Umlobi: Peter Berry
Usuku Lokudalwa: 17 Ujulayi 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 1 Unovemba 2024
Anonim
Amagama Awu-45 Okufanele Uwazi: I-HIV / AIDS - Impilo
Amagama Awu-45 Okufanele Uwazi: I-HIV / AIDS - Impilo

-Delile

Isingeniso

Uma wena noma othandekayo utholakale une-HIV muva nje, ngokungangabazeki unemibuzo eminingi ngokuthi lesi simo sisho ukuthini kuwe nekusasa lakho.

Enye yezinselelo zokuxilongwa nge-HIV ukuzulazula kusethi entsha sha yama-akhronimi, isitsotsi, namagama. Ungakhathazeki: silapha ukuzosiza. Hambisa phezulu kwamagama nokusetshenziswa okuvame ukusetshenziswa okungu-45 ukubona ukuthi asho ukuthini, futhi uthole ukuqonda okungcono ngesimo.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-HIV-1

I-retrovirus edala amacala amaningi engculaza emhlabeni jikelele.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukudlanga

Iphesenti labantu abangenwe ukutheleleka okuthile-kulokhu, i-HIV.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ingculaza

Imela "i-immune immunodeficiency syndrome," isimo esiholela ekulimaleni okukhulu kumasosha omzimba. Kubangelwa ukutheleleka nge-HIV.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-PrEP

I- “PrEP” imele i- “pre-exposure prophylaxis,” isu lokusebenzisa imishanguzo yama-ARV (kufaka phakathi izindandatho, ijeli, noma iphilisi) ukuvikela ukutheleleka nge-HIV.


Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-Concordant

Kushiwo izithandani lapho bobabili abalingani bane-HIV.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukungalandeli

Hhayi ukunamathela ohlotsheni olunqunyiwe lwemithi. Okuphambene "nokubambelela." Ukungalandelwa komthetho kungenza ukuthi ukwelashwa kungasebenzi kakhulu.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-Seronegative

Ukuhlolela kabi ukutholakala kwama-antibodies e-HIV.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-AIDS cocktail

Inhlanganisela yokwelashwa kwe-HIV eyaziwa njenge-antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Okuqhamuka uma udla imishanguzo

Imiphumela imithi yokwelashwa enayo emzimbeni, kusuka esikhathini esifushane futhi engabonakali kangako kuya esikhathini eside, engahloselwe ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo futhi ngokuvamile ayimnandi.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

UBuciko

Kumi “ukwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane,” okuwukusetshenziswa kwemishanguzo yokuvimbela i-HIV ukuthi ingaqhubeki.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukucwaswa

Ubandlululo nokubandlulula okuhloswe ngakho kubantu abane-HIV noma i-AIDS.


Buyela ebhange lezwi

Isibalo se-CD4

Amaseli e-CD4 (awaziwa nangokuthi ama-T-cell) enza kusebenze amasosha omzimba, avumela umzimba ukuthi ulwe nezifo. Ukugcina inani lamaseli e-CD4 (isibalo sakho se-CD4) ebangeni olifunayo yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokwelashwa kwe-HIV.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Hlola

Isikhuthazo kubantu abaya ocansini ukuthi bahlolwe i-HIV nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs).

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Yazi isimo sakho

Isisho esivame ukuzwakala sikhuthaza abantu ukuthi bahlolelwe izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, kufaka phakathi i-HIV, ukuze bakwazi ukuthatha izinqumo ezinolwazi, ezinesibopho (futhi bathole ukwelashwa uma kunesidingo).

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Okungamanga okungamanga

Lapho ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunikeza okuhle ngokuba khona kwama-antibodies e-HIV, kepha ukutheleleka akukho lapho empeleni. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuhlolwa kwe-ELISA kuzonikeza imiphumela emihle ngenkathi ukuhlolwa kwe-Western blot kunika imiphumela emibi.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-Serosorting

Ukwenza izinqumo mayelana nomsebenzi wezocansi ngokuya ngesimo sozakwethu. Ukucabanga maqondana nesimo kungaba yingozi, noma kunjalo, njengoba kuxoxwa ngalo mbukiso wesilayidi.


Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-Seropositive

Ukuhlola kahle ukutholakala kwama-antibodies e-HIV.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukwenza icala kwe-HIV

Lapho ukudluliswa kwe-HIV kuthathwa njengecala. Lolu wudaba oluyinkimbinkimbi lwezomthetho nolokuziphatha, kanti nemithetho ehlobene iyahlukahluka kuye ngesifundazwe.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukuguqulwa kweseroconversion

Inqubo lapho uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba lukhiqiza amasosha omzimba wokuhlasela igciwane elihlaselayo. Ungahle ungabi nezinga elibonakalayo lama-antibodies e-HIV phakathi nale nqubo. Funda kabanzi mayelana nesikhathi se-seroconversion.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ucansi oluphephile

Ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuqapha ukutheleleka ngocansi ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuzivikela. Thola ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngocansi oluphephile, olunempilo.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Elisa

Kufanelwe “ukuhlolwa okuzivikela ngama-enzyme.” Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlola ubukhona bama-antibodies e-HIV. Umphumela omuhle kulokhu kuhlolwa usho ukuhlolwa okulandelwayo kwe-Western blot test, okunemba kakhudlwana (kodwa okubiza kakhulu).

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Amamedi

Slang for “imithi,” okuyizidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-HIV. Kunezifundo eziningi ezahlukahlukene zemithi ye-HIV.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukumelana okudlulisiwe

Ukutheleleka ngesifo se-HIV esivele simelana nemithi ethile yezidambisigciwane (ama-ARV) ebizosetshenziselwa ukuyelapha.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Umcimbi Ombi

Umphumela ongemuhle wemithi esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa. Imicimbi emibi ingahle isukela emiphumeleni emibi kodwa engemnandi, njengokukhathala kanye nesicanucanu, iye ezimweni ezibucayi njenge-pancreatitis kanye nokudangala.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukungashadi

Ukugwema ukwenza ucansi. Abantu kwesinye isikhathi bakhetha ukungashadi ngemuva kokuxilongwa nge-HIV ukuze bavikele ukutheleleka 'ukusabalala.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Western blot test

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi lokuhlola ubukhona bama-antibodies e-HIV. Izinga lokunemba kwalo licishe libe ngamaphesenti ayi-100 lihlanganiswe nohlolo lwe-ELISA. Funda kabanzi ngokuhlolelwa i-HIV.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-Asymptomatic

Isigaba sokutheleleka nge-HIV lapho kungabonakali khona izimpawu zangaphandle noma izimpawu zesimo. Kwezinye izimo, lesi sigaba singahlala isikhathi eside.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukuphila ne-HIV

Ngokusho kweCDC, cishe bacishe babe ngu-1.1. abantu abayizigidi e-U.S. abaphila ne-HIV. Funda umhlahlandlela wethu wesineke wokuphila ne-HIV.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Umthwalo wegciwane

Izinga le-HIV egazini lakho. Uma inani legciwane egazini liphezulu, isibalo se-CD4 yakho siphansi. Thola ukuqonda okungcono kokuthi kusho ukuthini inani legciwane egazini.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Imishanguzo yegciwane lengculaza

Imela i- “antiretroviral,” okuwuhlobo lomuthi osetshenziswa ekwelashweni ngezidambisi gciwane (ART) ukucindezela igciwane le-HIV.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Akutholakali

Lokhu kubhekisela kumthamo wegciwane eliphansi kangangokuba izivivinyo azikwazi ukuwuthola. Akusho ukuthi isiguli asisenayo i-HIV. Funda kabanzi lapha.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Igethivu yamanga

Lapho ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunikeza umphumela ongemuhle wokuba khona kwama-antibodies e-HIV, kepha ukutheleleka kukhona lapho. Lokhu kungenzeka uma umuntu esanda kutheleleka futhi engakaqali ukukhiqiza amasosha omzimba e-HIV. Abantu abacabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi bavezwa yi-HIV bangadinga ukuhlolwa kaningi.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-MSM

