Umkhuba kaRaynaud

Isimo seRaynaud yisimo lapho amazinga okushisa abandayo noma imizwa enamandla ibangela ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kuvimba ukugeleza kwegazi liye eminweni, ezinzwaneni, ezindlebeni, nasemakhaleni.

Umkhuba kaRaynaud ubizwa nge- "primary" uma ungaxhunyaniswa nesinye isifo. Imvamisa iqala kakhulu kwabesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka yobudala engama-30. Isimo se-Secondary Raynaud sixhunyaniswe nezinye izimo futhi imvamisa senzeka kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-30.

Izimbangela ezijwayelekile zomkhuba wesibili weRaynaud yilezi:

• Izifo zemithambo yegazi (njenge-atherosclerosis kanye nesifo se-Buerger)
• Izidakamizwa ezibangela ukuncipha kwemithambo (njengama-amphetamine, izinhlobo ezithile ze-beta-blockers, eminye imishanguzo yomdlavuza, imishanguzo ethile esetshenziselwa ikhanda le-migraine)
• Izimo ze-arthritis nezizimele (njenge-scleroderma, i-Sjögren syndrome, i-rheumatoid arthritis, ne-systemic lupus erythematosus)
• Izinkinga ezithile zegazi, njengesifo se-agglutinin esibandayo noma i-cryoglobulinemia
  
• Ukulimala okuphindaphindiwe noma ukusetshenziswa okufana nokusetshenziswa okunzima kwamathuluzi esandla noma imishini yokudlidliza
• Ukubhema
• Isithwathwa
• I-Thoracic outlet syndrome

Ukuvezwa kwemizwa ebandayo noma enamandla kuletha ushintsho.

• Okokuqala, iminwe, izinzwane, izindlebe, noma ikhala kuba mhlophe, bese kuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Iminwe iyathinteka kakhulu, kepha izinzwane, izindlebe noma ikhala nakho kungashintsha umbala.
• Lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kubuya, indawo iba bomvu bese kuthi kamuva ibuyele kumbala ojwayelekile.
• Ukuhlaselwa kungathatha imizuzu kuya emahoreni.

Abantu abanesimo esiyinhloko sikaRaynaud banezinkinga eminweni efanayo ezinhlangothini zombili. Abantu abaningi abanabo ubuhlungu obukhulu. Isikhumba sezingalo noma semilenze siveza amabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lokhu kuyaphela lapho isikhumba sifudunyezwa.

Abantu abanesimo sesibili seRaynaud maningi amathuba okuba babe nobuhlungu noma bancikilike eminweni. Izilonda ezibuhlungu zingakheka eminweni ethintekile uma ukuhlaselwa kukubi kakhulu.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uvame ukuthola isimo esidala isimo sikaRaynaud ngokukubuza imibuzo nangokuhlola umzimba.

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kufaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwemithambo yegazi ezandleni zomuntu usebenzisa i-lens ekhethekile ebizwa nge-nailfold capillary microscopy
• I-Vascular ultrasound
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukubheka izimo ze-arthritic kanye ne-autoimmune ezingadala into kaRaynaud

Ukuthatha lezi zinyathelo kungasiza ukulawula into kaRaynaud:

• Gcina umzimba ufudumele. Gwema ukuchayeka emakhazeni nganoma yiluphi uhlobo. Gqoka ama-mittens noma amagilavu ​​ngaphandle nalapho uphatha iqhwa noma ukudla okubandayo. Gwema ukubanda, okungenzeka ngemuva kwanoma yimuphi umdlalo wokuzilibazisa osebenzayo.
• Yeka ukubhema. Ukubhema kubangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi inciphe nakakhulu.
• Gwema i-caffeine.
• Gwema ukuthatha imishanguzo eyenza imithambo yegazi iqine noma ichithe.
• Gqoka izicathulo ezikahle, ezivulekile namasokisi woboya. Uma ungaphandle, hlala ugqoke izicathulo.

Umhlinzeki wakho anganikeza imithi yokwelula izindonga zemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukhilimu we-nitroglycerin oyisihloko owugcoba esikhunjeni sakho, izivimbeli zesiteshi se-calcium, i-sildenafil (i-Viagra), ne-ACE inhibitors.

I-aspirin yedosi ephansi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvimbela amahlule egazi.

Ngesifo esibi (njengalapho i-gangrene iqala eminweni noma ezinzwaneni), imithi efakwa emithanjeni ingasetshenziswa. Ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa futhi ukusika izinzwa ezibangela ukuqhuma emithanjeni yegazi. Abantu bavame ukungeniswa ezibhedlela uma isimo sibucayi kanjena.

Kubalulekile ukwelapha isimo esibangela into kaRaynaud.

Umphumela uyehluka. Kuya ngombangela wenkinga nokuthi kubi kangakanani.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• I-gangrene noma izilonda zesikhumba kungenzeka uma umthambo uvinjelwa ngokuphelele. Le nkinga kungenzeka kakhulu kubantu abane-arthritis noma izimo ezizimele.
• Iminwe ingahle ibe mincanyana futhi ithanjiswe ngesikhumba esicwebezelayo esikhanyayo nezinzipho ezikhula kancane.Lokhu kungenxa yokungahambi kahle kwegazi ezindaweni.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Unomlando wesimo sikaRaynaud kanti ingxenye yomzimba ethintekile (isandla, unyawo, noma enye ingxenye) iyangenwa noma ibe nesilonda.
• Iminwe yakho ishintsha umbala, ikakhulukazi emhlophe noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, lapho kubanda.
• Iminwe yakho noma izinzwane ziba mnyama noma isikhumba sonakele.
• Unesilonda esikhunjeni sezinyawo zakho noma sezandla esingapholi.
• Unomkhuhlane, amalunga avuvukile noma abuhlungu, noma ukuqubuka kwesikhumba.

Isimo sikaRaynaud; Isifo sikaRaynaud

• Isimo sikaRaynaud
• Uhlelo lupus erythematosus
• Uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi

IGiglia JS. Isimo sikaRaynaud. Ku: UCameron JL, uCameron AM, ama-eds. Ukwelashwa Kwamanje. Umhla ka-12. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: 1047-1052.

Landry GJ. Umkhuba kaRaynaud. Ku: Sidawy AN, Perler BA, ama-eds. Rutherford’s Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 141.

URoustit M, uGiai J, uGaget O, et al. Okufunwayo uSildenafil njengokwelashwa kukaRaynaud Phenomenon: uchungechunge lwezilingo ze-n-of-1. U-Ann Intern Med. 2018; 169 (10): 694-703. I-PMID: 30383134 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30383134.

I-Stringer T, i-Femia AN. Isimo sikaRaynaud: imiqondo yamanje. Umtholampilo Dermatol. 2018; 36 (4): 498-507. I-PMID: 30047433 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30047433.