I-biliary atresia

I-biliary atresia ukuvaleka kwamashubhu (amapayipi) athwala uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi yi-bile kusuka esibindini kuye enyameni.

I-biliary atresia yenzeka lapho imigudu ye-bile ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwesibindi incane ngokungajwayelekile, ivinjiwe noma ingekho. Amapayipi e-bile athwala uketshezi lokugaya ukudla kusuka esibindini kuya emathunjini amancane ukudiliza amafutha nokuhlunga imfucuza emzimbeni.

Imbangela yalesi sifo ayicaci. Kungahle kube ngenxa:

• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane ngemuva kokuzalwa
• Ukuchayeka ezintweni ezinobuthi
• Izici eziningi zofuzo
• Ukulimala kwe-Perinatal
• Eminye imithi efana ne-carbamazepine

Ngokuvamile kuthinta abantu baseMpumalanga Asia nabase-Afrika nabamaMelika.

Amapayipi enyongo asiza ukususa imfucuza esibindini futhi aphathe nosawoti abasiza amathumbu amancane ukuba agaye (agaye) amanoni.

Ezinganeni ezine-bresia atresia, ukugeleza kwe-bile kusuka esibindini kuya ku-gallbladder kuvinjelwe. Lokhu kungaholela ekulimaleni kwesibindi nokuqina kwesibindi, okungabulala.

Izimpawu zivame ukuqala ukuvela phakathi kwamasonto amabili kuya kwayisishiyagalombili. I-jaundice (umbala ophuzi esikhunjeni nakulwelwesi lwamafinyila) ikhula kancane emasontweni amabili kuya kwamathathu emva kokuzalwa. Usana lungakhuluphala ngokwejwayelekile enyangeni yokuqala. Ngemuva kwalelo phuzu, ingane izokwehla isisindo futhi icasuke, futhi iyoba ne-jaundice ebhebhethekayo.

Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• Umchamo omnyama
• Isisu esivuvukile
• Izitulo ezinuka kabi nezintantayo
• Izitulo ezinombala ophuzi noma ezinobumba
• Ukukhula kancane

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzothatha umlando wezokwelapha wengane yakho futhi enze ukuhlolwa komzimba ukuhlola isibindi esikhulisiwe.

Ukuhlolwa kokuthola i-atresia ye-biliary kufaka:

• I-x-ray yesisu ukuhlola isibindi esandisiwe kanye nobende
• I-ultrasound yesisu ukuhlola izitho zangaphakathi
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola amazinga e-bilirubin aphelele futhi aqondile
• I-hepatobiliary scintigraphy noma i-HIDA ukuskena ukubheka ukuthi ngabe imisele ye-bile ne-gallbladder isebenza kahle
• Isibindi sokuhlolwa kwesibindi ukuhlola ubunzima be-cirrhosis noma ukukhipha ezinye izimbangela ze-jaundice
• I-X-ray yamapayipi e-bile (cholangiogram) ukuhlola ukuthi amapayipi enyongo ayavulwa noma avaliwe

Ukuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi inqubo yeKasai kwenziwa ukuxhumanisa isibindi namathumbu amancane. Amapayipi angajwayelekile adlulile. Ukuhlinzwa kuphumelela kakhulu uma kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuba ingane inamasonto ayisishiyagalombili ubudala.

Ukufakelwa kwesibindi kusengadingeka ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-20 yobudala ezimweni eziningi.

Ukuhlinzwa kusenesikhathi kuzothuthukisa ukusinda kwezingane ezingaphezu kwesisodwa kwabathathu abanalesi simo. Inzuzo yesikhathi eside yokufakelwa kwesibindi ayikaziwa, kepha kulindeleke ukuthi ithuthukise ukusinda.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukutheleleka
• I-cirrhosis engalungiseki
• Ukuhluleka kwesibindi
• Izinkinga zokuhlinzwa, kufaka phakathi ukwehluleka kwenqubo yeKasai

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma ingane yakho ibonakala i-jaundiced, noma uma ezinye izimpawu ze-biliary atresia zikhula.

Izinsana ze-jaundice - i-biliary atresia; I-jaundice esanda kuzalwa - i-biliary atresia; I-Extrahepatic ductopenia; I-cholangiopathy yokuqothula eqhubekayo

• I-jaundice esanda kuzalwa - ukukhipha
• I-jaundice esanda kuzalwa - okufanele ubuze udokotela wakho

• Inyoni ikhiqizwa esibindini

IBerlin SC. Ukucabanga okuxilonga kwe-neonate. Ku: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, ama-eds. UFanaroff kanye neMithi kaMartin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 38.

ICazares J, Ure B, Yamataka A. I-Biliary atresia. Ku: Holcomb GW, Murphy JP, St Peter SD, ama-eds. Ukuhlinzwa Kwezingane zeHolcomb ne-Ashcraft. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 43.

IKliegman RM, iSt Geme JW, iBlum NJ, iShah SS, iTasker RC. ICholestasis. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 383.

U-O'Hara SM. Isibindi sezingane kanye nobende. Ku: Rumack CM, Levine D, eds. Ukuxilongwa kwe-Ultrasound. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 51.