Ukumpontshelwa igazi

Kunezizathu eziningi ongadinga ukumpontshelwa igazi:

• Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ngamadolo noma okhalweni, noma okunye ukuhlinzwa okukhulu okuholela ekonakaleni kwegazi
• Ngemuva kokulimala kanzima okwenza ukopha okuningi
• Lapho umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukwenza igazi elanele

Ukumpontshelwa igazi kuyindlela ephephile nejwayelekile lapho uthola khona igazi ngomugqa ofakwa ngaphakathi (IV) obekwe komunye wemithambo yegazi lakho. Kuthatha ihora eli-1 kuya kwele-4 ukwamukela igazi, kuya ngokuthi ulidinga kangakanani.

Kunemithombo eminingi yegazi, echazwe ngezansi.

Umthombo wegazi ovame kakhulu uvela kumavolontiya emphakathini jikelele. Lolu hlobo lomnikelo lubizwa nangokuthi umnikelo wegazi wabantu.

Imiphakathi eminingi inebhange legazi lapho noma imuphi umuntu ophilile anganikela ngegazi. Leli gazi lihlolwe ukuthi liyafana yini nelakho.

Kungenzeka wake wafunda ngengozi yokungenwa yi-hepatitis, i-HIV, noma amanye amagciwane ngemuva kokumpontshelwa igazi. Ukumpontshelwa igazi akuphephile ngo-100%. Kodwa ukutholakala kwegazi okukhona manje kucatshangwa ukuthi kuphephe manje kunanini ngaphambili. Igazi elinikelwe lihlolelwa izifo eziningi ezahlukahlukene. Futhi, izikhungo zegazi zigcina uhlu lwabanikeli abangaphephile.

Abanikeli baphendula uhlu oluningiliziwe lwemibuzo mayelana nempilo yabo ngaphambi kokuba bavunyelwe ukunikela. Imibuzo ifaka izinto ezinobungozi ezifweni ezingadluliselwa ngegazi labo, njengemikhuba yezocansi, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, nomlando wamanje wokuhamba nowedlule. Leli gazi bese lihlolwe izifo ezithathelwanayo ngaphambi kokuba livunyelwe ukusetshenziswa.

Le ndlela ifaka phakathi ilungu lomndeni noma umngani onikela ngegazi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okuhleliwe. Leli gazi libe selibekelwa eceleni futhi ligcinelwe wena kuphela, uma udinga ukumpontshelwa igazi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Igazi elivela kulaba banikeli kumele liqoqwe okungenani ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuthi lidingeke. Igazi lihlolwe ukuthi liyafana yini nelakho. Iphinde ihlolwe ukutheleleka.

Isikhathi esiningi, udinga ukuhlela nesibhedlela sakho noma ibhange legazi lasendaweni ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho ukuthi uqondise igazi lomnikeli.

Kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi abukho ubufakazi bokuthi ukuthola igazi kumalungu omndeni noma kubangani kuphephe ngaphezu kokuthola igazi elivela emphakathini. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, noma kunjalo, igazi elivela emalungwini omndeni lingadala isimo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-graft-versus-host disease. Ngalesi sizathu, igazi lidinga ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngaphambi kokuthi lifakwe.

Yize igazi elinikelwe umphakathi jikelele futhi lisetshenziselwa abantu abaningi kucatshangwa ukuthi liphephe kakhulu, abanye abantu bakhetha indlela ebizwa ngokuthi ukunikela ngegazi kwe-autologous.

Igazi le-Autologous yigazi onikele ngalo, olithola kamuva uma udinga ukumpontshelwa ngesikhathi noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

• Ungathathwa igazi kusuka emavikini ayisithupha kuye ezinsukwini ezinhlanu ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho.
• Igazi lakho liyagcinwa futhi lihle amasonto ambalwa ukusuka osukwini eqoqwe ngalo.
• Uma igazi lakho lingasetshenziswanga phakathi nokuhlinzwa noma ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, lizolahlwa.

UHsu Y-MS, uNess PM, uCushing MM. Izimiso zokudluliswa kwegazi elibomvu. Ku: Hoffman R, Benz EJ Jr, Silberstein LE, et al, abahleli. I-Hematology: Izimiso Eziyisisekelo Nokuzijwayeza. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 111.

UMiller RD. Ukwelashwa kwegazi. Ku: Pardo MC, Miller RD, ama-eds. Izisekelo ze-Anesthesia. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 24.

Iwebhusayithi ye-U.S.Ukudla Nezidakamizwa. Imikhiqizo yegazi neyegazi. www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/blood-blood-products. Kubuyekezwe ngoMashi 28, 2019. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Agasti 5, 2019.

• Ukumpontshelwa Igazi Nomnikelo