Umela "amadoda alala namadoda." Leli gama livame ukuncanyiselwa ukuthi “ubungqingili” ezingxoxweni ze-HIV ne-AIDS, kuya ngomphakathi noma umongo.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-Serodiscordant

Elinye igama lobudlelwano besimo esixubekile, lapho omunye umlingani ene-HIV kanti omunye engenayo. Omqondofana abangaba khona bafaka: isimo se-sero esixutshiwe, i-sero-divergent, i-inter-virus, i-positive-negative.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Isimo esihlanganisiwe

Lapho umlingani oyedwa kwababili ene-HIV kanti omunye akanayo. Amanye amagama walokhu afaka i- “serodiscordant” ne- “magnetic.” Funda kabanzi ngokuthandana ne-HIV.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukunciphisa ubungozi

Ukwenza imikhuba eyehlisa amathuba okuvezwa noma okusakazeka nge-HIV. Izibonelo zifaka ukusetshenziswa okungaguquguquki nokufanele kwamakhondomu, ukuhlolelwa izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi, ukungabelani ngezinaliti, nokuningi. Funda kabanzi ngezingcuphe ze-HIV.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-HIV-2

Ihlobene kakhulu ne-HIV-1, le retrovirus ibangela ingculaza kepha itholakala kakhulu eNtshonalanga Afrika. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo ezimbili ze-HIV lapha.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

I-HIV ayithathi hlangothi

I-Stigma Project ichaza “ukungathathi hlangothi kwe-HIV” njengommeli onolwazi ekulweni ne-HIV ne-AIDS.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ubushoshovu

Ukukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kohlobo oluthile: kwezenhlalo, kwezepolitiki, noma ngenye indlela. Kukhona ithani lobushoshovu lokuqwashisa nge-HIV, ucwaningo, nokuningi ngabantu ngamaqembu emhlabeni jikelele.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukunamathela

Ukuthatha imishanguzo ye-HIV njengoba kunqunyiwe. Ukunamathela kusiza ekwehliseni umthamo wakho wegciwane futhi kuvimbela ukumelana nemithi. Eminye imigomo yalokhu ifaka phakathi "ukuthobela" kanye "nokulandela med."

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Uhlobo

Inkambo enqunyiwe yokwelashwa yesimo esithile. Funda ngokuvela kwezindlela zokwelashwa kwe-HIV lapha.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Iseli le-T

Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-CD4 cell. Ama-T-cell abangela amasosha omzimba ukulwa nezifo.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Impilo ende

Kusho ubude besikhathi umuntu one-HIV angaphila ngaso. Impilo ende ikhuphukile ngokwelashwa ngezidambisigciwane.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Ukunikezwa amandla

Ukutshalwa ngamandla: ngokomoya, kwezepolitiki, kwezenhlalo, noma ngenye indlela. Abantu abaphila negciwane lesandulela ngculaza bangazizwa amandla ngendlela egcina isimo sabo singachazi izimpilo zabo.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Owasinda isikhathi eside

Umuntu osehlale ne-HIV iminyaka eminingana. Abanye abantu baphila ne-HIV amashumi eminyaka.

Buyela ebhange lezwi

Izindatshana Ezidumile

Isifo sohudo sasebusuku

Isifo sohudo sasebusuku

Ukubhekana ne ifo ohudo ebu uku kungaba okuphathelene nokungathandeki. Uhudo kulapho uneminyakazo engalawuleki, namanzi. Uhudo lwa ebu uku lwenzeka ebu uku futhi luvu a wena ekulaleni. Kunezimbangela ...
Buza Isazi: Imibuzo ejwayelekile mayelana notshwala negazi

Buza Isazi: Imibuzo ejwayelekile mayelana notshwala negazi

Ngoku ho kwalaba, ukuphuza okulingani elayo i iphuzo e i odwa ngo uku kwabe ifazane kuze kube yiziphuzo ezimbili ngo uku kwabe ili a. Kunezici eziningana ezinquma ukuthi ukuphuza ut hwala ngokulingani...