I-aneurysm yesisu esiswini

I-aorta yisona sitsha segazi esikhulu esinikeza igazi esiswini, okhalweni nasemilenzeni. I-aneurysm yesisu esiswini yenzeka lapho indawo ye-aorta iba nkulu kakhulu noma ibhaluni liphume.

Imbangela ngqo ye-aneurysm ayaziwa. Kwenzeka ngenxa yobuthakathaka odongeni lomthambo.Izici ezingakhuphula ubungozi bakho bokuba nale nkinga zifaka:

• Ukubhema
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Ubulili besilisa
• Izici zofuzo

I-aneurysm yesisu esiswini ivame ukubonwa kwabesilisa abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60 abanesici esisodwa noma eziningi zobungozi. Lapho i-aneurysm inkulu, maningi amathuba okuthi ivuleke noma idabuke. Lokhu kungasongela impilo.

Ama-Aneurysms angakhula kancane eminyakeni eminingi, imvamisa engenazimpawu. Izimpawu zingavela ngokushesha uma i-aneurysm inwebeka ngokushesha, izinyembezi zivuleka noma zivuza igazi ngaphakathi kodonga lomkhumbi (i-aortic dissection).

Izimpawu zokuqhekeka zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu esiswini noma emuva. Ubuhlungu bungaba bukhulu, ngokuzumayo, buqhubeke, noma bube njalo. Ingasakazekela emgodini, ezinqeni, noma emilenzeni.
• Ukudlula.
• Isikhumba seClammy.
• Isiyezi.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.
• Ukushaqeka.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzohlola isisu sakho futhi ezwe imidumba yemilenze yakho. Umhlinzeki angathola:

• Isigaxa esiswini
• Ukuzwa okushisayo esiswini
• Isisu esiqinile noma esiqinile

Umhlinzeki wakho angathola le nkinga ngokwenza izivivinyo ezilandelayo:

• I-Ultrasound yesisu lapho kusolwa i-aneurysm yesisu
• Ukuhlolwa kwesisu kwe-CT ukuqinisekisa ubukhulu be-aneurysm
• I-CTA (i-computed tomographic angiogram) ukusiza ngokuhlela ukuhlinza

Noma yikuphi kwalokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa lapho unezimpawu.

Ungaba ne-aneurysm yesisu engabangeli zimpawu. Umhlinzeki wakho anga-oda i-ultrasound yesisu ukuthi ihlolwe i-aneurysm.

• Iningi labesilisa abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-65 kuya kwengama-75, asebebhemile ngesikhathi besaphila kufanele babe nalokhu kuhlolwa kanye.
• Abanye besilisa abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-65 kuya kwengama-75, abangakaze babheme phakathi nempilo yabo bangakudinga lokhu kuhlolwa kanye.

Uma wopha ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho kusuka kwi-aortic aneurysm, uzodinga ukuhlinzwa khona manjalo.

Uma i-aneurysm incane futhi azikho izimpawu:

• Ukuhlinzwa akuvamile ukwenziwa.
• Wena nomhlinzeki wakho kufanele ninqume ukuthi ngabe ingozi yokuhlinzwa incane yini kunobungozi bokuphuma kwegazi uma ungahlinzwa.
• Umhlinzeki wakho angafuna ukubheka usayizi we-aneurysm ngokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.

Isikhathi esiningi, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa uma i-aneurysm inkulu kunamasentimitha ama-2 (amasentimitha ama-5) ukunqamula noma ukukhula ngokushesha. Umgomo ukwenza ukuhlinzwa ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izinkinga.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlinzwa:

• Ukulungisa okuvulekile - Kusikwa okukhulu esiswini sakho. Isikebhe esingajwayelekile sithathelwa indawo kufakwa okwenziwe ngezinto ezenziwe ngabantu.
• Ukuxhunyelelwa kwe-endovascular stent - Le nqubo ingenziwa ngaphandle kokwenza ukusika okukhulu esiswini sakho, ngakho-ke ungalulama ngokushesha okukhulu. Lokhu kungaba yindlela ephephile uma unezinye izinkinga ezithile zezokwelapha noma ungumuntu omdala osekhulile. Ukulungiswa kwe-endovascular kwesinye isikhathi kungenziwa nge-aneurysm evuzayo noma eyophayo.

Umphumela uvame ukuba muhle uma uhlinzwa ukuze ulungise i-aneurysm ngaphambi kokuba iqhume.

Lapho i-aortic aneurysm yesisu iqala ukudabuka noma ukuqhekeka, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabahlanu usinda ekuqhekekeni kwesisu esiswini.

Iya egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo noma ushayele ku-911 uma unezinhlungu esiswini noma emhlane okukubi kakhulu noma okungapheli.

Ukunciphisa ubungozi bama-aneurysms:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo enhliziyweni, uvivinye umzimba, uyeke ukubhema (uma ubhema), futhi wehlise ingcindezi.
• Uma unengcindezi ephezulu yegazi noma isifo sikashukela, thatha imithi yakho njengoba umhlinzeki ekutshele.

Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 abake babhema kufanele babe ne-ultrasound yokuhlola eyenziwe kanye.

I-aneurysm - i-aortic; I-AAA

• Ukulungiswa kwe-aortic aneurysm esiswini - ukuvula - ukukhipha
• Ukulungiswa kwe-aortic aneurysm - endovascular - discharge

• Ukuqhuma kwe-aorta - i-x-ray yesifuba
• I-aortic aneurysm

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UColwell CB, uFox CJ. I-aneurysm yesisu esiswini. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 76.

LeFevre ML; I-U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ukuhlolwa kwe-aneurysm yesisu: Isitatimende sezincomo se-US Preventive Services Task Force. U-Ann Intern Med. 2014; 161 (4): 281-290. I-PMID: 24957320 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24957320.

I-Woo EW, iDamrauer SM. Ama-aneurysms esisu esiswini: ukwelashwa okuvulekile okuhlinzekwayo. Ku: Sidawy AN, Perler BA, ama-eds. Rutherford’s Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 71.