I-Mycoplasma pneumonia

I-pneumonia iyavuvukala noma ivuvukele izicubu zamaphaphu ngenxa yokutheleleka ngegciwane.

I-Mycoplasma pneumonia ibangelwa amagciwane I-Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M pneumoniae).

Lolu hlobo lwe-pneumonia lubizwa nangokuthi i-atypical pneumonia ngoba izimpawu zihlukile kulezo ze-pneumonia ngenxa yamanye amabhaktheriya ajwayelekile.

I-Mycoplasma pneumonia ivame ukuthinta abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40.

Abantu abahlala noma abasebenza ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi njengezikole nezindawo zokukhosela ezingenamakhaya banethuba elikhulu lokuthola lesi simo. Kepha abantu abaningi abagula ngayo abanazo izinto eziyingozi ezaziwayo.

Izimpawu zivame ukuba mnene futhi zivele ngaphezulu kwamasonto ayi-1 kuye kwayi-3. Zingaba nzima kakhulu kwabanye abantu.

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zifaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Amakhaza
• Ukukhwehlela, kuvame ukoma hhayi igazi
• Ukujuluka okweqile
• Umkhuhlane (ungaba phezulu)
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Umphimbo obuhlungu

Izimpawu ezingavamile kakhulu zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu bendlebe
• Ubuhlungu beso noma ubuhlungu
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha nokuqina kwamalunga
• Isigaxa sentamo
• Ukuphefumula ngokushesha
• Izilonda zesikhumba noma ukuqubuka

Abantu abane-pneumonia okusolakala ukuthi kufanele babe nokuhlolwa okuphelele kwezokwelapha. Kungaba nzima kumhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukusho ukuthi unayo i-pneumonia, i-bronchitis, noma esinye isifo sokuphefumula, ngakho-ke ungadinga i-x-ray yesifuba.

Ngokuya ngokuthi izimpawu zakho zinzima kangakanani, ezinye izivivinyo zingenziwa, kufaka phakathi:

• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (CBC)
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• I-Bronchoscopy (ayidingeki kakhulu)
• I-CT scan yesifuba
• Ukukala amazinga we-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide egazini (amagesi egazi emithanjeni)
• Ekhaleni noma emphinjeni swab ukuhlola amagciwane kanye amagciwane
• Vula i-lung biopsy (kwenziwa kuphela ezifweni ezimbi kakhulu lapho ukuxilongwa kungenakwenziwa kweminye imithombo)
• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhwehlela ukubheka amabhaktheriya e-mycoplasma

Ezimweni eziningi, akudingekile ukwenza ukuxilongwa okuthile ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Ukuze uzizwe ungcono, ungathatha lezi zinyathelo zokuzinakekela ekhaya:

• Lawula umkhuhlane wakho nge-aspirin, ama-NSAID (njenge-ibuprofen noma i-naproxen), noma i-acetaminophen. UNGAYINIKI i-aspirin izingane ngoba ingadala ukugula okuyingozi okubizwa nge-Reye syndrome.
• Ungathathi imithi yokukhwehlela ungakaqali ukukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho. Imithi yokukhwehlela ingenza kube nzima emzimbeni wakho ukukhwehlela isikhwehlela esengeziwe.
• Phuza uketshezi oluningi ukusiza ukukhulula uketshezi nokukhuphula i-phlegm.
• Thola ukuphumula okuningi. Yiba nomunye umuntu enze imisebenzi yasendlini.

Imithi elwa namagciwane isetshenziselwa ukwelapha inyumoniya e-atypical:

• Ungakwazi ukuthatha ama-antibiotics ngomlomo ekhaya.
• Uma isimo sakho sinzima, cishe uzolaliswa esibhedlela. Lapho, uzonikezwa ama-antibiotic ngomthambo (ngemithambo), kanye nomoya-mpilo.
• Ama-antibiotic angasetshenziswa amasonto amabili noma ngaphezulu.
• Qedela wonke ama-antibiotic owabelwe, noma ngabe uzizwa ungcono. Uma uyeka umuthi ngokushesha okukhulu, inyumoniya ingabuya futhi kungaba nzima ukwelashwa.

Iningi labantu lilulama ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwama-antibiotic, yize ama-antibiotic angaphangisa ukutakula. Kubantu abadala abangalashwa, ukukhwehlela nobuthakathaka kungahlala isikhathi esingangenyanga. Lesi sifo singaba sibi kakhulu kubantu abadala asebekhulile nakulabo abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

Izinkinga ezingaba nomphumela zifaka phakathi noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Ukutheleleka ezindlebeni
• I-hemolytic anemia, isimo lapho kungekho khona amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anele egazini ngoba umzimba uyawachitha
• Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho uma uba nomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, noma ukuphefumula okuncane. Ziningi izimbangela zalezi zimpawu. Umhlinzeki uzodinga ukukhipha inyumoniya.

Futhi, shayela uma utholwe unalolu hlobo lwe-pneumonia futhi izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu ngemuva kokuthuthuka kuqala.

Geza izandla zakho kaningi, bese wenza nabanye abantu abaseduze kwakho benze okufanayo.

Gwema ukuxhumana nabanye abantu abagulayo.

Uma amasosha akho omzimba ebuthakathaka, hlala kude nezixuku. Buza izivakashi ezinomkhuhlane ukuthi zigqoke imaski.

Ungabhemi. Uma wenza kanjalo, thola usizo lokuyeka.

Thola umkhuhlane njalo ngonyaka. Buza umhlinzeki wakho uma udinga umuthi wokugomela i-pneumonia.

Inyumoniya yokuhamba; I-pneumonia etholwa ngumphakathi - i-mycoplasma; I-pneumonia etholwe ngumphakathi - i-atypical

• I-pneumonia kubantu abadala - ukukhipha

• Amaphaphu
• I-Erythema multiforme, izilonda eziyindilinga - izandla
• I-Erythema multiforme, izilonda ezibhekiswe entendeni yesandla
• I-Erythema multiforme emlenzeni
• Ukuqothulwa okulandela i-erythroderma
• Uhlelo lokuphefumula

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IHolzman RS, iSimberkoff MS, iLeaf HL. I-Mycoplasma pneumoniae nenyumoniya engajwayelekile. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 183.

UTorres A, uMenéndez R, uWunderink RG. I-pneumonia yebacteria kanye nethumba lamaphaphu. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 33.