Isifo samaphaphu esibangelwa izidakamizwa

Isifo samaphaphu esibangelwa izidakamizwa yisifo samaphaphu esilethwa ukusabela okungalungile emuthini. Izindlela zamaphaphu zihlobene namaphaphu.

Izinhlobo eziningi zokulimala kwamaphaphu zingavela emithini. Imvamisa akunakwenzeka ukubikezela ukuthi ngubani ozoba nesifo samaphaphu emithini.

Izinhlobo zezinkinga zamaphaphu noma izifo ezingabangelwa yimithi zifaka:

• Ukungezwani komzimba - i-asthma, i-hypersensitivity pneumonitis, noma i-eosinophilic pneumonia
• Ukopha emaphaketheni omoya amaphaphu, abizwa ngokuthi i-alveoli (ukopha kwe-alveolar)
• Ukuvuvukala nezicubu ezivuthayo ezigabeni eziyinhloko ezihambisa umoya emaphashini (i-bronchitis)
• Ukulimala kwezicubu zamaphaphu (i-interstitial fibrosis)
• Izidakamizwa ezibangela ukuthi amasosha omzimba ahlasele ngephutha abhubhise izicubu zomzimba ezinempilo, njenge-lupus erythematosus eyenziwe yizidakamizwa
• Isifo samaphaphu seGranulomatous - uhlobo lokuvuvukala emaphashini
• Ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu omoya amaphaphu (i-pneumonitis noma ukungena)
• I-lung vasculitis (ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi yamaphaphu)
• Ukuvuvukala kwe-lymph node
• Ukuvuvukala nokucasuka (ukuvuvukala) kwendawo yesifuba phakathi kwamaphaphu (mediastinitis)
• Ukwakheka okungajwayelekile kuketshezi emaphashini (i-pulmonary edema)
• Ukwakhiwa koketshezi phakathi kwezingqimba zezicubu ezigcwala amaphaphu nesifuba (ukucwiywa kwe-pleural)

Imithi nezinto eziningi kuyaziwa ukuthi kubanga isifo samaphaphu kwabanye abantu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ama-antibiotic, njenge-nitrofurantoin nemithi ye-sulfa
• Imithi yenhliziyo, efana ne-amiodarone
• Imithi yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali njenge-bleomycin, i-cyclophosphamide, ne-methotrexate
• Izidakamizwa zasemgwaqweni

Izimpawu zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Isikhwehlela esinegazi
• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Khwehlela
• Imfiva
• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Ukuqhuma

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba futhi alalele isifuba namaphaphu akho nge-stethoscope. Kungazwakala imisindo yokuphefumula engajwayelekile.

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Imithambo yegazi yegazi
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola ukungahleleki komzimba
• Amakhemikhali egazi
• I-Bronchoscopy
• Gcwalisa inani legazi ngokuhluka kwegazi
• Isikena se-CT esifubeni
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-Lung biopsy (ezimweni ezingavamile)
• Ukuhlolwa kwemisebenzi yamaphaphu
• I-Thoracentesis (uma i-pleural effusion ikhona)

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukumisa umuthi odala inkinga. Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zincike kwizimpawu zakho ezithile. Isibonelo, ungadinga i-oksijini kuze kube yilapho isifo samaphaphu esibangelwa izidakamizwa sithuthuka. Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala ebizwa ngama-corticosteroids ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukubuyisa ngokushesha ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu.

Iziqephu ezinzima zivame ukuhamba kungakapheli amahora angama-48 kuya kwangu-72 ngemuva kokumiswa komuthi. Izimpawu ezingamahlalakhona zingathatha isikhathi eside ukuthuthuka.

Ezinye izifo zamaphaphu ezibangelwa izidakamizwa, njenge-pulmonary fibrosis, kungenzeka zingaze ziphele futhi zingaba kubi kakhulu, noma ngabe umuthi noma into imisiwe futhi ingaholela ezifweni ezinzima zamaphaphu nasekufeni.

Izinkinga ezingakhula zifaka:

• Ukusabalalisa i-fibrosis yangaphakathi yamaphaphu
• I-Hypoxemia (i-oxygen ephansi yegazi)
• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma uba nezimpawu zalesi sifo.

Qaphela noma yikuphi ukusabela okwedlule owake wakuthola emthini, ukuze ukwazi ukugwema umuthi ngokuzayo. Gqoka isongo lesilumkiso sezokwelapha uma ngabe wazi ukusabela kwezidakamizwa. Hlala kude nezidakamizwa zasemgwaqweni.

Isifo samaphaphu sangaphakathi - isidakamizwa esenziwe

• Isifo samaphaphu esiphakathi - abantu abadala - ukukhipha

• Uhlelo lokuphefumula

UDulohery MM, Maldonado F, uLimper AH. Isifo samaphaphu esibangelwa izidakamizwa. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 71.

IKurian ST, i-Walker CM, uChung JH. Isifo samaphaphu esidalwa yizidakamizwa. Ku: Walker CM, Chung JH, ama-eds. Ukufanekisa kukaMuller kwesifuba. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2019: isahluko 65.

UTaylor AC, uVerma N, uSlater R, uMohammed TL. Kubi ekuphefumuleni: umfanekiso wesifo samaphaphu esibangelwa izidakamizwa. I-Curr Probl Digan Radiol. 2016; 45 (6): 429-432. I-PMID: 26717864 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26717864.