Isithwathwa

I-Frostbite ilimaza isikhumba nezicubu ezingaphansi ezibangelwa amakhaza amakhulu. I-Frostbite yiyona evame kakhulu ukulimala kweqhwa.

I-Frostbite yenzeka lapho izicubu zesikhumba nezomzimba zichayeka ekushiseni okubandayo isikhathi eside.

Kungenzeka ukuthi uthuthukise isithwathwa uma:

• Thatha imithi ebizwa nge-beta-blockers
• Yiba negazi elimpofu emilenzeni (isifo semithambo yegazi)
• Intuthu
• Unesifo sikashukela
• Yiba nesimo sikaRaynaud

Izimpawu zeqhwa zingafaka:

• Izikhonkwane nezinaliti ukuzwa, kulandelwa ukuba ndikindiki
• Isikhumba esiqinile, esiphaphathekile futhi esibandayo esiye sachayeka emakhazeni isikhathi eside kakhulu
• Ukuqaqamba, ukushaya noma ukungazweli endaweni ethintekile
• Isikhumba nomsipha obomvu futhi obabuhlungu ngokweqile njengoba indawo incibilika

Isithwathwa esinamandla kakhulu singadala:

• Amabhamuza
• I-Gangrene (emnyama, izicubu ezifile)
• Ukulimala kwemisipha, imisipha, izinzwa namathambo

I-Frostbite ingathinta noma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba. Izandla, izinyawo, ikhala nezindlebe yizona ndawo ezivame kakhulu ukuba nenkinga.

• Uma isithwathwa singazange sithinte imithambo yegazi yakho, ukululama okuphelele kungenzeka.
• Uma isithwathwa sithinte imithambo yegazi, umonakalo unomphela. I-gangrene kungenzeka. Lokhu kungadinga ukususwa kwengxenye yomzimba ethintekile (ukunqunywa).

Umuntu onesithwathwa ezingalweni noma emilenzeni angaba ne-hypothermia (kwehlisa izinga lokushisa komzimba). Hlola i-hypothermia bese welapha lezo zimpawu kuqala.

Thatha lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo uma ucabanga ukuthi othile angahle abe nesithwathwa:

1. Khosela umuntu emakhazeni bese umyisa endaweni efudumele. Susa noma yikuphi ubucwebe obuqinile nezingubo ezimanzi. Bheka izimpawu ze-hypothermia (ukwehlisa ukushisa komzimba) bese welapha leso simo kuqala.
2. Uma ungathola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha, kungcono ukusonga izindawo ezilimele ngokugqoka okuyinyumba. Khumbula ukwehlukanisa iminwe nezinzwane ezithintekile. Hambisa lowo muntu emnyangweni ophuthumayo ukuze athole ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo.
3. Uma usizo lwezokwelapha lungekho eduzane, ungamnika lowo muntu usizo lokuqala. Cwilisa izindawo ezithintekile emanzini afudumele (angalokothi ashise) - imizuzu engama-20 kuya kwengama-30. Ezindlebeni, ekhaleni nasezihlathini, faka indwangu efudumele kaninginingi. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elinconywayo ngu-104 ° F kuye ku-108 ° F (40 ° C kuye ku-42.2 ° C). Qhubeka ujikeleze amanzi ukusiza inqubo yokufudumala.Ubuhlungu obuvutha kakhulu, ukuvuvukala, nokushintsha kombala kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokushisa. Ukufudumala kuqeda lapho isikhumba sithambile futhi kubuya umuzwa.
4. Faka okokugqoka okuyomile, okuyinyumba ezindaweni ezinamakhaza. Faka okokugqoka phakathi kweminwe noma izinzwane ezinamakhaza ukuze zingakhethi.
5. Hambisa izindawo ezincibilikisiwe kancane ngangokunokwenzeka.
6. Ukuphinda uvuselele kwemikhawulo encibilikisiwe kungadala umonakalo omkhulu. Vimbela ukubanda kabusha ngokugoqa izindawo ezincibilikisiwe futhi ugcine umuntu efudumele. Uma ukuvikelwa ekubuyiseni kabusha kungenakuqinisekiswa, kungaba ngcono ukubambezela inqubo yokuqala yokuvuselela kuze kufike indawo efudumele, ephephile.
7. Uma isithwathwa sinzima, nikeza umuntu iziphuzo ezifudumele ukuze athathe indawo yoketshezi olulahlekile.

Uma kunesithwathwa, UNGENZI:

• Khipha indawo eneqhwa uma ingenakugcinwa incibilikisiwe. Ukuphinda uvuselele kungenza ukulimala kwezicubu kube kubi kakhulu.
• Sebenzisa ukushisa okuqondile (njenge-radiator, umlilo we-camp, iphedi yokushisa, noma isomisi sezinwele) ukuncibilikisa izindawo ezinamakhaza. Ukushisa okuqondile kungashisa izicubu esezonakele.
• Hlikihla noma uhlikihla indawo ethintekile.
• Ukuphazamisa amabhamuza esikhunjeni esineqhwa.
• Bhema noma uphuze iziphuzo ezidakayo ngesikhathi sokululama njengoba zombili zingaphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma:

• Ube nesithwathwa esinzima
• Umuzwa ojwayelekile nombala akubuyeli ngokushesha ngemuva kokwelashwa kwasekhaya kweqhwa elincane
• I-Frostbite yenzeke muva nje futhi kuvela izimpawu ezintsha, ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukungazizwa kahle, ukushintsha kombala kwesikhumba, noma ukuphuma kwamanzi engxenyeni yomzimba ethintekile

Qaphela izinto ezingaba nomthelela ekubangeleni isithwathwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ngokweqile:

• Izingubo ezimanzi
• Imimoya ephezulu
• Ukusakazwa kwegazi okungalungile. Ukusakazeka okungalungile kungadalwa yizingubo eziqinile noma amabhuzu, izindawo eziminyene, ukukhathala, imithi ethile, ukubhema, ukusebenzisa utshwala, noma izifo ezithinta imithambo yegazi, njengesifo sikashukela.

Gqoka izingubo ezikuvikela emakhazeni. Vikela izindawo eziveziwe. Esimweni sezulu esibandayo, gqoka ama-mittens (hhayi amagilavu); okokuvikela okokuvikela umoya, okumelana namanzi, okugqokiwe; Amabili amasokisi amasokisi; nesigqoko noma isikhafu esivala izindlebe (ukugwema ukulahleka kokushisa ngesikhumba).

Uma ulindele ukuvezwa emakhazeni isikhathi eside, ungaphuzi utshwala noma ubheme. Qiniseka ukuthi uthola ukudla okwanele nokuphumula.

Uma ubanjwe yisiphepho esinamandla seqhwa, thola indawo yokukhosela kusenesikhathi noma wandise ukuvivinya umzimba ukuze ugcine ukufudumala komzimba.

Ukuvezwa okubandayo - izingalo noma imilenze

• I khithi yosizo lokuqala
• Frostbite - izandla
• Isithwathwa

Okukhululekile L, Handford C, Imray CHE. Isithwathwa. Ku: Auerbach PS, Cushing TA, Harris NS, eds. Imithi Yasehlane Lase-Auerbach. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 9.

USawka MN, u-O'Connor FG. Ukuphazamiseka ngenxa yokushisa namakhaza. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 101.

UZafren K, uDanzl DF. Ingozi ye-hypothermia. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 132.

UZafren K, uDanzl DF. Ukulimala kwamakhaza okubandayo nokungabandi. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 131.