Ukulungiswa kwendunu okungaphelele
Ukulungiswa kwendunu okungaphelele ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa okubandakanya i-rectum ne-anus.
Ukukhubazeka kwendunu okungavimbeleki kuvimbela iningi noma sonke isitulo ekudluliseni i-rectum.
Ukuthi lokhu kwenziwa kanjani kwenziwa ngokuya ngohlobo lwendunu engafanele. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane ilele futhi ayizwa buhlungu ngesikhathi senqubo.
Ngobuthakathaka obuncane bokungenzi kahle kwendunu:
- Isinyathelo sokuqala sihilela ukukhulisa ukuvula lapho isitokisi siphuma khona, ngakho-ke indle ingadlula kalula.
- Ukuhlinzwa kuhilela ukuvala noma yikuphi ukuvuleka okuncane okufana ne-tube (fistula), ukudala ukuvulwa kwe-anal, nokufaka isikhwama se-rectal ekuvulekeni kwe-anal. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-anoplasty.
- Ingane kufanele ivame ukuthatha izithambisi zendle amasonto kuya ezinyangeni.
Kuvame ukuhlinzwa okubili ukukhubazeka okungathi sína okungaphelele kwe-anus:
- Ukuhlinzwa kokuqala kuthiwa yi-colostomy. Udokotela ohlinzayo udala imbobo (i-stoma) esikhunjeni nasemisipha yodonga lwesisu. Ukuphela kwethumbu elikhulu kunamathiselwe ekuvulekeni. Indle izongena esikhwameni esifakwe esiswini.
- Ingane ivame ukuvunyelwa ukuba ikhule izinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6.
- Ekuhlinzweni kwesibili, udokotela ohlinzayo uhambisa ikholoni endaweni entsha. Kwenziwa ukusikwa endaweni yangemuva ukudonsela esikhwameni esiyi-rectal phansi endaweni bese kwakhiwa ukuvuleka kwendunu.
- I-colostomy kungenzeka ishiywe endaweni izinyanga ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 ngaphezulu.
Udokotela ohlinzayo wengane yakho angakutshela kabanzi mayelana nendlela ngqo ukuhlinza okuzokwenziwa ngayo.
Ukuhlinzwa kulungisa iphutha ukuze indle ikwazi ukuhamba nge-rectum.
Izingozi ezivela ku-anesthesia nokuhlinzwa ngokujwayelekile zifaka:
- Ukusabela emithini
- Izinkinga zokuphefumula
- Ukopha, amahlule egazi, ukutheleleka
Izingozi zale nqubo zifaka:
- Ukulimala kwe-urethra (ishubhu elikhipha umchamo esinyeni)
- Ukulimala kwe-ureter (ishubhu elithwala umchamo kusuka ezinso liye esinyeni)
- Imbobo ekhula odongeni lwamathumbu
- Ukuxhuma okungajwayelekile (i-fistula) phakathi kwendunu nesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma isikhumba
- Ukuvulwa okuncane kwe-anus
- Izinkinga zesikhathi eside zokuhamba kwamathumbu ngenxa yomonakalo ezinzwa nasemisipheni ekholoni nasekweleni (kungaba ukuqunjelwa noma ukungasebenzi)
- Ukukhubazeka okwesikhashana kwamathumbu (ileus ekhubazekile)
Landela imiyalo yokuthi ungayilungiselela kanjani ingane yakho ukuhlinzwa.
Ingane yakho ingakwazi ukuya ekhaya kamuva ngosuku olufanayo uma iphutha elincane lilungiswa. Noma, ingane yakho izodinga ukuchitha izinsuku ezimbalwa esibhedlela.
Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzosebenzisa ithuluzi ukwelula (ukunweba) indunu entsha. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthuthukisa ithoni yemisipha nokuvimbela ukuncipha. Lokhu kunwebeka kufanele kwenziwe izinyanga ezimbalwa.
Ukukhubazeka okuningi kungalungiswa ngokuhlinzwa. Izingane ezinokukhubazeka okuncane zivame ukwenza kahle kakhulu. Kepha, ukuqunjelwa kungaba yinkinga.
Izingane ezinokuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zihlala zikwazi ukulawula ukunyakaza kwazo. Kepha, imvamisa badinga ukulandela uhlelo lwamathumbu. Lokhu kufaka ukudla ukudla okuphezulu kwe-fiber, ukuthatha izithambisi zesitulo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi usebenzisa ama-enemas.
Ezinye izingane zingadinga ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe. Iningi lalezi zingane lizodinga ukulandelelwa eduze impilo yonke.
Izingane ezinomgogodla ongafakwanga kahle nazo zingaba nokunye ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, kufaka phakathi izinkinga zenhliziyo, izinso, izingalo, imilenze noma umgogodla.
Ukulungiswa okungalungile kwe-anorectal; I-Perineal anoplasty; I-anorectal anomaly; Isigaxa se-anorectal
- Ukulungiswa kwendunu okungaphelele - uchungechunge
I-Bischoff A, i-Levitt MA, i-Peña A. I-anus engafanele. Ku: Wyllie R, Hyams JS, Kay M, eds. Izifo Zamathumbu Emathunjini Nesibindi. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 55.
I-Shanti CM. Izimo zokuhlinzwa ze-anus ne-rectum. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 371.