Intuthuko i-dysplasia ye-hip

I-dysplasia yentuthuko ye-hip (DDH) ukuhlukaniswa kwenhlanganisela ye-hip ekhona lapho kuzalwa. Lesi simo sitholakala ezinganeni noma ezinganeni ezincane.

Isinqe yibhola nesokhethi elihlangene. Ibhola libizwa ngekhanda lesifazane. Kwakha ingxenye ephezulu yethambo lamathanga (femur). Isokhethi (i-acetabulum) lakha ethanjeni le-pelvic.

Kwezinye izingane ezisanda kuzalwa, isokhethi lingajulile kakhulu futhi ibhola (ithambo lamathanga) lingaphuma ngaphandle kwesokhethi, kungaba yingxenye yendlela noma ngokuphelele. Isinqe esisodwa noma zombili zingabandakanyeka.

Imbangela ayaziwa. Amazinga aphansi e-amniotic fluid esibelethweni ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa angandisa ingozi yengane ye-DDH. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zifaka:

• Ukuba ingane yokuqala
• Ukuba ngowesifazane
• Isikhundla seBreech ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, lapho phansi kwengane kuphansi
• Umlando womndeni walesi sifo
• Isisindo esikhulu sokuzalwa

I-DDH ivela kokuzalwa okungaba ngu-1 kuye ku-1.5 kokungu-1 000.

Kungase kungabikho zimpawu. Izimpawu ezingenzeka enganeni esanda kuzalwa zingabandakanya:

• Umlenze onenkinga ye-hip ungahle ubonakale uvela kakhulu
• Ukuncipha kokuhamba ohlangothini lomzimba ngokususwa
• Umlenze omfushane ohlangothini nokususwa kwesinqe
• Amafolda esikhumba angalingani ethangeni noma ezinqeni

Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu ubudala, umlenze othintekile ungaphumela ngaphandle noma ube mfushane kunomunye umlenze.

Lapho ingane iqala ukuhamba, izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukuzulazula noma ukuxhuga ngenkathi uhamba
• Umlenze owodwa omfishane, ngakho-ke ingane ihamba ngezinzwane zayo kolunye uhlangothi hhayi kolunye uhlangothi
• Umhlane ongezansi wengane uyindilinga ngaphakathi

Abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo bahlala behlola zonke izinsana nezinsana ze-hip dysplasia. Kunezindlela eziningi zokuthola isinqe noma umthambo ongasasebenzi okwazi ukukhishwa.

Indlela ejwayelekile yokuhlonza isimo wukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kwezinqulu, okubandakanya ukufaka ingcindezi ngenkathi unyakazisa izinkalo. Umhlinzeki ulalela noma ikuphi ukuchofoza, ama-clunks, noma ama-pops.

I-Ultrasound okhalweni isetshenziswa ezinganeni ezisencane ukuqinisekisa inkinga. I-x-ray yejoyini le-hip ingasiza ukuxilonga lesi simo ezinganeni nasezikhulwini ezindala.

Isinqe esisuswe ngempela enganeni kufanele sitholakale lapho kuzalwa, kepha ezinye izimo zimnene futhi izimpawu kungenzeka zingakhuli kuze kube ngemuva kokuzalwa, yingakho kunconywa izivivinyo eziningi. Amanye amacala amancane athule futhi awatholakali ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba.

Lapho inkinga itholakala ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala zokuphila, kusetshenziswa ithuluzi noma amahanisi ukugcina imilenze ihlukene futhi iphendukele ngaphandle (ukuma kwexoxo lomlenze). Le divayisi ivame ukubamba ukuhlangana kwe-hip endaweni lapho ingane ikhula.

Leli harness lisebenzela izinsana eziningi lapho liqala ngaphambi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, kepha mancane amathuba okuthi lisebenzele izingane ezindadlana.

Izingane ezingathuthuki noma ezitholwa ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha zivame ukudinga ukuhlinzwa. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, kuzofakwa ukhonkolo emlenzeni wengane isikhathi esithile.

Uma i-hip dysplasia itholakala ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala zokuphila, cishe ingahle iphathwe ngempumelelo ngedivayisi yokubeka (ukubopha). Ezimweni ezimbalwa, kudingeka ukuhlinzwa ukuze kubuyiselwe isinqe ngokuhlangana.

I-Hip dysplasia etholakala ngemuva kwezingane zisencane ingaholela kumphumela omubi kakhulu futhi ingadinga ukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ukulungisa inkinga.

Izinsimbi zokubopha zingabangela ukucasuka kwesikhumba. Umehluko ebude bemilenze ingaqhubeka naphezu kokwelashwa okufanele.

Ukungalashwa, i-hip dysplasia kuzoholela ekutheni isifo samathambo kanye nokuwohloka kwesinqe, okungakhubaza kakhulu.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma usola ukuthi inyonga yengane yakho ayimile kahle.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwentuthuko kokuhlanganiswa kwe-hip; Intuthuko ye-hip dysplasia; I-DDH; I-dysplasia engokwemvelo yokuzalwa; Ukuhlukaniswa okweqile kwe-hip; CDH; I-Pavlik harness

• Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-hip kokuzalwa

UKelly DM. Ukukhubazeka okuzalwa nokuthuthuka kwesinqe nokhalo. Ku: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Kanale ST, ama-eds. I-Operational Orthopedics yaseCampbell. Umhlaka 13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 30.

ISankar WN, Uphondo lwe-BD, i-Wells L, i-Dormans JP. Isinqe. Ku: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, ama-eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 678.

Indodana-Hing JP, Thompson GH. Ukungajwayelekile kokuzalwa kwemikhawulo ephezulu nangaphansi nomgogodla. Ku: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, ama-eds. UFanaroff kanye neMithi kaMartin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 107.