I-Valvuloplasty: kuyini, izinhlobo nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani

-Delile

• Izinhlobo ze-valvuloplasty
• Isebenza kanjani iValvuloplasty

I-Valvuloplasty ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ukulungisa isici ku-valve yenhliziyo ukuze ukujikeleza kwegazi kwenzeke kahle. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungabandakanya ukulungisa kuphela i-valve elimele noma ukuyifaka enye eyenziwe ngensimbi, kusuka esilwaneni esifana nengulube noma inkomo noma kumnikeli womuntu oshonile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-valvuloplasty ngokuya nge-valve enesici, njengoba kunama-valve enhliziyo ama-4: i-mitral valve, i-valve tricuspid, i-valve yamaphaphu kanye ne-aortic valve.

I-Valvuloplasty ingakhonjiswa uma kwenzeka i-stenosis yanoma yimaphi ama-valve, aqukethe ukuqina nokuqina, okwenza kube nzima ukudlula kwegazi, uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kwanoma yimaphi ama-valve, okwenzeka lapho i-valve ingavali ngokuphelele, nge ukubuyiswa komthamo omncane wegazi ubheke emuva noma uma kwenzeka kunomkhuhlane wamathambo, isibonelo.

Izinhlobo ze-valvuloplasty

I-Valvuloplasty ingahlukaniswa ngokwe-valve eyonakele, ebizwa ngokuthi:

• UMitral valvuloplasty, lapho udokotela ohlinzayo elungisa noma efaka khona i-mitral valve, enomsebenzi wokuvumela igazi ukuba lidlule lisuka kwi-atrium yesobunxele liye ku-ventricle yangakwesokunxele, liyivimbele ekubuyeleni emaphashini;
• I-aortic valvuloplasty, lapho i-aortic valve, evumela ukuphuma kwegazi ku-ventricle engakwesokunxele ephuma enhliziyweni, ngakho-ke, udokotela ohlinzayo ulungisa noma abeke enye i-valve ngenye;
• I-valvuloplasty yamaphaphu, lapho udokotela ohlinzayo elungisa noma efaka khona i-valve yamaphaphu, enomsebenzi wokuvumela igazi ukuba lidlule lisuka ku-ventricle elifanele liye emaphashini;
• I-valvuloplasty yeTricuspid, lapho i-tricuspid valve, evumela igazi ukuthi lidlule lisuka e-atrium elifanele iye kwi-ventricle efanele, ilimele futhi, ngakho-ke, udokotela ohlinzayo kufanele alungise noma abeke enye i-valve kwenye.

Imbangela yokukhubazeka kwe-valve, ubunzima bayo kanye nobudala besiguli kunquma ukuthi ngabe i-valvuloplasty izolungiswa noma ifakwe esikhundleni sayo.

Isebenza kanjani iValvuloplasty

IValvuloplasty ivame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile kanye nokusikwa esifubeni ukuze udokotela ohlinzayo abheke yonke inhliziyo. Le ndlela ejwayelekile isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngokushintshwa, njengasesimweni sokuvuselelwa okunzima kwe-mitral, ngokwesibonelo.

Kodwa-ke, udokotela ohlinzayo angakhetha izindlela ezingezinhle zokuhlasela, njenge:

• Ibhaluni i-valvuloplasty, okuqukethe ukwethulwa kwe-catheter enebhaluni ekugcineni, imvamisa kudabula, kuze kufike enhliziyweni. Ngemuva kokuthi i-catheter isenhliziyweni, ukujova kuyajova ukuze udokotela abone i-valve ethintekile futhi ibhaluni ligcwele futhi linciphile, ukuze kuvulwe i-valve encishisiwe;
• I-valvuloplasty enamandla, lapho kufakwa khona ishubhu elincane esifubeni esikhundleni sokwenza ukusika okukhulu, kwehlise izinhlungu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ubude bokuhlala nosayizi wesibazi.

Kokubili ibhaluni i-valvuloplasty ne-valvuloplasty enqamulelayo isetshenziswa ezimweni zokulungiswa, kanye nokwelapha i-aortic stenosis, ngokwesibonelo.