Ama-polyps amakhemikhali

I-polyp colorectal ukukhula emgqeni wekholoni noma i-rectum.

Ama-polyps we-colon ne-rectum avame ukuba nobungozi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abawona umdlavuza. Ungaba ne-polyp eyodwa noma eziningi. Zivame kakhulu ngokuguga. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-polyps.

Polyp Adenomatous - uhlobo ezivamile. Kukhula okufana nezindlala okukhula kulwelwesi lwamafinyila olumatisa amathumbu amakhulu. Zibizwa nangokuthi i-adenomas futhi zivame kakhulu kokulandelayo:

• I-polyp Tubular, ephumela ngaphandle ku-lumen (indawo evulekile) yekoloni
• IVillous adenoma, kwesinye isikhathi eyisicaba futhi esakazekayo, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ibe ngumdlavuza

Lapho i-adenomas iba nomdlavuza, yaziwa njenge-adenocarcinomas. I-Adenocarcinomas yimidlavuza evela kumaseli wezicubu eziyindlala. I-Adenocarcinoma uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lomdlavuza wobala.

Ezinye izinhlobo zama-polyps yilezi:

• Ama-polyp polyps, okungajwayelekile, uma kwenzeka, eba ngumdlavuza
• Ama-polyps afakiwe, angajwayelekile kakhulu, kepha angakhula abe ngumdlavuza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi

Ama-polyps amakhulu kunesentimitha elingu-1 (cm) anobungozi obukhulu bomdlavuza kunama-polyps amancane kuno-1 sentimitha. Izici zobungozi zifaka:

• Ubudala
• Umlando womndeni womdlavuza wekoloni noma ama-polyps
• Uhlobo lwe-polyp olubizwa nge-villous adenoma

Inani elincane labantu abane-polyps nalo lingaxhunyaniswa nezinye izifo ezizuzwe njengefa, kufaka phakathi:

• I-adenomatous polyposis (FAP) ejwayelekile
• I-Gardner syndrome (uhlobo lwe-FAP)
• I-juvenile polyposis (isifo esibangela ukukhula okuningi okuhle emathunjini, imvamisa ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-20 ubudala)
• I-Lynch syndrome (i-HNPCC, isifo esiphakamisa amathuba ezinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza, kufaka phakathi amathumbu)
• I-Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (isifo esibangela ama-polyps emathunjini, imvamisa emathunjini amancane futhi kuvame ukuba nobungozi)

Ama-polyps ngokuvamile awanazo izimpawu. Uma zikhona, izimpawu zingafaka:

• Igazi ezitulweni
• Shintsha umkhuba wamathumbu
• Ukukhathala okubangelwa ukulahlekelwa yigazi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba. I-polyp enkulu ku-rectum ingazwakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-rectal.

Ama-polyps amaningi atholakala ngezivivinyo ezilandelayo:

• I-Barium enema (akuvamile ukwenziwa)
• Colonoscopy
• I-Sigmoidoscopy
• Ukuhlolwa kwendle kwegazi elifihlekile (lemilingo)
• I-colonoscopy ebonakalayo
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Stool DNA
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Fecal immunochemical (FIT)

Ama-polyps amakhemikhali kufanele asuswe ngoba amanye angakhula abe ngumdlavuza. Ezimweni eziningi, ama-polyps angasuswa ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy.

Kubantu abanama-polyp adenomatous, ama-polyps amasha angavela ngokuzayo. Kufanele ube ne-colonoscopy ephindayo, imvamisa iminyaka eyi-1 kuye kwengu-10 ngokuya:

• Iminyaka yakho nempilo ejwayelekile
• Inombolo yama-polyp onawo
• Usayizi nohlobo lwama-polyps
• Umlando womndeni wama-polyps noma umdlavuza

Ezimweni ezingavamile, lapho ama-polyps kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi aphenduke umdlavuza noma abe makhulu kakhulu ukuthi angasuswa ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy, umhlinzeki uzoncoma i-colectomy. Lokhu ukuhlinzwa ukususa ingxenye yekholoni enama-polyps.

Umbono muhle kakhulu uma ama-polyps esuswa. Ama-polyps angasuswanga angakhula abe ngumdlavuza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma une:

• Igazi ngokunyakaza kwamathumbu
• Shintsha imikhuba yamathumbu

Ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuthuthukisa ama-polyps:

• Yidla ukudla okungenamafutha amaningi futhi udle izithelo eziningi, imifino kanye nefayibha.
• Ungabhemi futhi ungaphuzi utshwala ngokweqile.
• Gcina isisindo somzimba esijwayelekile.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo.

Umhlinzeki wakho anga-oda i-colonoscopy noma olunye uvivinyo lokuhlola:

• Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ukuvimbela umdlavuza wekoloni ngokuthola nokususa ama-polyps ngaphambi kokuba abe umdlavuza. Lokhu kunganciphisa amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wekoloni, noma okungenani kusize ukuwuthola esigabeni eselapheka kakhulu.
• Abantu abaningi kufanele baqale lezi zivivinyo beneminyaka engama-50. Labo abanomlando womndeni womdlavuza wekoloni noma ama-colon polyps bangadinga ukuhlolwa kusenesikhathi noma ngaphezulu.

Ukuthatha i-aspirin, i-naproxen, i-ibuprofen, noma imithi efanayo kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubungozi bama-polyps amasha. Yazi ukuthi le mithi ingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu uma iphuzwa isikhathi eside. Imiphumela emibi ibandakanya ukopha esiswini noma koloni nesifo senhliziyo. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha le mithi.

Ama-polyps emathunjini; Ama-polyps - umbala omhlophe; Ama-polyps adenomatous; Ama-polyps amaningi; I-adenomas evuthayo; Polyp Serrated; Adenoma Serrated; Ama-polyps anomdlavuza; Umdlavuza wekoloni - ama-polyps; Ukopha - ama-polyps amhlophe

• Colonoscopy
• Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla

Ikomidi Lezinkombandlela Zomtholampilo E-American College of Physicians. Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza omnyama kubantu abadala abanobungozi obulinganiselwe: isitatimende esiqondisayo esivela e-American College of Physicians. U-Ann Intern Med. 2019; 171 (9): 643-654. kushicilelwe.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31683290.

UGarber JJ, uChung DC. Ama-polyp polyps nama-polyposis syndromes. Ku: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, ama-eds. Sleisenger kanye neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 126.

Iwebhusayithi ye-National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Imikhombandlela ye-NCCN yokwenza imitholampilo ku-oncology (imihlahlandlela ye-NCCN): ukuhlolwa komdlavuza obala kakhulu. Inguqulo 1.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon.pdf. Kubuyekezwe uMeyi 6, 2020. Kufinyelelwe ngoJuni 10, 2020.

URex DK, uBoland CR, uDominitz JA, et al. Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza we-Colorectal: izincomo zodokotela neziguli ezivela e-U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. NginguJ Gastroenterol. 2017; 112 (7): 1016-1030. I-PMID: 28555630 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28555630.