Amagama Awu-45 Okufanele Uwazi: I-HIV / AIDS
-Delile
- I-HIV-1
- Ukudlanga
- Ingculaza
- I-PrEP
- I-Concordant
- Ukungalandeli
- I-Seronegative
- I-AIDS cocktail
- Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo
- UBuciko
- Ukucwaswa
- Isibalo se-CD4
- Hlola
- Yazi isimo sakho
- Okungamanga okungamanga
- I-Serosorting
- I-Seropositive
- Ukwenza icala kwe-HIV
- Ukuguqulwa kweseroconversion
- Ucansi oluphephile
- Elisa
- Amamedi
- Ukumelana okudlulisiwe
- Umcimbi Ombi
- Ukungashadi
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Western blot test
- I-Asymptomatic
- Ukuphila ne-HIV
- Umthwalo wegciwane
- Imishanguzo yegciwane lengculaza
- Akutholakali
- Igethivu yamanga
- I-MSM
- I-Serodiscordant
- Isimo esihlanganisiwe
- Ukunciphisa ubungozi
- I-HIV-2
- I-HIV ayithathi hlangothi
- Ubushoshovu
- Ukunamathela
- Uhlobo
- Iseli le-T
- Impilo ende
- Ukunikezwa amandla
- Owasinda isikhathi eside
Isingeniso
Uma wena noma othandekayo utholakale une-HIV muva nje, ngokungangabazeki unemibuzo eminingi ngokuthi lesi simo sisho ukuthini kuwe nekusasa lakho.
Enye yezinselelo zokuxilongwa nge-HIV ukuzulazula kusethi entsha sha yama-akhronimi, isitsotsi, namagama. Ungakhathazeki: silapha ukuzosiza. Hambisa phezulu kwamagama nokusetshenziswa okuvame ukusetshenziswa okungu-45 ukubona ukuthi asho ukuthini, futhi uthole ukuqonda okungcono ngesimo.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
I-HIV-1
I-retrovirus edala amacala amaningi engculaza emhlabeni jikelele.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ukudlanga
Iphesenti labantu abangenwe ukutheleleka okuthile-kulokhu, i-HIV.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ingculaza
Imela "i-immune immunodeficiency syndrome," isimo esiholela ekulimaleni okukhulu kumasosha omzimba. Kubangelwa ukutheleleka nge-HIV.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
I-PrEP
I- “PrEP” imele i- “pre-exposure prophylaxis,” isu lokusebenzisa imishanguzo yama-ARV (kufaka phakathi izindandatho, ijeli, noma iphilisi) ukuvikela ukutheleleka nge-HIV.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
I-Concordant
Kushiwo izithandani lapho bobabili abalingani bane-HIV.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ukungalandeli
Hhayi ukunamathela ohlotsheni olunqunyiwe lwemithi. Okuphambene "nokubambelela." Ukungalandelwa komthetho kungenza ukuthi ukwelashwa kungasebenzi kakhulu.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
I-Seronegative
Ukuhlolela kabi ukutholakala kwama-antibodies e-HIV.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
I-AIDS cocktail
Inhlanganisela yokwelashwa kwe-HIV eyaziwa njenge-antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo
Imiphumela imithi yokwelashwa enayo emzimbeni, kusuka esikhathini esifushane futhi engabonakali kangako kuya esikhathini eside, engahloselwe ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo futhi ngokuvamile ayimnandi.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
UBuciko
Kumi “ukwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane,” okuwukusetshenziswa kwemishanguzo yokuvimbela i-HIV ukuthi ingaqhubeki.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ukucwaswa
Ubandlululo nokubandlulula okuhloswe ngakho kubantu abane-HIV noma i-AIDS.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Isibalo se-CD4
Amaseli e-CD4 (awaziwa nangokuthi ama-T-cell) enza kusebenze amasosha omzimba, avumela umzimba ukuthi ulwe nezifo. Ukugcina inani lamaseli e-CD4 (isibalo sakho se-CD4) ebangeni olifunayo yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokwelashwa kwe-HIV.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Hlola
Isikhuthazo kubantu abaya ocansini ukuthi bahlolwe i-HIV nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs).
