Ubuthi be-chlorine

I-chlorine yikhemikhali evimbela amagciwane ukuthi angakhuli. Ubuthi be-chlorine buvela lapho othile egwinya noma ephefumula (ehogela) i-chlorine.

Lo mbhalo ungowolwazi kuphela. UNGAYisebenzisi ukwelapha noma ukuphatha ukuvezwa kobuthi uqobo. Uma wena noma umuntu onaye unokuchayeka, shayela inombolo yakho ephuthumayo yasendaweni (njenge-911), noma isikhungo sendawo sakho sobuthi singafinyelelwa ngqo ngokushayela ucingo lwasimahla lwe-Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) kusuka noma yikuphi e-United States.

I-chlorine iphendula ngamanzi ngaphakathi nangaphandle komzimba ukwakha i-hydrochloric acid ne-hypochlorous acid. Zombili zinobuthi obedlulele.

I-chlorine itholakala ku:

• Ugesi okhishwa lapho uxuba i-bleach neminye imikhiqizo yokuhlanza eyimpuphu ne-ammonia (i-chloramine gas)
• Ugesi ukhishwe lapho kuvulwa isitsha sezimboni esigcwaliswe kancane samaphilisi e-chlorine abesehlale izinyanga ezimbalwa (ngokwesibonelo, ukuvulwa kokuqala kwesitsha ngemuva kokuthi ichibi livaliwe ubusika bonke)
• Abahlanzi abamnene
• Eminye imikhiqizo ye-bleach
• Amanzi okubhukuda (namaphilisi asetshenziswa emanzini okubhukuda)

Qaphela: Lolu hlu kungenzeka lungabandakanyi konke ukusetshenziswa nemithombo ye-chlorine.

Ubuthi be-chlorine bungadala izimpawu ezingxenyeni eziningi zomzimba:

EMIHLAWINI nasemaphashini

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ngokuphefumula ku-chlorine)
• Ukuvuvukala komqala (kungadala nobunzima bokuphefumula)
• Amanzi agcwalisa amaphaphu (i-pulmonary edema)

IGAZI

• Ushintsho olukhulu ezingeni le-asidi egazini (ibhalansi ye-pH), okuholela ekulimaleni kuzo zonke izitho zomzimba

AMEHLO, IZINDLEBE, IKHALA NOMQOLO

• Ukulahleka kombono
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu emphinjeni
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukushisa emakhaleni, amehlo, izindlebe, izindebe, noma ulimi

UHLELO LWE-GASTROINTESTINAL

• Igazi esitokisini
• Ukushisa kwepayipi lokudla (isopha)
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu
• Ukuhlanza
• Kuhlanza igazi

IZINHLIZIYO ZENHLIZIYO NEGAZI

• Goqa
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi okhula ngokushesha (ukushaqeka)

ISIKHUMBA

• Kushe
• Imigodi (necrosis) esikhunjeni noma kwizicubu ngaphansi
• Ukuthukuthela

Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. UNGENZI umuntu alahle phansi ngaphandle uma etshelwa isikhungo esinoshevu noma umhlinzeki wezempilo.

Uma ikhemikhali lisesikhunjeni noma emehlweni, gxuma ngamanzi amaningi okungenani imizuzu eyi-15.

Uma ikhemikhali ligwinyiwe, mnike ngokushesha lowo muntu amanzi noma ubisi, ngaphandle kwalapho eyalelwe ngenye indlela ngumhlinzeki. UNGANIKI amanzi noma ubisi uma isiguli sinezimpawu (njengokuhlanza, ukudlikizela, noma ukwehla kwezinga lokuqapha) okwenza kube nzima ukugwinya.

Uma umuntu ephefumule kulo shevu, shesha umhambise emoyeni omusha.

Thola imininingwane elandelayo:

• Iminyaka yomuntu, isisindo, nesimo
• Igama lomkhiqizo (nezithako namandla, uma kwaziwa)
• Isikhathi sigwinyiwe
• Inani ligwinyiwe

Isikhungo sakho sendawo sokulawula ubuthi singafinyelelwa ngqo ngokushayela inombolo yocingo yamahhala kazwelonke (1-800-222-1222) kusuka noma yikuphi e-United States. Le nombolo yocingo kazwelonke izokuvumela ukuthi ukhulume nochwepheshe ekufakeleni ubuthi. Bazokunikeza eminye imiyalelo.

Le yisevisi yamahhala futhi eyimfihlo. Zonke izikhungo zokulawula ubuthi e-United States zisebenzisa le nombolo kazwelonke. Kufanele ushaye uma unemibuzo mayelana nobuthi noma ukuvimbela ubuthi. Akudingeki ukuthi kube yisimo esiphuthumayo. Ungashayela nganoma yisiphi isizathu, amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngeviki.

Umhlinzeki uzolinganisa futhi aqaphe izimpawu ezibalulekile zomuntu, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, izinga lokuphefumula, nomfutho wegazi. Izimpawu zizophathwa ngendlela efanele. Umuntu angathola:

• Ukwesekwa kokuphefumula, kufaka phakathi i-oxygen ethunyelwa ngepayipi ngomlomo ungene emaphashini, nomshini wokuphefumula (i-ventilator)
• I-Bronchoscopy - ikhamera ezansi nomphimbo ukubheka ukusha ezindleleni zomoya nasemaphashini
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-ECG (ukulandelela inhliziyo)
• I-Endoscopy - ikhamera ezansi nomphimbo ukubheka ukusha emqaleni nasesiswini
• Uketshezi ngomthambo (ngu-IV)
• Imithi yokuguqula umphumela wobuthi nokwelapha izimpawu
• Ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwesikhumba esishisiwe (ukukhishwa kwesikhumba)
• Tube ngomlomo ungene esiswini ukuze ufise (ukumunca) isisu. Lokhu kwenziwa kuphela lapho umuntu ethola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30 kuye kwengama-45 yobuthi, kanti nenani elikhulu kakhulu le-chlorine seligwinyiwe.
• Ukuwashwa kwesikhumba (ukuchelela) - mhlawumbe njalo emahoreni ambalwa izinsuku ezimbalwa

Ukuthi umuntu wenza kahle kangakanani kuncike enanini likashevu agwinyiwe nokuthi ukwelashwa kusheshe kutholakale kanjani. Ngokushesha lapho umuntu ethola usizo lwezempilo, aba maningi amathuba okuba alulame.

Ukugwinya ubuthi obunjalo kungaba nemithelela emibi ezingxenyeni eziningi zomzimba. Ukushiswa emoyeni noma kumgudu wamathumbu kungaholela ekufeni kwezicubu. Lokhu kungaholela ekuthelelekeni, ekushaqekeni nasekufeni, ngisho nezinyanga ezimbalwa ngemuva kokugwinywa kwento. Izicubu ezibomvu ezindaweni ezithintekile zingaholela ezinkingeni zesikhathi eside ngokuphefumula, ukugwinya nokugaya ukudla.

I-Agency for Substances Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) iwebhusayithi. UMnyango Wezempilo kanye Nezinsizakalo Zabantu e-US, iNkonzo Yezempilo Yomphakathi. Iphrofayili enobuthi ye-chlorine. wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/substances/ToxSubstance.aspx?toxid=36. Kubuyekezwe uSepthemba 26, 2019. Kufinyelelwe ngoNovemba 6, 2019.

IBlanc PD. Izimpendulo ezinzima ekudalweni okunobuthi. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 75.

UHoyte C. Caustics. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 148.

I-Levine MD. Ukulimala kwamakhemikhali. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 57.