabangane osondelene nabo badinga ukufunda ukuthi bangasiza kanjani uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo. Ngeke ukwazi ukuzisiza uma usuwele ku-coma. Yala obathandayo ukuba bashayele ku-911 uma ulahlekelwa ukwazi. Okufanayo kufanele kwenziwe uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokuxwayisa ngekhoma sikashukela. Khombisa abanye ukuthi bangayisebenzisa kanjani i-glucagon esimweni se-coma yesifo sikashukela esivela ku-hypoglycemia. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlala ufaka isongo lesaziso sezokwelapha ukuze abanye bazi ngesimo sakho futhi bakwazi ukuxhumana nezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo uma ungekho ekhaya.

Lapho umuntu esethole ukwelashwa, angabuyela emqondweni ngemuva kokuba izinga likashukela egazini lijwayelekile.

Ukuvimbela

Izindlela zokuzivikela ziyisihluthulelo ekunciphiseni ubungozi be-coma yesifo sikashukela. Isinyathelo esisebenza kakhulu ukuphatha isifo sikashukela. Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 lubeka abantu engcupheni ephezulu yokuba ne-coma, kodwa abantu abane-type 2 nabo basengozini. Sebenza nodokotela wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ushukela wegazi lakho usezingeni elifanele. Futhi funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma ungazizwa ungcono naphezu kokwelashwa.

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kufanele babheke ushukela wegazi nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi uma bethola imishanguzo ekhulisa amazinga e-insulin emzimbeni. Ukwenza kanjalo kuzokusiza ukuthi ubone izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba ziphenduke izimo eziphuthumayo. Uma unezinkinga zokuqapha ushukela wegazi lakho, cabanga ukugqoka idivayisi ye-glucose monitor (CGM) eqhubekayo. Lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu uma une-hypoglycemia unawareness.

Ezinye izindlela ongavimbela ngazo ikhoma likashukela zifaka:

• ukutholwa kwezimpawu zakuqala
• ukunamathela ekudleni kwakho
• ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo
• ukulinganisela utshwala nokudla lapho uphuza utshwala
• ukuhlala unamanzi, okungcono ngamanzi

Umbono

Ikhoma yesifo sikashukela iyinkinga enkulu engabulala. Futhi amathuba okufa akhula lapho ulinde isikhathi eside ukwelashwa. Ukulinda isikhathi eside ukwelashwa nakho kungaholela ekulimaleni kwengqondo. Le nkinga yesifo sikashukela ayivamile. Kodwa kubi kakhulu ukuthi zonke iziguli kumele zithathe izinyathelo zokuzivikela.

Ukuthatha

I-coma yesifo sikashukela iyinkinga enkulu, esongela impilo ehambisana nesifo sikashukela. Amandla okuvikela ekuqulekeni kwesifo sikashukela asezandleni zakho. Yazi izimpawu nezimpawu ezingaholela ku-coma, futhi ulungele ukubona izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba ziphenduke izimo eziphuthumayo. Zilungiseleleni nina nobabili mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele niyenze uma niba ukufana. Qiniseka ukuthi uphatha isifo sikashukela ukunciphisa ubungozi bakho.