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Yazi isimo sakho
Isisho esivame ukuzwakala sikhuthaza abantu ukuthi bahlolelwe izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, kufaka phakathi i-HIV, ukuze bakwazi ukuthatha izinqumo ezinolwazi, ezinesibopho (futhi bathole ukwelashwa uma kunesidingo).
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Okungamanga okungamanga
Lapho ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunikeza okuhle ngokuba khona kwama-antibodies e-HIV, kepha ukutheleleka akukho lapho empeleni. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuhlolwa kwe-ELISA kuzonikeza imiphumela emihle ngenkathi ukuhlolwa kwe-Western blot kunika imiphumela emibi.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
I-Serosorting
Ukwenza izinqumo mayelana nomsebenzi wezocansi ngokuya ngesimo sozakwethu. Ukucabanga maqondana nesimo kungaba yingozi, noma kunjalo, njengoba kuxoxwa ngalo mbukiso wesilayidi.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
I-Seropositive
Ukuhlola kahle ukutholakala kwama-antibodies e-HIV.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ukwenza icala kwe-HIV
Lapho ukudluliswa kwe-HIV kuthathwa njengecala. Lolu wudaba oluyinkimbinkimbi lwezomthetho nolokuziphatha, kanti nemithetho ehlobene iyahlukahluka kuye ngesifundazwe.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ukuguqulwa kweseroconversion
Inqubo lapho uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba lukhiqiza amasosha omzimba wokuhlasela igciwane elihlaselayo. Ungahle ungabi nezinga elibonakalayo lama-antibodies e-HIV phakathi nale nqubo. Funda kabanzi mayelana nesikhathi se-seroconversion.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ucansi oluphephile
Ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuqapha ukutheleleka ngocansi ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuzivikela. Thola ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngocansi oluphephile, olunempilo.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Elisa
Kufanelwe “ukuhlolwa okuzivikela ngama-enzyme.” Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlola ubukhona bama-antibodies e-HIV. Umphumela omuhle kulokhu kuhlolwa usho ukuhlolwa okulandelwayo kwe-Western blot test, okunemba kakhudlwana (kodwa okubiza kakhulu).
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Amamedi
Slang for “imithi,” okuyizidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-HIV. Kunezifundo eziningi ezahlukahlukene zemithi ye-HIV.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ukumelana okudlulisiwe
Ukutheleleka ngesifo se-HIV esivele simelana nemithi ethile yezidambisigciwane (ama-ARV) ebizosetshenziselwa ukuyelapha.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Umcimbi Ombi
Umphumela ongemuhle wemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa. Imicimbi emibi ingahle isukela emiphumeleni emibi kodwa engemnandi, njengokukhathala kanye nesicanucanu, iye ezimweni ezibucayi njenge-pancreatitis kanye nokudangala.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ukungashadi
Ukugwema ukwenza ucansi. Abantu kwesinye isikhathi bakhetha ukungashadi ngemuva kokuxilongwa nge-HIV ukuze bavikele ukutheleleka 'ukusabalala.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Western blot test
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokuhlola ubukhona bama-antibodies e-HIV. Izinga lokunemba kwalo licishe libe ngamaphesenti ayi-100 lihlanganiswe nohlolo lwe-ELISA. Funda kabanzi ngokuhlolelwa i-HIV.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
I-Asymptomatic
Isigaba sokutheleleka nge-HIV lapho kungabonakali khona izimpawu zangaphandle noma izimpawu zesimo. Kwezinye izimo, lesi sigaba singahlala isikhathi eside.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ukuphila ne-HIV
Ngokusho kweCDC, cishe bacishe babe ngu-1.1. abantu abayizigidi e-U.S. abaphila ne-HIV. Funda umhlahlandlela wethu wesineke wokuphila ne-HIV.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Umthwalo wegciwane
