Hernia

I-hernia yisikhwama esakhiwe ngocingo lwesisu (peritoneum). Isaka liza ngembobo noma indawo ebuthakathaka engqimbeni eqinile yodonga lwesisu oluzungeze imisipha. Lolu ungqimba lubizwa ngokuthi i-fascia.

Uhlobo luni lwe-hernia onalo kuncike lapho lukhona:

• I-hernia yesifazane iyisigaxa ethangeni eliphezulu, ngezansi nje kwesibumbu. Lolu hlobo luvame kakhulu kwabesifazane kunabesilisa.
• I-hernia ye-Hiatal yenzeka engxenyeni engenhla yesisu. Ingxenye yesisu esingenhla iphusha esifubeni.
• I-hernia ye-incisional ingenzeka ngesibazi uma wake wahlinzwa isisu esikhathini esedlule.
• I-hernia eyi-Umbilical iyisigaxa esizungeze inkinobho yesisu. Kwenzeka lapho imisipha ezungeze inkinobho yesisu ingavali ngokuphelele ngemuva kokuzalwa.
• Ingqamuzana le-Inguinal liyisigaxa esiswini. Kuvame kakhulu emadodeni. Ingahle iye phansi ize iyongena esikhwameni.

Ngokuvamile, asikho isizathu esicacile se-hernia. Kwesinye isikhathi, i-hernias ingenzeka ngenxa ye:

• Ukuphakamisa okunzima
• Ukuqina ngenkathi usebenzisa indlu yangasese
• Noma yimuphi umsebenzi okhulisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi esiswini

I-Hernias ingahle ibe khona lapho izalwa, kepha i-bulge ingahle ingabonakali kuze kube kamuva empilweni. Abanye abantu banomlando womndeni wama-hernias.

Izingane nezingane zingathola i-hernias. Kwenzeka lapho kunobuthakathaka odongeni lwesisu. Ama-hernias angama-Inguinal ajwayelekile kubafana. Ezinye izingane azinazo izimpawu kuze kube sezikhulile.

Noma imuphi umsebenzi noma inkinga yezokwelapha ekhulisa ukucindezela kwezicubu ezisodongeni lwesisu nemisipha kungaholela e-hernia, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuqunjelwa kwesikhathi eside (okungamahlalakhona) nokudonsa kanzima (ukuhlunga) ukuze unyakaze amathumbu
• Ukukhwehlela okungapheli noma ukuthimula
• ICystic fibrosis
• I-prostate ekhulisiwe, ehlunga ukuchama
• Isisindo esingeziwe
• Uketshezi esiswini (ascites)
• I-Peritoneal dialysis
• Ukungondleki kahle
• Ukubhema
• Ukuzikhandla ngokweqile
• Amasende angehlisiwe

Ngokuvamile azikho izimpawu. Abanye abantu banokungaphatheki kahle noma ubuhlungu. Ukungakhululeki kungaba kubi kakhulu uma umile, uhlunga, noma uphakamisa izinto ezisindayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isikhalazo esivame kakhulu yi-bump esibuhlungu futhi ekhulayo.

Lapho i-hernia iba nkulu, ingabambeka ngaphakathi emgodini futhi ilahlekelwe ukunikezwa kwegazi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuklinya. Lokhu kubangela ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala endaweni lapho kuklinywa khona. Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ukungakwazi ukudlulisa igesi noma ukunyakaza kwamathumbu

Lapho lokhu kwenzeka, kudingeka ukuhlinzwa ngokushesha.

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uvame ukubona noma ezwe i-hernia lapho uhlolwa. Ungacelwa ukuthi ukhwehlele, ugobe, uphushe noma uphakamise. I-hernia ingahle ikhule uma wenza lokhu.

I-hernia (i-bulge) kungenzeka ingabonakali kalula ezinganeni nasezinganeni, ngaphandle kwalapho ingane ikhala noma ikhohlela.

I-Ultrasound noma i-CT scan kungenziwa ukubheka i-hernia.

Uma kukhona ukuvinjelwa emathunjini, i-x-ray yesisu kungenzeka yenziwe.

Ukuhlinzwa yikhona kuphela ukwelashwa okungalungisa unomphela i-hernia. Ukuhlinzwa kungaba yingozi kakhulu kubantu abanezinkinga ezinkulu zezokwelapha.

Ukuhlinzwa kulungisa izicubu zodonga lwesisu esibuthakathaka (i-fascia) futhi kuvale noma yiziphi izimbobo. Ama-hernias amaningi avalwa ngemithungo futhi kwesinye isikhathi anezimagqabhagqabha zemesh zokuvala umgodi.

I-hernia ye-umbilical engazipholi yodwa ngesikhathi ingane ineminyaka engu-5 izolungiswa.

Umphumela wama-hernias amaningi uvame ukwelashwa. Akuvamile ukuthi i-hernia ibuye. Ama-hernias angenayo kungenzeka ukuthi abuye.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukulungiswa kwe-hernia inguinal kungalimaza izakhiwo ezithintekayo ekusebenzeni kwamasende endoda.

Enye ingozi yokuhlinzwa kwe-hernia ukulimala kwemizwa, okungaholela ekubeni ndikindiki endaweni ye-groin.

Uma ingxenye yamathumbu ibhajwe noma iklinyiwe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, kungahle kuvele amathumbu noma amathumbu afile.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho ngokushesha uma une:

• I-hernia ebuhlungu nokuqukethwe akukwazi ukubuyiselwa emuva esiswini usebenzisa ingcindezi emnene
• I-nausea, ukuhlanza, noma umkhuhlane kanye ne-hernia ebuhlungu
• I-hernia eba bomvu, nsomi, ibe mnyama, noma ibala

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma une:

• Ubuhlungu besisu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuqhuma.
• Isigaxa noma ukuvuvukala kunkinobho noma inkinobho yesisu, noma lokho kuhlotshaniswa nokusikwa kwangaphambilini kokuhlinzwa.

Ukuvimbela i-hernia:

• Sebenzisa izindlela ezifanele zokuphakamisa.
• Yehlisa isisindo uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile.
• Nciphisa noma ugweme ukuqunjelwa ngokudla ifayibha eningi, uphuze uketshezi oluningi, uye endlini yangasese ngokushesha lapho unesifiso, nokuzivocavoca njalo.
• Abesilisa kufanele babone abahlinzeki babo uma behlushwa ukuchama. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lweprostate ekhulisiwe.

Hernia - inguinal; I-hernia enguinal; I-hernia eqondile nengaqondile; Ukuqhuma; Ukuklinywa; Ukuboshwa

• Ukulungiswa kwe-Inguinal hernia - ukukhipha

• Ingulube ye-Inguinal
• Inguinal hernia repair - series

Aiken JJ. Ama-hernias angama-Inguinal. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 373.

Malangoni MA, Rosen MJ. UHernias. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ISabiston Incwadi Yokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 44.