Ubuso Bokunakekelwa Kwezempilo: Yini i-Obstetrician?

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Uyini owokubelethisa?
• Izidingo zemfundo nokuqeqesha
• Ziphatha ziphi izimo odokotela ababelethayo?
• Yiziphi izinqubo ezenziwa ngongoti bezokubelethisa?
• Kufanele umbone nini udokotela obelethisa?

Ukubuka konke

Igama elithi "OB-GYN" libhekisa enkambisweni yokubelethisa neyokubelethisa noma kudokotela osebenzisa zombili izinkambu zemithi. Abanye odokotela bakhetha ukwenza umkhuba owodwa kuphela kule mikhakha. Isibonelo, odokotela besifazane benza kuphela i-gynecology, egxile kwezempilo yabesifazane yokuzala.

Odokotela ababelethayo benza kuphela ukubelethisa, noma indawo yezokwelapha ehlotshaniswa nokukhulelwa nokubeletha. Nakhu ukubhekisisa ukuthi laba ngoti benzani nokuthi kufanele uyibone nini.

Uyini owokubelethisa?

Odokotela ababelethayo banikeza ukunakekelwa kokuhlinzwa kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokubeletha. Babuye baphathe nokunakekelwa kwangemva kokubeletha.

Abanye odokotela ababelethisayo bakhetha ukugxila emithini yomama abakhulelwe (MFM). Leli gatsha lezokubelethisa ligxile kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abanezinkinga ezingapheli zezempilo noma izingqinamba ezingajwayelekile ezivela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, odokotela be-MFM babhekwa njengongoti abasemngciphekweni omkhulu.

Ungabona udokotela we-MFM uma unesimo sempilo esingapheli esingathinta ukukhulelwa kwakho. Abanye besifazane bakhetha ukuhlangana nalaba dokotela ukuze banakekelwe ngaphambi kokukhulelwa ukusiza ukwakha uhlelo lokukhulelwa.

Izidingo zemfundo nokuqeqesha

Ukuze ube ngudokotela obelethisayo, kufanele uqale uthathe izifundo ezithile zangaphambi kokuthola izifundo bese uthola iziqu ze-bachelor. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele uthathe futhi uphase i-Medical College Admissions Test ukuze ufaneleke ukubhalisa esikoleni sezokwelapha.

Ngemuva kokuqeda iminyaka emine yesikole sezokwelapha, kufanele uqedele uhlelo lokuhlala ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi. Izakhamizi zichitha amahora amaningi ehhovisi noma esibhedlela zisiza ekuphenduleni ezimweni eziphuthumayo, ekuzalweni, nakwezinye izinqubo ezihlobene.

Uma ukhetha ukugxila ku-MFM, kufanele uqedele iminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu yoqeqesho.

Lapho ukuqeqeshwa kwakho sekuqediwe, kufanele uthathe ukuhlolwa kwesitifiketi ukuze uqinisekiswe ngeBhodi LaseMelika Lokubelethisa kanye Nezokwelapha.

Ziphatha ziphi izimo odokotela ababelethayo?

Abesifazane imvamisa baqala ukubona odokotela ababelethayo ngokunakekelwa okuvamile kokubeletha. Ukuqokwa kokuqala kwenzeka cishe emavikini ayisishiyagalombili ngemuva kwesikhathi sakho sokugcina sokuya esikhathini. Ngemuva kwalokho uzobona udokotela cishe kanye ngenyanga phakathi nesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakho.

Ababelethisi baphinde baphathe abesifazane abanokukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu ngesikhathi nangemva kokukhulelwa:

Ungaba nokukhulelwa okuyingozi enkulu uma ukhulelwe futhi wena:

• unesimo sempilo esingelapheki
• bangaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engama-35
• zithwele izingane eziningi
• unomlando wokukhulelwa kwesisu, ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, noma ukulethwa ngokuhlinzwa
• zibandakanye ekukhetheni ezinye izindlela zokuphila, ezifana nokubhema nokuphuza
• ukuthuthukisa izinkinga ezithile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ezithinta wena noma ingane

Izazi zokubelethisa nazo ziphatha:

• ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic
• ukucindezeleka kwesisu
• preeclampsia, ebonakala ngomfutho wegazi ophezulu
• ukuqhuma kweplasenta, noma lapho i-placenta isuka esibelethweni
• i-dystocia yamahlombe, noma lapho amahlombe engane ebambeka ngesikhathi sokubeletha
• ukuqhekeka kwesibeletho
• intambo eqhekekile, noma lapho inkaba ibambeke ngesikhathi sokubeletha
• ukopha okuphazamisayo
• sepsis, okuyisifo esisongela impilo

Yiziphi izinqubo ezenziwa ngongoti bezokubelethisa?

