I-pneumonia engavamile

I-pneumonia iyavuvukala noma ivuvukele izicubu zamaphaphu ngenxa yokutheleleka ngegciwane.

Nge-pneumonia ye-atypical, ukutheleleka kubangelwa amagciwane ahlukile kunalawo ajwayelekile adala inyumoniya. I-pneumonia ye-Atypical nayo ivame ukuba nezimpawu ezinzima kune-pneumonia ejwayelekile.

Amagciwane abangela i-pneumonia e-atypical afaka:

• I-Mycoplasma pneumonia ibangelwa amagciwane I-Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Imvamisa kuthinta abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka yobudala engama-40.
• I-pneumonia ngenxa ye- I-Chlamydophila pneumoniae amabhaktheriya avela unyaka wonke.
• I-pneumonia ngenxa ye- Legionella pneumophila amabhaktheriya abonakala kaningi kubantu abadala abaneminyaka ephakathi nangaphezulu, ababhemayo, nalabo abanezifo ezingamahlalakhona noma amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka. Kungaba nzima kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lwe-pneumonia lubizwa nangokuthi isifo seLegionnaire.

I-pneumonia ngenxa ye-mycoplasma kanye ne-chlamydophila bacteria ngokuvamile imnene. I-pneumonia ngenxa ye-legionella iba yimbi phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala ezi-4 kuye kwezi-6, bese iba ngcono ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezi-4 kuye kwezingu-5.

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ze-pneumonia yilezi:

• Amakhaza
• Ukukhwehlela (nge-legionella pneumonia, ungahle ukhwehlele amafinyila anegazi)
• Imfiva, engahle ibe mncane noma iphezulu
• Ukuphefumula (kungenzeka kuphela uma uzikhandla)

Ezinye izimpawu zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba buba bubi kakhulu lapho uphefumula kakhulu noma ukhwehlela
• Ukudideka, imvamisa kubantu asebekhulile noma labo abane-legionella pneumonia
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla, amandla amancane, nokukhathala
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha nokuqina kwamalunga
• Isikhumba sokujuluka nesimbumbulu

Izimpawu ezingavamile kakhulu zifaka:

• Uhudo (imvamisa nge-legionella pneumonia)
• Ubuhlungu bendlebe (nge-mycoplasma pneumonia)
• Ubuhlungu beso noma ubuhlungu (nge-mycoplasma pneumonia)
• Isigaxa sentamo (esine-mycoplasma pneumonia)
• I-Rash (ene-mycoplasma pneumonia)
• Umphimbo obuhlungu (one-mycoplasma pneumonia)

Abantu abane-pneumonia okusolakala ukuthi kufanele babe nokuhlolwa okuphelele kwezokwelapha. Kungaba nzima kumhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukusho ukuthi unayo i-pneumonia, i-bronchitis, noma esinye isifo sokuphefumula, ngakho-ke ungadinga i-x-ray yesifuba.

Ngokuya ngezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu, ezinye izivivinyo zingenziwa, kufaka phakathi:

• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (CBC)
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukukhomba amagciwane athile
• I-Bronchoscopy (ayidingeki kakhulu)
• I-CT scan yesifuba
• Ukukala amazinga we-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide egazini (amagesi egazi emithanjeni)
• Ekhaleni noma emphinjeni swab ukuhlola amagciwane kanye amagciwane
• Amasiko egazi
• Vula i-lung biopsy (kwenziwa kuphela ezifweni ezimbi kakhulu lapho ukuxilongwa kungenakwenziwa kweminye imithombo)
• Isiko lesikhohlela likhomba amagciwane athile
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo ukuhlola amabhaktheriya eLegionella

Ukuze uzizwe ungcono, ungathatha lezi zinyathelo zokuzinakekela ekhaya:

• Lawula umkhuhlane wakho nge-aspirin, ama-NSAID (njenge-ibuprofen noma i-naproxen), noma i-acetaminophen. UNGAYINIKI i-aspirin izingane ngoba ingadala ukugula okuyingozi okubizwa nge-Reye syndrome.
• UNGAYITHATHI imishanguzo yokukhwehlela ungakaqali ukukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho. Imithi yokukhwehlela ingenza kube nzima emzimbeni wakho ukukhwehlela isikhwehlela esengeziwe.
• Phuza uketshezi oluningi ukusiza ukukhulula uketshezi nokukhuphula i-phlegm.
• Thola ukuphumula okuningi. Yiba nomunye umuntu enze imisebenzi yasendlini.

Uma kudingeka, uzonikezwa ama-antibiotic.

• Ungakwazi ukuthatha ama-antibiotics ngomlomo ekhaya.
• Uma isimo sakho sinzima, cishe uzolaliswa esibhedlela. Lapho, uzonikezwa ama-antibiotic ngomthambo (ngemithambo), kanye nomoya-mpilo.
• Ama-antibiotic angasetshenziswa amasonto amabili noma ngaphezulu.
• Qedela wonke ama-antibiotic owabelwe, noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono. Uma uyeka umuthi ngokushesha okukhulu, inyumoniya ingabuya futhi kungaba nzima ukwelashwa.

Abantu abaningi abane-pneumonia ngenxa ye-mycoplasma noma i-chlamydophila baba ngcono ngama-antibiotic afanele. I-Legionella pneumonia ingaba nzima. Kungaholela ezinkingeni, imvamisa kulabo abanenkinga yokuhluleka ukusebenza kwezinso, isifo sikashukela, isifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD), noma amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka. Kungaholela nasekufeni.

Izinkinga ezingaba nomphumela zifaka phakathi noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho nesistimu yezinzwa, njenge-meningitis, i-myelitis, ne-encephalitis
• I-hemolytic anemia, isimo lapho kungekho khona amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anele egazini ngoba umzimba uyawachitha
• Ukulimala okukhulu kwamaphaphu
• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula okudinga ukwesekwa komshini wokuphefumula (umshini wokuphefumula)

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho uma uba nomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, noma ukuphefumula okuncane. Ziningi izimbangela zalezi zimpawu. Umhlinzeki uzodinga ukukhipha inyumoniya.

Futhi, shayela uma utholwe unalolu hlobo lwe-pneumonia futhi izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu ngemuva kokuthuthuka kuqala.

Geza izandla zakho kaningi futhi wenze nabanye abantu abaseduze kwakho benze okufanayo.

Gwema ukuxhumana nabantu abagulayo uma kungenzeka.

Uma amasosha akho omzimba ebuthakathaka, hlala kude nezixuku. Buza izivakashi ezinomkhuhlane ukuthi zigqoke imaski.

UNGABHALI. Uma wenza kanjalo, thola usizo lokuyeka.

Thola umkhuhlane njalo ngonyaka. Buza umhlinzeki wakho uma udinga umuthi wokugomela i-pneumonia.

Inyumoniya yokuhamba; I-pneumonia etholwe ngumphakathi - i-atypical

• I-pneumonia kubantu abadala - ukukhipha
• I-pneumonia ezinganeni - ukukhipha

• Amaphaphu
• Uhlelo lokuphefumula

IBaum SG, iGoldman DL. I-Mycoplasma izifo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 301.

IHolzman RS, iSimberkoff MS, iLeaf HL. I-Mycoplasma pneumoniae nenyumoniya engajwayelekile. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 183.

UMoran GJ, uWaxman MA. Inyumoniya. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 66.