Ukushoda kwe-alpha-1 antitrypsin

Ukushoda kwe-Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) yisimo lapho umzimba ungenzi ngokwanele i-AAT, iphrotheni evikela amaphaphu nesibindi ekulimaleni. Isimo singaholela ku-COPD nesifo sesibindi (i-cirrhosis).

I-AAT uhlobo lwamaprotheni abizwa nge-protease inhibitor. I-AAT yenziwa esibindini futhi isebenza ukuvikela amaphaphu nesibindi.

Ukushoda kwe-AAT kusho ukuthi akwanele ngaleli protheni emzimbeni. Kubangelwa ukukhubazeka kwezakhi zofuzo. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kubantu baseYurophu nabaseNyakatho Melika abadabuka e-Europe.

Abantu abadala abanenkinga enkulu ye-AAT bazokwakha i-emphysema, kwesinye isikhathi ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-40. Ukubhema kungakhuphula ubungozi be-emphysema futhi kukwenze kwenzeke ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Izimpawu zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima nangaphandle kokuzikhandla, nezinye izimpawu ze-COPD
• Izimpawu zokuhluleka kwesibindi
• Ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kokuzama
• Ukuqhuma

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kungaveza isifuba esifana nomgqomo, ukushayana, noma ukuncipha kwemisindo yokuphefumula. Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kungasiza nasekuxilongweni:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-AAT
• Imithambo yegazi yegazi
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-CT scan yesifuba
• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo
• Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wamaphaphu

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakusola ukuthi unalesi simo uma uhlakulela:

• I-COPD ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala engama-45
• I-COPD kepha awukaze ubheme noma uvezwe ubuthi
• COPD futhi unomlando womndeni waleso simo
• I-Cirrhosis futhi asikho esinye isizathu esingatholakala
• I-Cirrhosis futhi unomlando womndeni wesifo sesibindi

Ukwelashwa kokushoda kwe-AAT kubandakanya ukufaka esikhundleni samaprotheni alahlekile e-AAT. Amaprotheni anikezwa ngomthambo isonto ngalinye noma njalo emavikini amane. Lokhu kusebenza kancane kuphela ekuvimbeleni ukulimala okwengeziwe kwamaphaphu kubantu ngaphandle kwesifo sokuphela. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa kokwengeza.

Uma ubhema, udinga ukuyeka.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zisetshenziselwa i-COPD ne-cirrhosis.

Ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu kungasetshenziselwa isifo samaphaphu esibi, kanti ukufakelwa kwesibindi kungasetshenziselwa isifo sokuqina kwesibindi.

Abanye abantu abanalokhu kushoda ngeke babe nesifo sesibindi noma samaphaphu. Uma uyeka ukubhema, unganciphisa ukukhula kwesifo samaphaphu.

I-COPD ne-cirrhosis kungasongela impilo.

Izinkinga zokushoda kwe-AAT zifaka:

• I-Bronchiectasis (ukulimala kwemigwaqo yomoya emikhulu)
• Isifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD)
• Ukuhluleka kwesibindi noma umdlavuza

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho uma uthuthukisa izimpawu zokushoda kwe-AAT.

Ukushoda kwe-AAT; Ukushoda kwe-alpha-1 protease; Ukushoda kwe-COPD - alpha-1 antitrypsin; Ukushoda kwe-Cirrhosis - alpha-1 antitrypsin

• Amaphaphu
• I-anatomy yesibindi

UHan MK, uLazaru SC. I-COPD: ukuxilongwa komtholampilo nokuphathwa. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 44.

UHatipoglu U, uStoller JK. ukuntuleka kwe-a1 -antitrypsin. Umtholampilo Chest Med. 2016; 37 (3): 487-504. I-PMID: 27514595 www.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27514595/.

UWinnie GB, uBoas SR. i-a1 -antitrypsin ukuntuleka kanye ne-emphysema. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 421.