I-nicotine nogwayi

I-nicotine ekugwayi ingaba umlutha njengotshwala, i-cocaine ne-morphine.

Ugwayi isitshalo esitshalwa ngenxa yamaqabunga aso, abhemayo, ahlafunwayo, noma ahogelwayo.

Ugwayi uqukethe ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-nicotine. I-nicotine yinto eluthayo.

Izigidi zabantu e-United States zikwazile ukuyeka ukubhema. Nakuba inani lababhemayo e-United States lehlile eminyakeni yamuva, inani labasebenzisi bakagwayi abangenantuthu liye landa ngokuqhubekayo. Imikhiqizo kagwayi engabhemi ibekwa emlonyeni, esihlathini, noma endebeni bese iyamunzwa noma ihlafunwe, noma ibekwe ephasishini. I-nicotine kule mikhiqizo imuncwa ngesilinganiso esifanayo nokubhema ugwayi, futhi ukulutheka kusenamandla kakhulu.

Kokubili ukubhema nokusetshenziswa kukagwayi ongenantuthu kunezingozi eziningi zempilo.

Ukusetshenziswa kweNicotine kungaba nemiphumela eminingi ehlukene emzimbeni. Ingakwazi:

• Nciphisa isifiso sokudla - Ukwesaba ukukhuluphala kwenza abanye abantu bangafuni ukuyeka ukubhema.
• Thuthukisa imizwa, unikeze abantu umuzwa wenhlalakahle, futhi mhlawumbe uqede nokudangala okuncane.
• Khulisa umsebenzi emathunjini.
• Dala amathe amaningi ne-phlegm.
• Khuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ngokushaya okungaba ngu-10 kuye kwangama-20 ngomzuzu.
• Khulisa umfutho wegazi ngo-5 kuye ku-10 mm Hg.
• Kungenzeka kubangele ukujuluka, isicanucanu, nohudo.
• Khuthaza inkumbulo nokuqapha - Abantu abasebenzisa ugwayi bavame ukuncika kuwo ukuze ubasize bafeze imisebenzi ethile futhi benze kahle.

Izimpawu zokuhoxa kwe-nicotine zivela kungakapheli amahora amabili kuya kwayi-3 ngemuva kokugcina ukusebenzisa ugwayi. Abantu ababhema isikhathi eside kunabo bonke noma ababhema inani elikhulu likasikilidi usuku ngalunye kungenzeka babe nezimpawu zokuhoxa. Kulabo abayekayo, izimpawu ziphakama cishe ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezi-3 kamuva. Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:

• Ukulangazelela okukhulu i-nicotine
• Ukukhathazeka
• Ukucindezeleka
• Ukozela noma inkinga yokulala
• Amaphupho amabi namaphupho amabi
• Ukuzizwa ukhululekile, ukuphumula, noma ukukhungatheka
• Ukuphathwa ikhanda
• Ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla nokuzuza kwesisindo
• Izinkinga ukugxila

Ungaqaphela ezinye noma zonke zalezi zimpawu lapho ushintsha usikilidi ojwayelekile uye ko-nicotine ophansi noma wehlisa inani likasikilidi obhemayo.

Kunzima ukuyeka ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa ugwayi ongenantuthu, kepha noma ngubani angakwenza. Ziningi izindlela zokuyeka ukubhema.

Kukhona nezinsiza zokukusiza uyeke. Amalungu omndeni, abangane, kanye nabantu osebenza nabo bangasekela. Ukuyeka ugwayi kunzima uma uzama ukukwenza wedwa.

Ukuze uphumelele, kufanele ufune ngempela ukuyeka. Iningi labantu abayekile ukubhema aliphumelelanga okungenani kanye esikhathini esedlule. Zama ukungabheki imizamo edlule njengokuhluleka. Babheke njengolwazi lokufunda.

Iningi labantu ababhemayo likuthola kunzima ukugqashula yonke imikhuba eliyenzile mayelana nokubhema.

Uhlelo lokuyeka ukubhema lungathuthukisa amathuba akho okuphumelela. Lezi zinhlelo zenziwa ngezibhedlela, iminyango yezempilo, izikhungo zomphakathi, izindawo zokusebenza, nezinhlangano zikazwelonke.

Ukwelashwa esikhundleni seNicotine nakho kungasiza. Kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ehlinzeka ngemithamo ephansi ye-nicotine, kepha abukho ubuthi obutholakala entanyeni. Ukufakwa esikhundleni seNicotine kuza ngohlobo lwe:

• Gum
• Abahogelwayo
• Izindwangu zomqala
• Isifutho sekhala
• Izikhumba zezikhumba

Ungathenga izinhlobo eziningi zokufakwa esikhundleni se-nicotine ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakubeka nezinye izinhlobo zemithi ukukusiza uyeke. IVarenicline (Chantix) ne-bupropion (iZyban, Wellbutrin) yimithi kadokotela ethinta ama-nicotine receptors ebuchosheni.

Inhloso yalezi zindlela zokwelapha ukususa izifiso ze-nicotine nokunciphisa izimpawu zakho zokuhoxa.

Ochwepheshe bezempilo baxwayisa ngokuthi i-e-cigarettes akuyona indlela yokwelapha yokubhema ugwayi. Akwaziwa kahle ukuthi ingakanani i-nicotine eku-cartridge ye-e-cigarette, ngoba imininingwane kumalebula ivame ukungalungi.

Umhlinzeki wakho angakuthumela ukuthi uyeke izinhlelo zokubhema. Lokhu kunikezwa ngezibhedlela, iminyango yezempilo, izikhungo zomphakathi, izindawo zokusebenza, nezinhlangano zikazwelonke.

Abantu abazama ukuyeka ukubhema bavame ukudikibala uma bengaphumeleli ekuqaleni. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi lapho uzama kaningi amathuba okuthi uphumelele. Uma uqala ukubhema futhi ngemuva kokuzama ukuyeka, ungayeki. Bheka okusebenzile nokungasebenzi, cabanga ngezindlela ezintsha zokuyeka ukubhema, bese uzama futhi.

Kunezizathu eziningi zokuyeka ukubhema. Ukwazi izingozi ezinkulu zempilo ngogwayi kungakusiza kukushukumisele ukuba uyeke. Ugwayi namakhemikhali ahlobene nawo angakhuphula ubungozi bakho ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo njengomdlavuza, isifo samaphaphu nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Bona umhlinzeki wakho uma ufisa ukuyeka ukubhema, noma usuvele wenze kanjalo futhi unezimpawu zokuhoxa. Umhlinzeki wakho angasiza ukuncoma ukwelashwa.

Ukuhoxa ku-nicotine; Ukubhema - umlutha we-nicotine nokuhoxa; Ugwayi ongenantuthu - umlutha we-nicotine; Ukubhema ugwayi; Ukubhema ipayipi; Isinemfu esingenantuthu; Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi; Ukuhlafuna ugwayi; Umlutha weNicotine nogwayi

• Izingozi zempilo kagwayi

UBenowitz NL, uBrunetta PG. Izingozi zokubhema nokuyeka. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 46.

URakel RE, umlutha weHouston T. Nicotine. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ama-eds. Incwadi Yezokwelapha Yomndeni. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 49.

Siu AL; I-US Preventive Services Task Force. Ukungenelela kokuziphatha kanye nokwelashwa ngamakhemisi kokuyeka ukubhema ugwayi kubantu abadala, kubandakanya nabesifazane abakhulelwe: Isitatimende sezincomo se-US Preventive Services Task Force. U-Ann Intern Med. 2015; 163 (8): 622-634. I-PMID: 26389730 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26389730/.