Ukwelashwa ngemisebe

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe isebenzisa ama-x-reyi anamandla amakhulu, izinhlayiya, noma imbewu enomsakazo ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Amaseli womdlavuza anda ngokushesha kunamaseli ajwayelekile emzimbeni. Ngoba imisebe iyingozi kakhulu kumaseli akhula ngokushesha, ukwelashwa ngemisebe kulimaza amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngaphezu kwamaseli ajwayelekile. Lokhu kuvimbela amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuthi angakhuli futhi ahlukane, futhi kuholele ekufeni kweseli.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusetshenziselwa ukulwa izinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza. Kwesinye isikhathi, imisebe ukuphela kokwelapha okudingekayo. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ngokuhlangana nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezifana nokuhlinzwa noma i-chemotherapy ku:

• Nciphisa isimila ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa
• Siza ukuvimbela umdlavuza ukuthi ungabuyi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• Yehlisa izimpawu ezibangelwa isimila, njengobuhlungu, ingcindezi, noma ukopha
• Phatha umdlavuza ongenakususwa ngokuhlinzwa
• Lapha umdlavuza esikhundleni sokusebenzisa ukuhlinza

IZINHLOBO ZOKWELASHWA KWEMISEBENZI

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelashwa ngemisebe zifaka ngaphandle, ngaphakathi nangaphakathi kokuhlinzwa.

INDLELA YOKUPHILA KWEMISEBENZI YANGAPHANDLE

Imisebe yangaphandle iyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu. Le ndlela ihlose ngokucophelela ama-x-ray anamandla amakhulu noma izinhlayiya ngqo esihlahleni esivela ngaphandle komzimba. Izindlela ezintsha zihlinzeka ukwelashwa okuphumelela ngokwengeziwe ngomonakalo omncane wezicubu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• I-radiotherapy ye-intension-modulated (IMRT)
• I-radiotherapy eqondiswa isithombe (IGRT)
• I-stereotherapy ye-stereotactic (i-radiosurgery)

Ukwelashwa kweProton kungenye indlela yemisebe esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa ama-x-ray ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza, i-proton therapy isebenzisa umsebe wezinhlayiya ezikhethekile ezibizwa ngama-proton. Ngoba kubangela ukulimala okuncane kwizicubu ezinempilo, ukwelashwa kwe-proton kuvame ukusetshenziselwa umdlavuza osondele kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezibucayi zomzimba. Isetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezithile kuphela zomdlavuza.

INDLELA YOKWENZA IMISEBENZI YANGAPHAKATHI

Imisebe yangaphakathi yesigxobo ibekwe ngaphakathi komzimba wakho.

• Enye indlela isebenzisa imbewu enemisebe ebekwa ngqo ngaphakathi noma eduze kwesimila. Le ndlela ibizwa nge-brachytherapy, futhi isetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa. Isetshenziswa kaningi ukwelapha umdlavuza webele, wesibeletho, wamaphaphu, neminye imidlavuza.
• Enye indlela ihilela ukwamukela imisebe ngokuyiphuza, ukugwinya iphilisi, noma nge-IV. Imisebe engamanzi iyahamba emzimbeni wakho wonke, ifuna futhi ibulale amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Umdlavuza wegilo ungalashwa ngale ndlela.

I-INTRAOPERTIVE RADIATION THERAPY (IORT)

Lolu hlobo lwemisebe luvame ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila. Ngemuva nje kokuba isisu sisusiwe nangaphambi kokuba udokotela ohlinzayo avale ukusikwa, imisebe iyiswa lapho kwakukhona khona isimila. I-IORT ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa izicubu ezingakasakazeki futhi amangqamuzana ama-tumor amancane angahlala ngemuva kokuthi isisu esikhulu sisuswe.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nemisebe yangaphandle, izinzuzo ze-IORT zingafaka:

• Indawo yesimila kuphela ehlosiwe ngakho-ke akukho monakalo omncane kwizicubu ezinempilo
• Kunikezwa umthamo owodwa kuphela wemisebe
• Iletha umthamo omncane wemisebe

IMIPHUMELA ESIHLABELELWAYO YOKWELAPHA KWE-RADIATION

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe nakho kungalimaza noma kubulale amaseli aphilile. Ukufa kwamaseli aphilile kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi.

Le miphumela emibi incike kumthamo wemisebe, nokuthi uthola ukwelashwa kangaki. Imisebe yogongolo lwangaphandle ingadala ushintsho esikhunjeni, njengokulahleka kwezinwele, isikhumba esibomvu noma esivuthayo, ukuncipha kwezicubu zesikhumba, noma ukuchitheka kocingo olungaphandle lwesikhumba.

Eminye imiphumela emibi incike engxenyeni yomzimba ethola imisebe:

• Isisu
• Ubuchopho
• Isifuba
• Isifuba
• Umlomo nentamo
• I-pelvic (phakathi kwezinqulu)
• Indlala yesinye

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe; Umdlavuza - ukwelashwa ngemisebe; Ukwelashwa ngemisebe - imbewu enemisebe; I-radiotherapy ye-intensity-modulated (IMRT); I-radiotherapy eqondiswa ngesithombe (IGRT); Ukwelashwa kwe-Radiosurgery-radiation; Ukwelashwa kwe-radiotherapy ye-stereotactic (SRT) -misebe; Ukwelashwa kwemisebe ye-stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) -misebe; I-radiotherapy yokuhlinzwa; Ukwelashwa kwe-Proton radiotherapy-radiation

• Ama-radiosurgery we-stereotactic - ukukhishwa

• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe

UCzito BG, uCalvo FA, uHaddock MG, uBlitzlau R, uWillett CG. Imisebe ye-intraoperative. Ku: Gunderson LL, Tepper JE, ama-eds. IGunderson neTepper’s Clinical Radiation Oncology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 22.

UDoroshow JH. Sondela esigulini esinomdlavuza. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 169.

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yokwelapha umdlavuza. www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/radiation-therapy. Kubuyekezwe uJanuwari 8, 2019. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Agasti 5, 2020.

UZeman EM, uSchreiber EC, uTepper JE. Izisekelo zokwelashwa ngemisebe. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, abahleli. I-Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 27.