Kukhulisa umzuzu wakho wokufundisa

Lapho usuhlole izidingo zesiguli futhi wakhetha izinto zokufunda nezindlela ozozisebenzisa, uzodinga:

• Misa indawo enhle yokufunda. Lokhu kungafaka izinto njengokulungisa ukukhanya ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isiguli sinenani elidingekayo lobumfihlo.
• Naka indlela oziphatha ngayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukwamukela ithoni efanele yezwi nokwenza inani elifanele lokuxhumana ngamehlo (ngokuya ngezidingo zamasiko). Kubalulekile futhi ukugwema ukwahlulela futhi ungasheshi isiguli. Qiniseka ukuthi uhlala phansi eduze kwesiguli.
• Qhubeka uhlolisise ukukhathazeka kwesiguli sakho nokulungela ukufunda. Qhubeka nokulalela kahle futhi ufunde izimpawu zesiguli zomlomo nezingaqondile.
• Hlukana nezithiyo. Lokhu kungafaka imizwa efana nentukuthelo, ukwenqaba, ukukhathazeka, noma ukucindezeleka; izinkolelo nezimo zengqondo ezingahambelani nokufunda; ubuhlungu; ukugula okunamandla; ukwehluka kolimi noma kwamasiko; ukulinganiselwa komzimba; nokungafani kokufunda.

Zama ukufaka umuntu ogulayo nosekelayo lapho kufaneleka njengabalingani eqenjini lokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Imininingwane namakhono isiguli esifundayo kuzothuthukisa ikhono lokwenza izinqumo ezikahle zezempilo.

Siza isiguli sifunde ukuthi singakhuluma kanjani ngezinkinga zomuntu siqu zezempilo nezokwelapha futhi sixoxe ngalokho okudingekayo ukusiza ukuphatha isimo samanje futhi uzizwe ungcono. Lapho isiguli sazi okufanele sikubike, okufanele sigxile kukho, nokuthi singabuza kanjani imibuzo lapho sikhuluma nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo, singaba umlingani okhuthele kakhulu ekunakekelweni.

Ngemuva kokuthuthukisa uhlelo lwakho usukulungele ukuqala ukufundisa.

Khumbula ukuthi uzothola imiphumela emihle kakhulu lapho uhlangabezana nezidingo zesiguli. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele - lowo mzuzu ongafundiseka. Uma ufundisa kuphela ngesikhathi esilingana nesimiso sakho, imizamo yakho ingahle ingasebenzi ngempumelelo.

Akunakwenzeka ukuthi uzoba nesikhathi sonke ongathanda ukusifundisa ngesineke. Kungasiza ukunikeza isiguli sakho izinsiza ezibhaliwe noma ezibukwayo ngaphambi komhlangano wakho. Lokhu kungasiza ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwesiguli futhi konge isikhathi. Inketho yokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakusebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi izoncika ezidingweni zesiguli sakho kanye nezinsizakusebenza onazo.

Khuluma ngazo zonke izihloko ezizofakwa bese usetha izikhathi ezibekiwe. Isibonelo, ungathi, "Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezilandelayo noma ukuvakashelwa sizobheka lezi zihloko ezi-5, futhi sizoqala ngalezi." Isiguli sakho singavuma, noma isiguli singase siveze isifiso esinamandla sokuphuma ku-oda, ngokususelwa kokukhathazayo okubonakalayo noma kwangempela.

Nikeza ukufundisa ngesineke ngeziqephu ezincane. Gwema ukulayisha ngokweqile isiguli sakho. Isibonelo, uma isiguli sakho sizimisele ukuzama kuphela izinguquko ezi-2 zendlela yokuphila oyiphakamisayo, shiya umnyango uvulekele izinkulumo ezengeziwe ngezinye izinguquko.

Uma ufundisa amakhono athile esigulini sakho, hlola ubuchule besiguli bekhono lokuqala ngaphambi kokudlulela kwelilandelayo. Futhi hlala uqaphele imigoqo isiguli sakho esingabhekana nayo ekhaya.

Khuluma ngokumele ukwenze uma isimo sesiguli sishintsha. Lokhu kuzosiza isiguli ukuthi sizizwe silawula kakhudlwana futhi sizwe ukubambisana okukhulu kunqubo yaso yokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Okokugcina, khumbula ukuthi izinyathelo ezincane zingcono kunezinye.

Lapho ufundisa ikhono elisha, cela isiguli sakho ukuthi sibonise ikhono elisha ukuze uhlole ukuqonda nokusebenza.

Sebenzisa indlela yokubuyisela emuva ukuhlola ukuthi usebenza kanjani njengothisha. Le ndlela ibizwa nangokuthi indlela yokubonisa, noma ukuvala iluphu. Kuyindlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi usichazelile isiguli sakho lokho okudingeka sikwazi ngendlela eqondakalayo. Le ndlela ingakusiza futhi ukuthi ubone amasu awusizo kakhulu ekuqondeni kweziguli.

Gcina wazi ukuthi ukufundisa-emuva akulona uvivinyo lolwazi lwesiguli. Kuyisivivinyo sokuthi uluchaze noma ulufundise kahle kangakanani ulwazi noma ikhono. Sebenzisa ukufundisa emuva nazo zonke iziguli - lezo ozizwa unesiqiniseko esithile siziqondile kanye nesiguli esibonakala sithwala kanzima.

Njengoba ufundisa, nikeza ukuqiniswa kokufunda.

• Qinisekisa umzamo wesiguli sakho wokufunda.
• Vuma lapho isiguli sakho sinqobe inselelo ethile.
• Nikeza amacebo, amathiphu, namasu owaqoqe kwezinye iziguli.
• Yazisa iziguli zakho ukuthi zingabiza bani uma imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka kuvela kamuva.
• Yabelana ngohlu lwamawebhusayithi athenjiwe, futhi unikele ngokudluliselwa ezinhlanganweni, amaqembu okusekela, noma ezinye izinsiza.
• Buyekeza lokho okuhlanganisile, bese ubuza njalo ukuthi isiguli sakho sineminye imibuzo. Ukucela isiguli ukuthi sidlulise izindawo ezithile lapho kusengaba khona imibuzo (isibonelo, "unamiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka onakho?" Kuzokunikeza imininingwane ethe xaxa ebuza nje ukuthi "Uneminye imibuzo?")

UBowman D, uCushing A. Izimiso zokuhle, umthetho kanye nokuxhumana. Ku: Kumar P, Clark M, ama-eds. Imitholampilo kaKumar noClarke. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 1.

IBukstein DA. Ukubambelela kwesineke nokuxhumana okusebenzayo. Ann Ukungezwani komzimba ne-Asthma Immunol. 2016; 117 (6): 613-619. I-PMID: 27979018 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27979018.

UGilligan T, uCoyle N, uFrankel RM, et al. Ukuxhumana kweziguli nomtholampilo: I-American Society Of Clinical Oncology isiqondiso sokuvumelana. J Clin Oncol. 2017; 35 (31): 3618-3632. I-PMID: 28892432 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28892432.