Ukubhekana Nokuphazamiseka Kombono We-Multiple Sclerosis

-Delile

• Izinhlobo zokuphazamiseka kombono
• I-optic neuritis
• IDiplopia (umbono ophindwe kabili)
• Nystagmus
• Ubumpumputhe
• Izinketho zokwelashwa
• Ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka kombono
• Ukubhekana nezinguquko zombono
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho

I-Multiple sclerosis nombono

Uma usanda kutholakala une-multiple sclerosis (MS), mhlawumbe uyazibuza ukuthi lesi sifo sizowuthinta kanjani umzimba wakho. Abantu abaningi bayayazi imiphumela yomzimba, efana nale:

• ubuthakathaka noma ukuba ndikindiki ezithweni zakho
• ukuthuthumela
• ukungazinzi okungazinzile
• ukuzwa okuhlabayo noma okuhlabayo ezingxenyeni zomzimba

Ongase ungazi ukuthi i-MS nayo ingathinta umbono wakho.

Abantu abane-MS kungenzeka babone umbono ophindwe kabili noma umbono ofiphele ngasikhathi. Ungase futhi ungaboni kancane noma ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngeso elilodwa ngasikhathi. Abantu abahlangabezana nezinkinga zokubona okuyingxenye noma ezigcwele maningi amathuba okuthi bagcine ngezinga elithile lokulahleka kombono unomphela.

Uma une-MS, izinguquko zombono kungaba ukulungiswa okukhulu. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi unezinketho. Abelaphi abasemsebenzini nabangokomzimba bangakusiza ukuthi ufunde ukuphila impilo yakho yansuku zonke ngendlela enempilo, futhi ekhiqizayo.

Izinhlobo zokuphazamiseka kombono

Kubantu abane-MS, izinkinga zombono zingafika zidlule. Zingathinta iso elilodwa noma zombili. Izinkinga zingakhula zibe zimbi kakhulu bese zinyamalala, noma zinganamathela.

Ukuqonda ukuthi iziphi izinhlobo zokuphazamiseka okubukwayo ongazithola kungakusiza ulungiselele ukuhlala nazo uma zihlala unomphela.

Ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo okuvamile okubangelwa yi-MS kufaka phakathi:

I-optic neuritis

I-optic neuritis ibangela ukufiphala noma ukungaboni kahle esweni elilodwa. Lo mphumela ungachazwa njenge-smudge emkhakheni wakho wokubuka. Ungase futhi ube nobuhlungu obuncane noma ukungaphatheki kahle, ikakhulukazi lapho uhambisa iso lakho. Ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo okukhulu kakhulu kuzoba maphakathi nendawo yakho yombono kepha futhi kungadala nenkinga yokubona ohlangothini. Imibala ingahle ingacaci njengokujwayelekile.

I-optic neuritis ikhula lapho i-MS iqala ukudiliza imboleko evikelayo ezungeze imizwa yakho ye-optic. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi yi-demyelination. Njengoba i-MS ikhula ibi kakhulu, ukwehliswa esikhundleni kuzokwanda kakhulu futhi kungapheli. Lokho kuvame ukusho ukuthi izimpawu zizokhula kakhulu futhi umzimba wakho kungenzeka ungabuyeli ngokuphelele kokujwayelekile lapho izimpawu zinyamalala.

Ngokusho kwe-Multiple Sclerosis Trust, amaphesenti angama-70 abantu abane-MS bazobhekana ne-optic neuritis okungenani kanye ngesikhathi sokugula. Kwabanye abantu, i-optic neuritis ingaba uphawu lwabo lokuqala lwe-MS.

Izimpawu zobuhlungu nokungaboni kahle zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu kuze kube amasonto amabili, bese ziqala ukuthuthuka.

