Ukwelashwa kwe-Photodynamic yomdlavuza

I-Photodynamic therapy (PDT) isebenzisa umuthi kanye nohlobo olukhethekile lokukhanya ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Okokuqala, udokotela ujova umuthi omuncwa amaseli emzimbeni wonke. Isidakamizwa sihlala kumaseli omdlavuza isikhathi eside kunokuhlala kumaseli ajwayelekile, anempilo.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-1 kuye kwezi-3, umuthi usukile kumaseli aphilile, kepha uhlala kumaseli womdlavuza. Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela uqondisa ukukhanya kumaseli womdlavuza esebenzisa i-laser noma omunye umthombo wokukhanya. Ukukhanya kudala umuthi ukuthi ukhiqize uhlobo lomoya-mpilo olapha umdlavuza ngo:

• Ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza
• Ukulimaza amaseli egazi ku-tumor
• Ukusiza uhlelo lokulwa nokutheleleka komzimba kuhlasela isimila

Ukukhanya kungavela kwi-laser noma komunye umthombo. Ukukhanya kuvame ukufakwa ngeshubhu encane, ekhanyisiwe efakwa ngaphakathi komzimba. Imicu emincane ekugcineni kwethubhu iqondisa ukukhanya kumaseli womdlavuza. I-PDT ilapha umdlavuza ku:

• Amaphaphu, esebenzisa i-bronchoscope
• I-Esophagus, isebenzisa i-endoscopy ephezulu

Odokotela basebenzisa ama-diode-emitting diode (ama-LED) ukwelapha umdlavuza wesikhumba. Imithi ibekwa esikhunjeni, futhi ukukhanya kuyakhanya esikhunjeni.

Olunye uhlobo lwe-PDT lusebenzisa umshini ukuqoqa igazi lomuntu, elibe selelashwa ngomuthi lize likhanyiselwe ukukhanya. Ngemuva kwalokho, igazi libuyiselwa kumuntu. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimpawu zohlobo oluthile lwe-lymphoma.

I-PDT inezinzuzo eziningana. Isibonelo, it:

• Ikhomba kuphela amangqamuzana omdlavuza, hhayi amaseli ajwayelekile
• Ingaphindwa kaningi endaweni efanayo, ngokungafani nokwelashwa ngemisebe
• Kuyingozi encane kunokuhlinzwa
• Kuthatha isikhathi esincane futhi kubiza ngaphansi kunezinye izindlela eziningi zokwelashwa komdlavuza

Kepha i-PDT nayo inezingqinamba. Ingaphatha kuphela izindawo lapho ukukhanya kungafinyelela khona. Lokho kusho ukuthi ingasetshenziswa kuphela ekwelapheni umdlavuza ngaphakathi noma ngaphansi kwesikhumba kuphela, noma ezintanjeni zezinye izitho. Futhi, ayinakusetshenziswa kubantu abanezifo ezithile zegazi.

Kunemiphumela emibi emibili eyinhloko ye-PDT. Enye ukusabela okubangelwa ukukhanya okwenza isikhumba sivuvuke, sishiswe yilanga, noma sishayeke ngamakhaza ngemuva nje kwemizuzu embalwa elangeni noma eduze kwamalambu akhanyayo. Lokhu kusabela kungahlala izinyanga ezintathu ngemuva kokwelashwa. Ukukugwema:

• Vala izithunzi namakhethini emafasiteleni nasezibanini zezulu ekhaya lakho ngaphambi kokuba uthole ukwelashwa kwakho.
• Letha izibuko zelanga ezimnyama, amagilavu, isigqoko esinomphetho obanzi, bese ugqoka izingubo ezimboza isikhumba sakho ngangokunokwenzeka ekwelashweni kwakho.
• Okungenani inyanga ngemuva kokwelashwa, hlala ngaphakathi ngangokunokwenzeka, ikakhulukazi phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama.
• Mboza isikhumba sakho noma kunini lapho uphumela ngaphandle, noma ngabe kunezinsuku ezinamafu nasemotweni. UNGABHALI nge-sunscreen, ngeke kuvimbele ukusabela.
• UNGAYisebenzisi amalambu okufunda futhi ugweme amalambu okuhlola, njengohlobo olusetshenziswa udokotela wamazinyo.
• UNGAYisebenzisi imishini yokuwasha izinwele yohlobo lwesigqoko sokuzivikela njengalezo ezisendaweni yokucwala izinwele. Sebenzisa isethingi yokushisa ephansi kuphela lapho usebenzisa isomisi sezinwele esiphethwe ngesandla.

Omunye umphumela oyinhloko ukuvuvukala, okungadala ubuhlungu noma inkinga yokuphefumula noma ukugwinya. Lokhu kuncike endaweni elashwa. Imiphumela emibi ingeyesikhashana.

I-Phototherapy; I-Photochemotherapy; Ukwelashwa kwe-Photoradiation; Umdlavuza we-esophagus - photodynamic; Umdlavuza we-Esophageal - photodynamic; Umdlavuza wamaphaphu - i-photodynamic

Iwebhusayithi yeAmerican Cancer Society. Ukuthola ukwelashwa kwe-photodynamic. www.cancer.org/treatment/treatment-and-side-effects/treatment-types/radiation/photodynamic-therapy.html. Kubuyekezwe uDisemba 27, 2019. Kufinyelelwe ngoMashi 20, 2020.

Lui H, Richer V. Ukwelashwa kwe-Photodynamic. Ku: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, ama-eds. Isikhumba. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 135.

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa kwe-Photodynamic yomdlavuza. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/surgery/photodynamic-fact-sheet. Kubuyekezwe uSepthemba 6, 2011. Kufinyelelwe ngoNovemba 11, 2019.

• Umdlavuza