Angioedema

I-Angioedema ukuvuvukala okufana nesifuba, kepha ukuvuvukala kungaphansi kwesikhumba esikhundleni sobuso.

Isifuba sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-welts. Ukuvuvukala komhlaba. Kungenzeka ube ne-angioedema ngaphandle kwesifuba.

I-Angioedema ingabangelwa ukusabela okweqile. Ngesikhathi sokuphendula, i-histamine namanye amakhemikhali akhishwa egazini. Umzimba ukhipha i-histamine lapho amasosha omzimba ethola into yangaphandle ebizwa nge-allergen.

Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela ye-angioedema ayitholakali.

Okulandelayo kungadala i-angioedema:

• I-Animal dander (izikali zesikhumba esichithekile)
• Ukuvezwa ngamanzi, ukukhanya kwelanga, ukubanda noma ukushisa
• Ukudla (okufana namajikijolo, i-shellfish, inhlanzi, amantongomane, amaqanda nobisi)
• Ukulunywa izinambuzane
• Imithi (ukungezwani komzimba nezidakamizwa) njengama-antibiotic (i-penicillin nezidakamizwa ze-sulfa), izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID), nemithi yomfutho wegazi (i-ACE inhibitors)
• Impova

I-Hives ne-angioedema nayo ingenzeka ngemuva kokutheleleka noma ngezinye izifo (kufaka phakathi ukuphazamiseka okuzenzakalelayo njenge-lupus, ne-leukemia ne-lymphoma).

Ifomu le-angioedema ligijima emindenini futhi linezimbangela ezahlukahlukene, ubunzima, kanye nokwelashwa. Lokhu kubizwa nge-angioedema yefa.

Uphawu oluyinhloko ukuvuvukala okungazelelwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ama-Welts noma ukuvuvukala ebusweni besikhumba nakho kungakhula.

Ukuvuvukala kuvame ukwenzeka eduze kwamehlo nezindebe. Ingatholakala futhi ezandleni, ezinyaweni, nasemphinjeni. Ukuvuvukala kungakha umugqa noma kusabalale kakhulu.

Ama-welts abuhlungu futhi angahle alume. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi isifuba (urticaria). Ziyaphaphatheka futhi ziyavuvukala uma zicasukile. Ukuvuvukala okujulile kwe-angioedema nakho kungaba buhlungu.

Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukuqunjelwa esiswini
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Amehlo avuvukile nomlomo
• Ulwelwesi lokuvuvukala kwamehlo (chemosis)

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzobheka isikhumba sakho abuze ukuthi ngabe uke wachayeka yini ezintweni ezicasulayo. Uma umphimbo wakho uthintekile, ukuhlolwa komzimba kungaveza imisindo engajwayelekile (i-stridor) lapho uphefumula.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba kunga-odwa.

Izimpawu ezimnene kungenzeka zingadingi ukwelashwa. Izimpawu ezilinganiselwe nezimbi zingadinga ukwelashwa. Ubunzima bokuphefumula yisimo esiphuthumayo.

Abantu abane-angioedema kufanele:

• Gwema noma iyiphi i-allergen eyaziwayo noma i-trigger edala izimpawu zayo.
• Gwema noma yimiphi imithi, amakhambi, noma izithasiselo ezinganikezwa umhlinzeki.

Ukucindezela okupholile noma ukugcwala kungabudambisa ubuhlungu.

Imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-angioedema ifaka phakathi:

• Ama-antihistamine
• Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala (i-corticosteroids)
• Ukudutshulwa kwe-Epinephrine (abantu abanomlando wezimpawu ezinzima bangaziphatha nabo)
• Faka imishanguzo esiza ukuvula imigwaqo yomoya

Uma umuntu enenkinga yokuphefumula, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ukuvaleka komoya okuqinile okusongela ukuphila kungenzeka uma umphimbo uvuvuka.

I-Angioedema engathinti ukuphefumula ingahle ingakhululeki. Imvamisa ayinangozi futhi iyahamba ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• I-Angioedema ayiphenduli ekwelashweni
• Kunzima
• Awukaze ube ne-angioedema ngaphambili

Iya egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo noma ushayele inombolo yendawo ephuthumayo (efana ne-911) uma kukhona lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ukuphefumula okungavamile kuzwakala
• Kunzima ukuphefumula noma ukuphefumula
• Ukuquleka

I-edema ye-Angioneurotic; Isi-Welts; Ukusabela okweqile - i-angioedema; Isifuba - angioedema

IBarkdale AN, uMuelleman RL. Ukungezwani komzimba, i-hypersensitivity, ne-anaphylaxis. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 109.

I-Dinulos JGH. I-Urticaria, i-angioedema, ne-pruritus. Ku: I-Dinulos JGH, ed.IHabif's Clinical Dermatology. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 6.

IDreskin SC. I-Urticaria ne-angioedema. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 237.