, umjikelezo wempilo kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Kunjani ukuxilongwa
• Umjikelezo wokuphila I-Wuchereria bancrofti
• Ungakuvimbela kanjani
• Yelashwa kanjani

THE I-Wuchereria bancrofti, noma W. bancrofti, yisinambuzane esibhekele i-lymphatic filariasis, edume kakhulu nge-elephantiasis, okuyisifo esivame kakhulu ezifundeni zesimo sezulu esishisayo nesinomswakama, ikakhulukazi eNyakatho naseNyakatho-mpumalanga yeBrazil.

Lesi silokazane sidluliselwa ngokulunywa umiyane wohlanga Culex sp. ithelelekile, ekhipha izibungu ezithathelwanayo egazini lomuntu njengoba ziya emikhunjini ye-lymphatic, okuholela ekuphenduleni kokuvuvukala kanye nezimpawu zesimo se-lymphatic filariasis, njengokuvuvukala komlenze, ingalo, noma esinye isifunda somzimba lapho i-parasite ikhona okwamanje, imfiva nobuhlungu bemisipha, isibonelo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Abanye abantu bangatheleleka ngo- W. bancrofti futhi azibonisi zimpawu zokutheleleka, ngoba kulezi zimo izibungu ezindala zingafa futhi ziqedwe, ngaphandle kokuvela kwezimpawu. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangathola izimpawu zokutheleleka, okuyizona eziyinhloko:

• Imfiva;
• Ukugodola;
• Ukwandisa ama-lymph node, lapho i-parasite ifinyelela ku-chain lymphatic;
• Ukuvuvukala kwamaphethelo, okwaziwa kakhulu nge-elephantiasis, okungathinta imilenze, ikakhulukazi amasende noma amabele;
• Ubukhona bokubalwa kanye namathumba ngenxa yokufa kwezinambuzane zabantu abadala;
• Khulisa inani lama-eosinophil egazini, elaziwa njenge-eosinophilia, okwenzeka njengomphumela wobukhona begciwane emzimbeni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka futhi ukuthi abanye abantu bahlakulele ukutheleleka kwesibili ngamagciwane ohlobo I-Streptococcus sp., njengoba ukutheleleka ngo- W. bancrofti kushiya amasosha omzimba engcupheni. Bheka ezinye izimpawu nezimpawu zokutheleleka ngo I-Wuchereria bancrofti.

Kunjani ukuxilongwa

Ukutholakala kokutheleleka nge I-Wuchereria bancrofti kwenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri, ngoba ukuxilongwa ngezimpawu, ezimweni eziningi, kunzima, ngoba lesi sifo singaba nezimpawu noma sibe nezimpawu ezifana nezinye izifo.

Ukuxilongwa kwelabhorethri kwenziwa ngophenyo lwe-microfilariae egazini eliseceleni, kubalulekile ukuthi ukuqoqwa kwegazi kwenziwe ebusuku, ngoba kuphakathi nobusuku lapho amagciwane atholakala khona ekugxileni okuphezulu egazini, okuvumela ukuxilongwa.

Ngemuva kokuqoqwa, igazi lithunyelwa elabhorethri liyohlaziywa ngethonsi elijiyile, okuyindlela evumela ukubonwa nokubalwa kwe-microfilariae phakathi kwamaseli egazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenziwa ezinye izindlela zokuxilonga, njenge-PCR kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-immunological ukukhomba ama-antigen noma ama-antibodies alwa ne-parasite.

Umjikelezo wokuphila I-Wuchereria bancrofti

I-Wuchereria bancrofti inezinhlobo ezimbili zokuziphendukela kwemvelo, i-microfilaria nesibungu esidala. I-microfilaria ihambelana nohlobo lwentsha lwe-parasite futhi iyifomu elitholakala egazini nasezikhungweni zemfucumfucu, kuyilapho ifomu labantu abadala laleli gciwane likhona ezitsheni ze-lymphatic futhi likhiqiza ama-microfilariae amaningi, akhishwa egazini.

THE I-Wuchereria bancrofti inemijikelezo emibili yempilo, omunye umiyane nomunye kubantu. Umiyane Culex quinquefasciatus, lapho iluma umuntu onegciwane, igqugquzela i-microfilariae, ebizwa nangokuthi i-L1, ekhula isikhathi esiyizinsuku eziyi-14 kuye kwezingu-21 emathunjini omiyane kuze kufike esigabeni se-L3 bese ifudukela emlonyeni.

Lapho uluma omunye umuntu, umiyane udlulisa isibungu se-L3, esifudukela ezitsheni ze-lymphatic futhi sikhule size sifike esigabeni se-L5, esihambelana nesigaba sokuvuthwa kwabantu abadala kanye nezocansi. Isibungu se-L5, ngemuva kwesikhathi sokufukamela, siqala ukukhipha ama-microfilariae ajikeleza egazini.

Ungakuvimbela kanjani

Ukuvinjelwa kokutheleleka nge I-Wuchereria bancrofti kungenxa yezinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuzala nokulunywa komiyane obhekene nokudluliswa kwalesi sifo, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-musketeers, ukusebenzisa izinto zokuxosha nokugwema amanzi amile, ngokwesibonelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi utshale imali ezenzweni zokuhlanzeka kwemvelo, ngoba kungenzeka futhi ukugwema omiyane.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe- W. bancrofti kufanele yenziwe ngokuyalelwa ngudokotela, imvamisa kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-Diethylcarbamazine cishe izinsuku eziyi-12. Leli khambi yilona elifaneleke kakhulu ukulwa nalesi silokazane, ngoba lisebenza kokubili isibungu esidala kanye ne-microfilariae.

Kwezinye izimo ukusetshenziswa kwe-Ivermectin nakho kunganconywa, kepha leli khambi alisebenzi ngokumelene nezikelemu zabantu abadala, kuphela kwi-microfilariae.