Izinqubo nokuhlinzwa kwabahlengikazi ababelethayo nakho kungahluka kunalokho okwenziwa odokotela besifazane. Ngaphandle kokuqokwa okujwayelekile kanye nezinsizakalo zabasebenzi kanye nezidingo, odokotela ababelethayo nabo benza okulandelayo:

• i-cerclage yomlomo wesibeletho
• ukwelula nokwelapha
• ukulethwa ngokuhlinzwa
• ukulethwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• i-episiotomy, noma ukusika ekuvulekeni kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ukusiza ekulethweni kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• ukusoka
• ukulethwa kwe-forceps nokudonsa

Uma unokukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu, udokotela wakho wokubeletha angakunika izivivinyo ezithile. Lokhu kufaka:

• i-ultrasound
• i-amniocentesis yokunquma ubulili bengane yakho futhi ikhombe ukungahleleki okuthile kofuzo
• cordocentesis, noma isampuli yegazi lenkaba, ukuhlola izifo ezithile, izimo zokuzalwa, noma ukuphazamiseka kwegazi
• isilinganiso sobude bomlomo wesibeletho ukuhlola ubungozi bakho bokusebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• ukuhlolwa kwelebhu ngezimo ezahlukahlukene
• ukuhlolwa kwelebhu ukukala i-fibronectin ye-fetus, ebasiza ukuthi banqume ubungozi bokusebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• iphrofayli ye-biophysical, engabasiza ukuthi bahlole inhlala-kahle yengane yakho ngokuqapha kokubili izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ne-ultrasound

Udokotela obelethayo naye uhambela abelethayo, isitho sangasese sowesifazane nokunye.Uma udinga ukungeniswa noma ukulethwa kwe-cearean, udokotela obelethayo uzobheka izinqubo. Bazophinde benze noma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okuhlobene. Bangase futhi basoke enganeni yesilisa ngemuva kokuzalwa uma uyicela.

Kufanele umbone nini udokotela obelethisa?

Kufanele wenze i-aphoyintimenti yokubona udokotela wokubelethisa uma ukhulelwe noma ucabanga ukukhulelwa. Bangakunikeza ukunakekelwa kokubeletha futhi bakusize uhlele ukukhulelwa kwakho.

Ungase ufise ukuhlangana nodokotela abahlukahlukene ngaphambi kokukhetha oyedwa ozothatha ukunakekelwa kwakho. Ngesikhathi sokusesha kwakho, ungahle uthande ukubuza udokotela ngamunye wokubelethisa lokhu okulandelayo:

• Yikuphi ukuhlolwa okudingayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
• Ingabe uya ekuzalweni noma kudokotela ocingweni?
• Uyiqapha kanjani ingane ngesikhathi sokubeletha?
• Iyini imicabango yakho ngokubeletha kwemvelo?
• Ukwenza nini ukuhambisa okuhlinzekiwe?
• Lithini izinga lakho lokulethwa ngokuhlinzwa?
• Ingabe ujwayele ukwenza ama-episiotomi? Uma kunjalo, kuziphi izimo?
• Kukusiphi isikhathi lapho ukhulelwe uqala ukucabanga ngokungeniswa?
• Iyini inqubomgomo yakho ethize mayelana nokwenziwa komsebenzi?
• Yiziphi izinqubo ozenzayo enganeni esanda kuzalwa? Uyenza nini?
• Uhlobo luni lokunakekelwa kokulandela okulandelayo okunikezayo?

Lapho usuthole udokotela omthandayo, hlela ama-aphoyintimenti akho ngaphambi kokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi kaningi ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Kufanele futhi ubone udokotela wakho wokubelethisa ukunakekelwa kwangemva kokubeletha. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi:

• xoxa ngezinketho zokulawula ukubeletha, njengephilisi noma i-intrauterine device
• thola ukucaciselwa nganoma yini eyenzekile ngesikhathi ukhulelwe noma ubeletha.
• xoxa ngezinkinga ongahle ubhekane nazo ngenkathi uzivumelanisa nokuba ngumama noma okunye ukukhathazeka mayelana nokudangala kwangemva kokubeletha
• landelela noma yiziphi izinkinga zezokwelapha ohlangabezane nazo ngesikhathi ukhulelwe, njengesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
• qinisekisa ukuthi imijovo yakho yokugoma isesikhathini