Isici se-septal se-Ventricular

Isici se-septal se-Ventricular imbobo odongeni ehlukanisa ama-ventricles angakwesokudla nangakwesobunxele enhliziyo. I-Ventricular septal defect ingenye yezinkinga zenhliziyo ezivame ukuzalwa (ezikhona kusukela ekuzalweni). Kwenzeka cishe engxenyeni yazo zonke izingane ezinesifo senhliziyo esizalwe naso. Kungenzeka yedwa noma ngezinye izifo ezizalwa nazo.

Ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwengane, ama-ventricles angakwesokudla nangakwesobunxele enhliziyo awahlukani. Njengoba umbungu ukhula, kwakheka udonga lwezinyosi ukwehlukanisa la ma-ventricle ama-2. Uma udonga lungakheki ngokuphelele, imbobo ihlala. Lo mgodi waziwa njengesici se-ventricular septal, noma i-VSD. Imbobo ingenzeka ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ngasodongeni lwe-septal. Kungaba nembobo eyodwa noma izimbobo eziningi.

Isici se-septal se-Ventricular yisifo esivamile sokuzalwa kwenhliziyo. Ingane kungenzeka ingabi nazimpawu futhi umgodi ungavalwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba udonga luqhubeka lukhula ngemuva kokuzalwa. Uma imbobo inkulu, igazi eliningi kakhulu lizofakwa emaphashini. Lokhu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo. Uma imbobo incane, ingahle ingatholakali iminyaka bese itholwa kuphela lapho usumdala.

Isizathu se-VSD asikaziwa. Lokhu kukhubazeka kuvame ukuvela nokunye ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuzelwe.

Kubantu abadala, ama-VSD angavamile, kepha abe yinkinga enkulu yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Lezi zimbobo azibangelwa ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa.

Abantu abane-VSDs kungenzeka bangabi nazo izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma imbobo inkulu, ingane ivame ukuba nezimpawu ezihlobene nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zifaka:

• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Ukuphefumula ngokushesha
• Ukuphefumula kanzima
• Ukudinwa
• Ukwehluleka ukuthola isisindo
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo
• Ukujuluka ngenkathi udla
• Izifo zokuphefumula njalo

Ukulalela nge-stethoscope kuvame ukuveza ukukhononda kwenhliziyo. Ukuphakama kokukhononda kuhlobene nosayizi wesici nenani legazi eliwela isici.

Ukuhlolwa kungafaka:

• I-catheterization yenhliziyo (ayidingeki kangako, ngaphandle kokuthi kube nokukhathazeka komfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini)
• I-x-ray yesifuba - ibheka ukubona ukuthi ngabe ikhona yini inhliziyo enkulu enoketshezi emaphashini
• I-ECG - ikhombisa izimpawu ze-ventricle yangakwesobunxele ekhulisiwe
• I-Echocardiogram - isetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuxilongwa okuqondile
• I-MRI noma i-CT scan yenhliziyo - isetshenziselwa ukubona isici bese uthola ukuthi lingakanani igazi elifinyelela emaphashini

Uma isici sincane, akukho ukwelashwa okungadingeka. Kepha ingane kufanele ihlolwe kakhulu ngumhlinzeki wezempilo. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthi umgodi ugcine uvala kahle futhi azibonakali izimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Izingane ezine-VSD enkulu ezinezimpawu ezihlobene nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo zingadinga umuthi wokulawula izimpawu nokuhlinzwa ukuze kuvalwe imbobo. Imithi yokwelapha ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhulula izimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okucinana.

Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka, ngisho nangomuthi, ukuhlinzwa ukuvala isici ngesichibi kuyadingeka. Amanye ama-VSD angavalwa ngedivayisi ekhethekile ngesikhathi se-catheterization yenhliziyo, evikela isidingo sokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvalwa kwe-transcatheter. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezithile kuphela zokukhubazeka ezingaphathwa ngempumelelo ngale ndlela.

Ukuhlinzwa nge-VSD ngaphandle kwezimpawu kuyimpikiswano, ikakhulukazi uma kungekho bufakazi bokulimala kwenhliziyo. Xoxa ngalokhu ngokucophelela nomhlinzeki wakho.

Amaphutha amaningi amancane azovala ngokwawo. Ukuhlinzwa kungalungisa ukukhubazeka okungavali. Ezimweni eziningi, umuntu ngeke abe nezinkinga eziqhubekayo zezokwelapha ezihlobene nokukhubazeka uma kuvalwe ngokuhlinzwa noma kuvalwa ngokwakho. Izinkinga zingenzeka uma kungalashwa isici esikhulu futhi kube nokulimala unomphela emaphashini.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-aortic (ukuvuza kwe-valve ehlukanisa i-ventricle engakwesokunxele ne-aorta)
• Ukulimala kohlelo lokuqhuba ngogesi kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa (kubangela isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile noma esisheshayo)
• Ukukhula okulindelekile nentuthuko (ukwehluleka ukukhula ebuntwaneni)
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• I-endocarditis enesifo (ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya kwenhliziyo)
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu (umfutho wegazi ophakeme emaphashini) okuholela ekwehlulekeni kohlangothi lwenhliziyo

Imvamisa, lesi simo sitholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwengane. Shayela umhlinzeki wosana lwakho uma ingane ibonakala inenkinga yokuphefumula, noma uma ingane ibonakala inenombolo engavamile yezifo zokuphefumula.

Ngaphandle kwe-VSD edalwa yisifo senhliziyo, lesi simo sihlale sikhona lapho kuzalwa.

Ukuphuza utshwala nokusebenzisa imishanguzo yokuthithibalisa i-depakote ne-dilantin ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungakhuphula ubungozi kuma-VSD. Ngaphandle kokugwema lezi zinto ngesikhathi ukhulelwe, ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela i-VSD.

VSD; Isici se-septal se-interventricular; Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuzalwa - i-VSD

• Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo yezingane - ukukhishwa

• Inhliziyo - isigaba phakathi nendawo
• Inhliziyo - ukubuka kwangaphambili
• Isici se-septal se-Ventricular

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I-Webb GD, iSmallhorn JF, uTherrien J, uRedington AN. Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso esigulini esidala nesingane. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ama-eds. Isifo Senhliziyo SikaBraunwald: Incwadi Yemithi Yezinhliziyo Nemithambo. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 75.