Izinga le-HIV egazini lakho. Uma inani legciwane egazini liphezulu, isibalo se-CD4 yakho siphansi. Thola ukuqonda okungcono kokuthi kusho ukuthini inani legciwane egazini.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Imishanguzo yegciwane lengculaza
Imela i- “antiretroviral,” okuwuhlobo lomuthi osetshenziswa ekwelashweni ngezidambisi gciwane (ART) ukucindezela igciwane le-HIV.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Akutholakali
Lokhu kubhekisela kumthamo wegciwane eliphansi kangangokuba izivivinyo azikwazi ukuwuthola. Akusho ukuthi isiguli asisenayo i-HIV. Funda kabanzi lapha.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Igethivu yamanga
Lapho ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunikeza umphumela ongemuhle wokuba khona kwama-antibodies e-HIV, kepha ukutheleleka kukhona lapho. Lokhu kungenzeka uma umuntu esanda kutheleleka futhi engakaqali ukukhiqiza amasosha omzimba e-HIV. Abantu abacabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi bavezwa yi-HIV bangadinga ukuhlolwa kaningi.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
I-MSM
Umela "amadoda alala namadoda." Leli gama livame ukuncanyiselwa ukuthi “ubungqingili” ezingxoxweni ze-HIV ne-AIDS, kuya ngomphakathi noma umongo.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
I-Serodiscordant
Elinye igama lobudlelwano besimo esixubekile, lapho omunye umlingani ene-HIV kanti omunye engenayo. Omqondofana abangaba khona bafaka: isimo se-sero esixutshiwe, i-sero-divergent, i-inter-virus, i-positive-negative.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Isimo esihlanganisiwe
Lapho umlingani oyedwa kwababili ene-HIV kanti omunye akanayo. Amanye amagama walokhu afaka i- “serodiscordant” ne- “magnetic.” Funda kabanzi ngokuthandana ne-HIV.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ukunciphisa ubungozi
Ukwenza imikhuba eyehlisa amathuba okuvezwa noma okusakazeka nge-HIV. Izibonelo zifaka ukusetshenziswa okungaguquguquki nokufanele kwamakhondomu, ukuhlolelwa izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, ukungabelani ngezinaliti, nokuningi. Funda kabanzi ngezingcuphe ze-HIV.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
I-HIV-2
Ihlobene kakhulu ne-HIV-1, le retrovirus ibangela ingculaza kepha itholakala kakhulu eNtshonalanga Afrika. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ezimbili ze-HIV lapha.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
I-HIV ayithathi hlangothi
I-Stigma Project ichaza “ukungathathi hlangothi kwe-HIV” njengommeli onolwazi ekulweni ne-HIV ne-AIDS.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ubushoshovu
Ukukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kohlobo oluthile: kwezenhlalo, kwezepolitiki, noma ngenye indlela. Kukhona ithani lobushoshovu lokuqwashisa nge-HIV, ucwaningo, nokuningi ngabantu ngamaqembu emhlabeni jikelele.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ukunamathela
Ukuthatha imishanguzo ye-HIV njengoba kunqunyiwe. Ukunamathela kusiza ekwehliseni umthamo wakho wegciwane futhi kuvimbela ukumelana nemithi. Eminye imigomo yalokhu ifaka phakathi "ukuthobela" kanye "nokulandela med."
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Uhlobo
Inkambo enqunyiwe yokwelashwa yesimo esithile. Funda ngokuvela kwezindlela zokwelashwa kwe-HIV lapha.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Iseli le-T
Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-CD4 cell. Ama-T-cell abangela amasosha omzimba ukulwa nezifo.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Impilo ende
Kusho ubude besikhathi umuntu one-HIV angaphila ngaso. Impilo ende ikhuphukile ngokwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Ukunikezwa amandla
Ukutshalwa ngamandla: ngokomoya, kwezepolitiki, kwezenhlalo, noma ngenye indlela. Abantu abaphila negciwane lesandulela ngculaza bangazizwa amandla ngendlela egcina isimo sabo singachazi izimpilo zabo.
Buyela ebhange lezwi
Owasinda isikhathi eside
Umuntu osehlale ne-HIV iminyaka eminingana. Abanye abantu baphila ne-HIV amashumi eminyaka.
Buyela ebhange lezwi