Izinkinga ezihlobene ne-Vertigo

IVertigo ukuzwa kokunyakaza noma ukuphotha okuvame ukuchazwa njengesiyezi.

IVertigo ayifani nokuba nekhanda elikhanyayo. Abantu abane-vertigo bazizwa sengathi bayaphotha noma bahamba empeleni, noma ukuthi umhlaba ujikeleza kubo.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-vertigo, i-peripheral ne-vertigo emaphakathi.

I-peripheral vertigo ingenxa yenkinga engxenyeni yendlebe yangaphakathi elawula ibhalansi. Lezi zindawo zibizwa ngokuthi i-vestibular labyrinth, noma imisele engangesikwele. Inkinga ingabandakanya nemizwa ye-vestibular. Le yinzwa ephakathi kwendlebe yangaphakathi nesiqu sobuchopho.

I-vertigo yomngcele ingabangelwa:

• I-Benign positional vertigo (i-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-BPPV)
• Imithi ethile, njengama-antibiotic e-aminoglycoside, i-cisplatin, i-diuretics, noma i-salicylates, enobuthi ezinhlakeni zezindlebe zangaphakathi
• Ukulimala (njengokulimala ekhanda)
• Ukuvuvukala kwemizwa ye-vestibular (neuronitis)
• Ukucasula nokuvuvukala kwendlebe yangaphakathi (labyrinthitis)
• Isifo seMeniere
• Ingcindezi emthanjeni we-vestibular, imvamisa kusuka kwisimila esingenomdlavuza njenge-meningioma noma i-schwannoma

I-vertigo emaphakathi ingenxa yenkinga ebuchosheni, imvamisa ku-brain stem noma engxenyeni engemuva yobuchopho (cerebellum).

I-vertigo emaphakathi ingabangelwa:

• Isifo semithambo yegazi
• Izidakamizwa ezithile, njenge-anticonvulsants, i-aspirin, notshwala
• I-Multiple sclerosis
• Ukuquleka (kuyaqabukela)
• Unhlangothi
• Izimila (ezinomdlavuza noma ezingezona umdlavuza)
• I-Vestibular migraine, uhlobo lwekhanda le-migraine

Uphawu oluyinhloko ukuzwa ukuthi wena noma igumbi liyahamba noma liyajikeleza. Ukuzwa kokuphotha kungadala isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Ngokuya ngesizathu, ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• Inkinga yokugxila amehlo
• Isiyezi
• Ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa endlebeni eyodwa
• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi (kungadala ukuwa)
• Kukhala ezindlebeni
• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza, okuholela ekulahlekelweni uketshezi lomzimba

Uma une-vertigo ngenxa yezinkinga zobuchopho (i-vertigo emaphakathi), ungahle ube nezinye izimpawu, kufaka phakathi:

• Kunzima ukugwinya
• Umbono ophindwe kabili
• Izinkinga zokuhamba kwamehlo
• Ukukhubazeka ebusweni
• Inkulumo eshisiwe
• Ubuthakathaka bezitho

Ukuhlolwa ngumhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kungakhombisa:

• Izinkinga zokuhamba ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ibhalansi
• Izinkinga zokuhamba kwamehlo noma ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungazibandakanyi (nystagmus)
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa
• Ukuntuleka kokuxhumanisa nokulinganisela
• Ubuthakathaka

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Ukuzwa kwe-Brain stem kuvuse izifundo ezingaba khona
• Ukugqugquzela kwekhalori
• I-Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• I-Electronystagmography
• Inhloko CT
• Ukubhoboza i-lumbar
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI kwekhanda kanye nokuskena kwe-MRA kwemithambo yegazi yobuchopho
• Ukuhlola ukuhamba (gait)

Umhlinzeki angenza ukunyakaza okuthile kwekhanda kuwe, njengokuhlolwa kwe-head-thrust. Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ukutshela umehluko phakathi kwe-vertigo ephakathi nendawo.

Imbangela yanoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kobuchopho okubangela i-vertigo kufanele ikhonjwe futhi yelashwe lapho kunokwenzeka.

Ukusiza ukuxazulula izimpawu ze-vertigo enobungozi, umhlinzeki angenza indlela ye-Epley kuwe. Lokhu kufaka ukufaka ikhanda lakho ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ukusiza ukusetha kabusha isitho sebhalansi.

Ungahle unikezwe imithi yokwelapha izimpawu ze-vertigo yesiyaluyalu, njengesiyaluyalu nokuhlanza.

Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni izinkinga zebhalansi. Uzofundiswa ukuzivocavoca ukubuyisela umuzwa wakho wokulinganisela. Ukuzivocavoca nakho kungaqinisa imisipha yakho ukusiza ukuvimbela ukuwa.

Ukuvimbela ukwanda kwezimpawu ngesikhathi sesiqephu se-vertigo, zama okulandelayo:

• Thula. Hlala noma ulale phansi lapho kuvela izimpawu.
• Qhubeka kancane kancane nomsebenzi.
• Gwema izinguquko zesimo ngokungazelelwe.
• Ungazami ukufunda lapho kuvela izimpawu.
• Gwema izibani ezikhanyayo.

Ungadinga usizo lokuhamba lapho kuvela izimpawu. Gwema izinto ezinobungozi njengokushayela, ukusebenzisa imishini esindayo, nokukhuphuka kuze kube yisonto elilodwa emva kokuba izimpawu sezinyamalele.

Okunye ukwelashwa kuncike embangela ye-vertigo. Ukuhlinzwa, kufaka phakathi ukucindezelwa kwe-microvascular, kungaphakanyiswa kwezinye izimo.

IVertigo ingaphazamisa ukushayela, umsebenzi, nendlela yokuphila. Kungadala nokuwa, okungaholela ekulimaleni okuningi, kufaka phakathi ukuphuka kwe-hip.

Shayela i-aphoyintimenti nomhlinzeki wakho uma une-vertigo engapheli noma ephazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Uma ungakaze ube ne-vertigo noma uma une-vertigo enezinye izimpawu (njengokubona kabili, ukukhuluma okungahambi kahle, noma ukulahleka kokuxhumana), shayela ku-911.

I-vertigo yangaphakathi; I-vertigo emaphakathi; Isiyezi; I-vertigo yesimo se-Benign; I-Benign paroxysmal vertigo positional

• Ulwelwesi lwe-Tympanic
• I-Cerebellum - umsebenzi
• I-anatomy yendlebe

UBhattacharyya N, uGubbels SP, uSchwartz SR, et al. Umhlahlandlela wokusebenza komtholampilo: i-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (buyekeza). I-Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. I-2017; 156 (3_suppl): S1-S47. I-PMID: 28248609 www.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28248609.

U-Chang AK. Isiyezi kanye ne-vertigo. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 16.

I-Crane BT, i-LB encane. Iziphazamiso ze-peripheral vestibular. Ku: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, ama-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Ukuhlinzwa Kwekhanda Nentamo. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 165.

IKerber KA, iBaloh RW. I-Neuro-otology: ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa kwezifo ze-neuro-otoligical. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 46.