Iningi labantu linombono ojwayelekile ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kweziyisithupha zesiqephu esibi se-optic neuritis. Abantu base-Afrika baseMelika bavame ukuhlangabezana nokulahleka kombono okunzima kakhulu, ngokukhombisa ukubuyiselwa kombono ngamaphesenti angama-61 ngemuva konyaka. Ngokuqhathanisa, amaphesenti angama-92 abantu baseCaucasus athola umbono wabo. bathole ukuthi lapho kuhlaselwa kakhulu, umphumela uba mpofu.

IDiplopia (umbono ophindwe kabili)

Ngamehlo avame ukusebenza, iso ngalinye lizodlulisela imininingwane efanayo ebuchosheni ukuze lihumushe futhi likhule libe isithombe. IDiplopia, noma umbono ophindwe kabili, wenzeka lapho amehlo athumela izithombe ezimbili ebuchosheni bakho. Lokhu kudida ubuchopho bakho futhi kungadala ukuthi ubone okuphindwe kabili.

I-Diplopia ijwayelekile uma i-MS iqala ukuthinta i-brainstem. I-brainstem isiza ukuxhumanisa ukunyakaza kwamehlo, ngakho-ke noma yikuphi ukulimala kuyo kungahle kube nezimpawu ezixubekile emehlweni.

IDiplopia ingaxazulula ngokuphelele nangokuzenzekelayo, yize i-MS eqhubekayo ingaholela ekubukeni okuphikelelayo okuphindwe kabili.

Nystagmus

INystagmus ukunyakaza kokuzithandela kwamehlo. Ukunyakaza kuvame ukuba nesigqi futhi kuholele ekushosheni noma ekuzweleni esweni. Ungahle ube nesiyezi kanye nesicanucanu ngenxa yalokhu kuhamba okungalawuleki.

I-Oscillopsia, umuzwa wokuthi umhlaba uyazamazama ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye noma phezulu naphezulu, futhi kuvamile kubantu abane-MS.

Lolu hlobo lokuphazamiseka okubukwayo luvame ukubangelwa ukuhlaselwa yi-MS okuthinta indlebe yangaphakathi noma i-cerebellum, isikhungo sokuxhumanisa ubuchopho. Abanye abantu bakuthola kuphela lapho bebheka ohlangothini olulodwa. Izimpawu zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu ngemisebenzi ethile.

I-Nystagmus ngokuvamile ivela njengesifo esingapheli se-MS noma ngesikhathi sokubuyela emuva. Ukwelashwa kungasiza ukulungisa umbono wakho nomqondo wokulinganisela.

Ubumpumputhe

Njengoba i-MS ikhula kakhulu, kanjalo nezimpawu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi umbono wakho. Abantu abane-MS bangathola ubumpumputhe, noma ngabe bungaphelele noma bugcwele. Ukudilizwa kabusha okuthuthukile kungabhubhisa imizwa yakho ye-optic noma ezinye izitho zomzimba wakho ezibhekele ukubona. Lokhu kungathinta unomphela ukubona.

Izinketho zokwelashwa

Izinketho ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa ziyatholakala ngohlobo ngalunye lokuphazamiseka okubukwayo. Okukulungele kakhulu kuncike kwizimpawu zakho, ubunzima besifo sakho, nempilo yakho yonke yomzimba.

Imithi ejwayelekile esetshenziswayo ifaka phakathi:

• Isiqephu samehlo. Ukugqoka isembozo ngeso elilodwa kungakusiza ukuthi ube nesicanucanu nesizungu, ikakhulukazi uma unombono ophindwe kabili.
• Umjovo we-steroid. Umjovo kungenzeka ungathuthukisi umbono wakho wesikhathi eside, kepha ungasiza abanye abantu ukuthi basheshise ukululama ekuphazamisekeni. Isebenza ngokubambezela ukuthuthukiswa kwesigameko sokudonswa kwesibili kwesibili. Ngokuvamile unikezwa inkambo ye-steroids esikhathini esiyizinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kwezinhlanu. I-methylprednisolone (IVMP) efakwa ngaphakathi inikezwa ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu. Izingozi nemiphumela emibi kungabandakanya ukucasuka kwesisu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukushintsha kwemizwelo nokuqwasha.
• Eminye imithi. Udokotela wakho angazama ukusiza ukuxazulula eminye imiphumela emibi yokuphazamiseka okubukwayo ize iphele. Isibonelo, bangahle banikeze imishanguzo efana neClonazepam (iKlonopin) ukusiza ukwehlisa umuzwa oxegayo noma weqa obangelwa yi-nystagmus.

