Isifo semfihlo se-antidiuretic hormone esingalungile

I-Syndrome ye-antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) eyisimo lapho umzimba wenza khona i-hormone elwa kakhulu ne-antidiuretic (ADH). Le hormone isiza izinso ukulawula inani lamanzi alahlekelwa ngumzimba wakho ngomchamo. ISIADH ibangela ukuthi umzimba ugcine amanzi amaningi.

I-ADH yinto ekhiqizwa ngokwemvelo endaweni yobuchopho ebizwa nge-hypothalamus. Bese ikhishwa yindlala yamapayipi engxenyeni yobuchopho.

Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani umzimba udinga ukwenza i-ADH eningi. Izimo ezijwayelekile lapho i-ADH ikhishelwa egazini lapho kufanele ingakhiqizwa (engafanele) ifaka:

• Imithi, efana nohlobo oluthile lwemithi yesifo sikashukela, imishanguzo yokuthwebula, imishanguzo yokulwa nengcindezi, izidakamizwa zenhliziyo nengcindezi yegazi, izidakamizwa zomdlavuza, i-anesthesia
• Ukuhlinzwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile
• Ukuphazamiseka kobuchopho, njengokulimala, ukutheleleka, ukushaywa unhlangothi
• Ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho esifundeni se-hypothalamus
• Isifo samaphaphu, njenge-pneumonia, isifo sofuba, umdlavuza, izifo ezingalapheki

Izimbangela eziningi zifaka:

• Izifo ezingavamile ze-hypothalamus noma i-pituitary
• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu, amathumbu amancane, amanyikwe, ubuchopho, i-leukemia
• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo

Nge-SIADH, umchamo ugxile kakhulu. Akukhishwa amanzi anele futhi kunamanzi amaningi kakhulu egazini. Lokhu kunciphisa izinto eziningi egazini njenge-sodium. Izinga eliphansi le-sodium yiyona imbangela evame kakhulu yezimpawu ze-ADH eningi kakhulu.

Imvamisa, azikho izimpawu ezivela ezingeni eliphansi le-sodium.

Uma izimpawu zenzeka, zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Izinkinga ngebhalansi engaholela ekuweni
• Izinguquko zengqondo, njengokudideka, izinkinga zememori, isimilo esingajwayelekile
• Ukuquleka noma ikhoma, ezimweni ezinzima

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba ukusiza ukuthola imbangela yezimpawu zakho.

Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu okungaqinisekisa nokusiza ukuxilonga i-sodium ephansi kufaka:

• Iphaneli yemethodi ephelele (kufaka phakathi i-sodium yegazi)
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-Osmolality
• Umchamo osmolality
• I-sodium yomchamo
• I-Toxicology izikrini zemithi ethile
• Ungadinga izifundo zokucabanga ezenzelwe amaphaphu amancane nobuchopho Amaphaphu nokuhlolwa kwe-imaging yobuchopho ezinganeni ezisolwa ngokuba ne-SIADH

Ukwelashwa kuya ngesizathu senkinga. Isibonelo, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ukuze kususwe isimila esikhiqiza i-ADH. Noma, uma umuthi uyimbangela, isilinganiso sawo singashintshwa noma omunye umuthi ungazama.

Kuzo zonke izimo, isinyathelo sokuqala ukukhawulela ukungena kuketshezi. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela uketshezi oluningi ekwakheni emzimbeni. Umhlinzeki wakho uzokutshela ukuthi inani lakho lokudla uketshezi nsuku zonke kufanele libe yini.

Imithi ingadingeka ukuvimba imiphumela ye-ADH ezinso ukuze amanzi amaningi akhiphe izinso. Le mithi inganikezwa njengamaphilisi noma imijovo efakwa emithanjeni (emithanjeni).

Umphumela uncike esimweni esidala inkinga. I-sodium ephansi eyenzeka ngokushesha, ngamahora angaphansi kwama-48 (i-acute hyponatremia), iyingozi kakhulu kune-sodium ephansi ekhula kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lapho izinga le-sodium lehla kancane ngaphezu kwezinsuku noma amasonto (i-hyponatremia engapheli), amangqamuzana obuchopho anesikhathi sokulungisa futhi izimpawu ezinzima ezifana nokuvuvukala kobuchopho azenzeki. I-hyponatremia engapheli ihlotshaniswa nezinkinga zesistimu yezinzwa ezinjengebhalansi engemihle nenkumbulo embi. Izimbangela eziningi ze-SIADH ziyahlehliswa.

Ezimweni ezinzima, i-sodium ephansi ingaholela ku:

• Ukwehla ukwazi, ukubona izinto ezingekho kahle noma ikhoma
• Ukuqothulwa kobuchopho
• Ukufa

Lapho izinga lomzimba wakho le-sodium lehla kakhulu, kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo esisongela ukuphila. Shayela umhlinzeki wakho ngokushesha uma unezimpawu zalesi simo.

SIADH; Uketshezi olungafanele lwe-hormone elwa namagciwane; Isifo sokukhishwa okungafanele kwe-ADH; Isifo se-antidiuresis esingafanele

UHannon MJ, uThompson CJ. IVasopressin, isifo sikashukela insipidus, kanye nesifo se-antidiuresis esingafanele. Ku: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, abahleli. I-Endocrinology: Eyabantu Abadala Neyengane. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 18.

I-Verbalis JG. Ukuphazamiseka kokulinganisela kwamanzi. Ku: Skorecki K, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Taal MW, Yu ASL, ama-eds. IBrenner neRector's The Kidney. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 16.