Ngingingiza

Ukungingiza ukuphazamiseka kwenkulumo lapho imisindo, izinhlamvu zamagama, noma amagama ephindaphindwa noma ehlala isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile. Lezi zinkinga zidala ukunqamuka kokuhamba kwenkulumo okubizwa ngokungahambelani.

Ukungingiza kuvame ukuthinta izingane ezineminyaka emibili kuya kwengu-5 futhi kuvame kakhulu kubafana. Kungathatha amasonto ambalwa kuya eminyakeni eminingana.

Enani elincane lezingane, ukungingiza akupheli futhi kungahle kube kubi kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi amalimi entuthuko futhi yilona hlobo oluvame kakhulu lokungingiza.

Ukungingiza kuvame ukusebenza emindenini. Kukhonjwe izakhi zofuzo ezibangela ukungingiza.

Kukhona nobufakazi bokuthi amalimi angumphumela wokulimala ebuchosheni, njengokushaywa unhlangothi noma ukulimala ebuchosheni.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuthinteka kubangelwa ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzwelo (okubizwa ngokuthi ukungingiza kwengqondo).

Ukungingiza kuphikelela ebudaleni kakhulu kubafana kunasemantombazaneni.

Ukungingiza kungaqala ngokuphindaphinda ongwaqa (k, g, t). Uma ukuthintitha kuya kuba kubi, amagama nemisho kuyaphindwa.

Kamuva, kuvuleka imiphimbo. Kukhona umsindo ophoqelelwe, ocishe uqhume enkulumweni. Umuntu angabonakala sengathi kunzima ukukhuluma.

Izimo zomphakathi ezicindezelayo nokukhathazeka kungenza izimpawu zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Izimpawu zokungingiza zingabandakanya:

• Ukuzizwa ukhungathekile lapho uzama ukuxhumana

• Ukumisa isikhashana noma ukungabaza lapho uqala noma ngesikhathi semisho, imishwana, noma amagama, imvamisa nezindebe zihlangene
• Ukufaka (ukungenelela) imisindo eyengeziwe noma amagama ("Saya esitolo ... uh ...")
• Ukuphinda imisindo, amagama, izingxenye zamagama, noma imishwana ("Ngifuna ... Ngifuna unodoli wami," "Ngi ... ngiyakubona," noma "uCa-ca-ca-can")
• Ukuqina kwezwi
• Imisindo emide kakhulu ngaphakathi kwamagama ("I am Booooobbbby Jones" or "Llllllllike")

Ezinye izimpawu ezingabonakala ngokuthintitha zifaka:

• Ukucwayiza kweso
• Ukudonsa ikhanda noma ezinye izitho zomzimba
• Kudla imihlathi
• Isibhakela esigaxayo

Izingane ezinamalimi amancane zivame ukungazi ukuthi zingingiza kanjani. Ezimweni ezinzima, izingane zingazi kangcono. Ukunyakaza kobuso, ukukhathazeka, kanye nokukingiza okwengeziwe kungenzeka lapho becelwa ukuba bakhulume.

Abanye abantu abanamalimi bathola ukuthi abangingizi lapho befunda ngokuzwakalayo noma becula.

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzobuza ngomlando wezempilo nentuthuko yengane yakho, njengokuthi ingane yakho iqale nini ukungingiza nobuningi bayo. Umhlinzeki uzohlola futhi:

• Ukukhuluma kahle
• Noma yikuphi ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo
• Noma yisiphi isimo esingaphansi
• Umphumela wokungingiza empilweni yansuku zonke

Akukho ukuhlolwa okudingeka kakhulu. Ukuxilongwa kokungingiza kungadinga ukubonisana nodokotela wezifo okhuluma.

Ayikho indlela engcono yokwelashwa kwamalimi. Amacala amaningi okuqala asesikhashana futhi axazululwa ngokwawo.

Ukwelashwa kwenkulumo kungasiza uma:

• Ukungingiza sekudlule izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-3 kuya kwezi-6, noma inkulumo "evinjiwe" ihlala imizuzwana embalwa
• Ingane ibukeka idonsa kanzima lapho ingingiza, noma inamahloni
• Kunomlando womndeni wokungingiza

Ukwelashwa kwenkulumo kungasiza ekwenzeni inkulumo isheshe futhi ibushelelezi.

Abazali bakhuthazwa ukuthi:

• Gwema ukuzwakalisa ukukhathazeka ngokweqile ngokungingiza, okungenza izinto zibe zimbi ngokwengeziwe ngokwenza ingane ikwazi ukuzinyeza.
• Gwema izimo zomphakathi ezicindezelayo lapho kungenzeka.
• Lalela ngesineke ingane, thinta iso, ungaphazamisi, futhi ubonise uthando nokwamukela. Gwema ukubaqedela imisho.
• Bekela eceleni isikhathi sokukhuluma.
• Khuluma ngokukhululekile ngokungingiza lapho ingane ikulethela yona. Bazise ukuthi uyakuqonda ukukhungatheka kwabo.
• Khuluma nomelaphi wezinkulumo mayelana nokuthi uzolungisa nini kahle ukungingiza.

Ukuthatha umuthi akuboniswanga njengokusiza ekungingini.

Akucaci noma imishini kagesi iyasiza yini ngokungingiza.

Amaqembu okuzisiza avame ukuba lusizo enganeni nasemndenini.

Lezi zinhlangano ezilandelayo ziyizinsizakusebenza ezinhle zokwaziswa ngokungingiza nokwelashwa kwayo:

• Isikhungo saseMelika se-Stuttering - stutteringtreatment.org
• ABANGANI: Inhlangano Kazwelonke Yabantu Abasha Abangingizayo - www.friendswhostutter.org
• Isisekelo Samalimi - www.stutteringhelp.org
• INational Stuttering Association (NSA) - westutter.org

Ezinganeni eziningi ezingingizayo, isigaba siyadlula futhi inkulumo ibuyela kokujwayelekile kungakapheli iminyaka emithathu noma emi-4. Ukungingiza kungenzeka kugcine sekukhulile uma:

• Iyaqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka ongu-1
• Ingane iyangingiza ngemuva kweminyaka engu-6
• Ingane inezinkinga zokukhuluma noma zolimi

Izinkinga ezingaba khona zokungingiza zibandakanya izinkinga zomphakathi ezibangelwa ukwesaba ukugconwa, okungenza ingane igweme ukukhuluma ngokuphelele.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Ukungingiza kuphazamisa umsebenzi wesikole wengane yakho noma ukukhula ngokomzwelo.
• Ingane ibonakala ikhathazekile noma inamahloni ngokukhuluma.
• Izimpawu zihlala izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-3 kuya kwezi-6.

Ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela amalimi. Kungancishiswa ngokukhuluma kancane nangokulawula izimo ezicindezelayo.

Izingane kanye namalimi; Ukungahambi kahle kwenkulumo; Ngingingiza; Ukukhubazeka kokuqala kwengane; Imfuhlumfuhlu; Izihlanganisi zomzimba

National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. Ishidi lamaqiniso le-NIDCD: ukungingiza. www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/stuttering. Kubuyekezwe ngoMashi 6, 2017. Kufinyelelwe ngoJanuwari 30, 2020.

I-Simms MD. Ukukhula kolimi nokuphazamiseka kokuxhumana. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 52.

ITrauner DA, uNass RD. Izinkinga zokukhula kolimi. Ku: Swaiman KF, Ashwal S, Ferriero DM, et al, abahleli. I-Swaiman's Pediatric Neurology. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 53.