ebuhlotsheni obuphakathi kwe-antihistamine ejwayelekile ne-MS buthole ubufakazi bokuthi i-clemastine fumarate ingaguqula umonakalo we-optic kubantu abane-MS. Lokhu kungenzeka uma i-antihistamine ilungisa okokumboza okuvikelayo ezigulini ezinokukhutshwa komzimba okungapheli. Ngenkathi lokhu kudinga ukufundwa ngokuqhubekayo, kunganikeza ithemba kulabo asebeke babhekana nokulimala kwezinzwa ze-optic.

Ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka kombono

Ngenkathi ukuphazamiseka kombono ezigulini ze-MS kungenakugwenywa, kunezinyathelo ongazithatha ukusiza ukuvimbela noma ukunciphisa amathuba okuvela kwazo.

Uma kunokwenzeka, ukuphumula amehlo akho usuku lonke kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuqhuma okuzayo noma ukunciphisa amandla alo. Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kunganciphisa ubunzima bokuphazamiseka okubukwayo futhi kungavimbela ukulimala kwesikhathi eside. Odokotela bangaphinde banikeze izibuko ezisiza ukuqukethe ama-prism agudluza iso.

Labo asebevele benokukhubazeka okubonakalayo ngaphambi kokuxilongwa kwabo kwe-MS bazoba sengozini enkulu yokulimala okukhulu, futhi umonakalo ungaba nomthelela omkhulu. Njengoba i-MS yomuntu iqhubeka, bazophinde babe sengozini enkulu yokuphazamiseka kokubona.

Ukubhekana nezinguquko zombono

Ukwazi izimbangela zakho kungakusiza uvimbele noma wehlise imvamisa yokuphindelela kwakho. I-trigger yinoma yini eletha izimpawu zakho noma ezenza zibe zimbi kakhulu. Isibonelo, abantu ezindaweni ezifudumele bangaba nesikhathi esinzima kakhulu ngezimpawu zabo ze-MS.

Izinga lokushisa lomzimba elinyuke kancane linciphisa amandla enzwa ediziliwe yokuqhuba imizwa kagesi, ikhulise izimpawu ze-MS nombono wokufiphala. Abantu abane-MS bangasebenzisa ama-vest okupholisa noma okusonge intamo ukugcina ukushisa komzimba ngesikhathi sangaphandle noma somzimba. Bangakwazi futhi ukugqoka izingubo ezingasindi futhi badle iziphuzo ezineqhwa noma ama-ice pop.

Ezinye izimbangela zifaka:

• kubanda, okungakhuphula ukuqina
• ukucindezeleka
• ukukhathala nokungalali kahle

Sebenza nodokotela wakho ukukhomba okungenzeka kube khona ukuze ukwazi ukuphatha kangcono izimpawu zakho.

Ngaphezu kokuzama ukuvimbela izinkinga ezibukwayo, kufanele futhi uzilungiselele ukuhlala nazo. Ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo kungaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho, ngokuya ngokuphila kwansuku zonke kanye nenhlalakahle yakho engokomzwelo.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho

Ukuthola iqembu lokuqonda, elakhayo phakathi kwabangani bakho, amalungu omndeni, nomphakathi omkhulu kungakusiza ukuthi ulungiselele futhi wamukele izinguquko ezibukwayo ezingaba unomphela. Udokotela wakho futhi angakwazi ukuncoma inhlangano yomphakathi eyenzelwe ukusiza abantu abanezinkinga zokubona ukuthi bafunde izindlela ezintsha zokuphila izimpilo zabo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho, owelapha, noma isikhungo somphakathi esibhedlela sakho ukuthola iziphakamiso.