I-Vasculitis: kuyini, izimbangela, izimpawu nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimbangela ezingaba khona
• Ziyini izimpawu
• Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Vasculitis, ebizwa nangokuthi i-angeitis, ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi engathinta kuphela imithambo eyodwa noma eminingi, ngisho nezitho ezihlukile emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, umphumela oyinhloko we-vasculitis ukunciphisa noma ukuvinjelwa kokugeleza kwegazi esitsheni esithintekile, okungaholela ku-ischemia, okuwukuntuleka komoya-mpilo ezicutshini futhi kungaholela ku-necrosis yendawo evuvukele.

I-Vasculitis ingahlukaniswa ngokuya ngezimbangela nezimpawu ku:

• I-vasculitis eyinhloko, lapho izimpawu zingavela kubantu abaphilile, ngaphandle komlando wezifo;
• I-vasculitis yesibili, Izimpawu zazo zivela kubantu abatholakale benesifo, njenge-lupus erythematosus, isifo se-Buerger, i-schönlein-henoch purpura.

Ukuxilongwa kwazo zombili izinhlobo ze-vasculitis kwenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi nemifanekiso yaselebhu, kubalulekile kudokotela ukuthi abheke ubucayi besifo futhi akhombise ukwelashwa okuqonde kakhulu, okungaba nge-corticosteroids noma ama-immunosuppressants.

Izimbangela ezingaba khona

Izimbangela zokuqala kwe-vasculitis azicaci ngokuphelele, kepha ezimweni eziningi kubonakala ngathi zihlobene nesifo sokuzivikela komzimba, ngakho-ke kukholelwa ukuthi ukuthambekela kofuzo kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ekubonakalisweni kwaso.

Kodwa-ke, njengamanje kunezici zemvelo ezibonisa amandla okuthuthukisa i-vasculitis kumuntu, njengokusebenzisa i-cocaine noma ama-amphetamine, ukuba khona kwamagciwane afana ne-hepatitis B noma i-C ne-parvovirus B19. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-vasculitis nayo ingabangelwa yimiphumela engemihle yemithi ethile, njengePenicillamine, Propylthiouracil, Hydralazine, Minocycline noma ukuvezwa kwe-silica.

Ziyini izimpawu

Njengoba noma yimuphi umthambo wegazi emzimbeni ungathinteka, i-vasculitis ingadala izimpawu ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngesifunda noma isitho esithintwe yilesi sifo. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu ze-vasculitis ngokusho kwesifunda esithintekile, kungaba:

• Isikhumba: amabala we-purplish avela ngamaqembu futhi angaholela ekuqhekekeni kwesikhumba, ukuqaqamba noma ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa esifundeni;
• Impumulo nezindlebe: i-sinusitis ephindaphindayo, ukuphuma kwegazi, izilonda zamakhala eziphindaphindayo noma i-otitis, ubumpumputhe besikhashana, izwi elihoshozelayo, ubuhlungu bamakhala;
• Izinso: ukutholakala kwamaprotheni kanye / noma igazi emchameni, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, izitho ezivuvukele nobuso, umchamo onamafu;
• Amathumbu: ubuhlungu besisu kaningi ngemuva kokudla, indle enegazi;
• Umlenze: ukukhwehlela igazi, ukuphefumula okuncane, ukuphefumula lapho uphefumula, i-pneumonia emelana namagciwane;
• Amalunga: ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukushisa, ubomvu nobunzima bokuhambisa amalunga;
• Amehlo: ubunzima bokubona, ukubona kabili noma ukufiphala, ubuhlungu esweni noma iso elibomvu;
• ImizwaKusuka ku-amalungu: ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukuqaqamba, ukukhubazeka

Ezinye izimpawu ezingahle zibe khona ku-vasculitis ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu esizwakalayo, ubuhlungu bomzimba obuphindaphindiwe, ukukhathala ngokweqile, ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, ukugula noma umkhuhlane.

Uma kunokusola ngokuba ne-vasculitis, kubalulekile ukuthi ufune usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha okukhulu, ngoba i-vasculitis ingalimaza kakhulu izitho ezifana namaphaphu noma izinso.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-vasculitis kwenziwa i-angiologist noma i-rheumatologist futhi kuzokwenziwa ngemuva kokuhlaziya umlando wesifo somuntu, futhi kwezinye izimo ukuhlolwa kwelabhoratri njengokutholwa kwama-anti-cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), angama-antibody ahlasela i-cytoplasm, kungenzeka kuceliwe., ukuhlolwa komchamo, ama-electrolyte, i-creatinine, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuphelele nokuhlolwa kwe-FAN, okuhlose ukuthola ukutholakala kwama-autoantibodies egazini. Qonda ukuthi yini ukuhlolwa kwe-FAN nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani.

Ezimweni zokusola ukuthi i-vasculitis ifinyelele esithweni somzimba, ukuhlolwa kungadingeka futhi ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezitho ezithintekile zezitho, njenge-imaging resonance imaging, i-ultrasound kanye ne-computed tomography, ngaphezu kwe-biopsy.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-vasculitis kwenziwa ngokwesizathu sokuvuvukala nobukhulu besimo somuntu. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngemithi ye-corticosteroid, njenge-hydrocortisone, i-dexamethasone, i-mometasone ne-betamethasone, ngokwesibonelo, ngaphezu kwama-immunosuppressants anjenge-azathioprine, cyclophosphamide noma i-mycophenolate. Bheka ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zama-corticosteroids nokuthi enzelwe ini.

Kodwa-ke, ku-vasculitis enamandla, ethinta izitho zomzimba, lowo muntu kufanele ahlale esibhedlela ukuze athole ukwelashwa okufanele, futhi kwezinye izimo ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ukuvuselela ukugeleza kwegazi emkhunjini olimale ukuvuvukala.

Kanye nokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa, njengamanje umkhuba wokuzivocavoca umzimba okulula, ukuphumula okwanele, ukudla okunempilo nokunciphisa amazinga okuxineka kukhonjisiwe kubalulekile futhi kunemiphumela emihle kakhulu yokwelashwa kwe-vasculitis.