Ukufaka ishubhu esifubeni

Ishubhu lesifuba yishubhu elingenalutho, eliguquguqukayo elibekwe esifubeni. Sisebenza njengomsele.

• Amashubhu wesifuba akhipha igazi, uketshezi, noma umoya ovela emaphashini akho, enhliziyweni noma esophagus.
• Ishubhu elizungeze iphaphu lakho lifakwa phakathi kwezimbambo zakho nasesikhala esiphakathi kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi nolwelwesi olungaphandle lwesikhala sesifuba sakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isikhala se-pleural. Kwenziwa ukuvumela amaphaphu akho ukuthi akhule ngokugcwele.

Lapho kufakwa ithubhu yesifuba sakho, uzolala ngohlangothi noma uhlale ingxenye ime, ngengalo eyodwa phezu kwekhanda lakho.

• Kwesinye isikhathi, uzothola umuthi ngomthambo (ngemithambo, noma i-IV) ukukwenza ukhululeke futhi ulale.
• Isikhumba sakho sizohlanzwa esizeni sokufakwa okuhleliwe.
• Ishubhu lesifuba lifakwa ngokusika okungu-1-intshi (2.5 amasentimitha) esikhunjeni sakho phakathi kwezimbambo zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho iqondiswa endaweni efanele.
• Ishubhu ixhunywe ebhokisini elikhethekile. Ukuncela kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuyikhipha. Ngezinye izikhathi, amandla adonsela phansi kuphela azoyivumela ukuthi iphume.
• Ukuthungwa (umthungo) netheyiphu kugcina ishubhu lisendaweni.

Ngemuva kokufakwa kweshubhu esifubeni sakho, uzoba ne-x-ray yesifuba ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ishubhu lisendaweni efanele.

Ishubhu lesifuba livame ukuhlala endaweni kuze kube yilapho ama-x-ray ekhombisa ukuthi lonke igazi, uketshezi, noma umoya kukhishwe esifubeni sakho futhi amaphaphu akho enwetshiwe ngokuphelele.

Ishubhu kulula ukususwa lapho lingasadingeki.

Abanye abantu bangafakwa ishubhu yesifuba eqondiswa i-x-ray, i-computerised tomography (CT), noma i-ultrasound. Uma unokuhlinzwa okukhulu kwamaphaphu noma kwenhliziyo, kuzobekwa ithubhu yesifuba ngenkathi ungaphansi kwe-anesthesia (ilele) phakathi nokuhlinzwa kwakho.

Amashubhu wesifuba asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezenza ukuthi iphaphu liwe. Ezinye zalezi zimo yilezi:

• Ukuhlinzwa noma ukuhlukumezeka esifubeni
• Ukuvuza komoya kusuka ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu kuya esifubeni (pneumothorax)
• I-fluid buildup esifubeni (ebizwa ngokuthi yi-pleural effusion) ngenxa yokopha esifubeni, i-fatty fluid, ithumba noma i-pus buildup ephashini noma esifubeni, noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Ukudabula umphimbo (ithubhu evumela ukudla ukuthi kusuka emlonyeni kuya esiswini)

Ezinye izingozi ezivela kwinqubo yokufaka yilezi:

• Ukopha noma ukutheleleka lapho kufakwa khona ishubhu
• Ukubekwa ngendlela engafanele kwe-tube (ezicutshini, esiswini, noma kude kakhulu esifubeni)
• Ukulimala emaphashini
• Ukulimala ezithweni eziseduze neshubhu, njenge-spleen, isibindi, isisu noma i-diaphragm

Ngokuqinisekile uzohlala esibhedlela kuze kukhishwe ishubhu lakho lesifuba. Kwezinye izimo, umuntu angaya ekhaya ngeshubhu lesifuba.

Ngenkathi ishubhu sesifuba sikhona, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzohlola ngokucophelela ukuvuza komoya, izinkinga zokuphefumula, nokuthi udinga i-oxygen. Bazophinde baqinisekise ukuthi ishubhu lihlala endaweni efanele. Umhlinzeki wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kulungile yini ukusukuma uhambe uzulazule noma uhlale esihlalweni.

Okuzodingeka ukwenze:

• Phefumulela phezulu uphinde ukhwehlele kaningi (umhlengikazi wakho uzokufundisa ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu). Ukuphefumula okujulile nokukhwehlela kuzosiza ukukhulisa iphaphu lakho futhi kusize ngokudonsa amanzi.
• Qaphela ukuthi awekho ama-kinks kushubhu yakho. Uhlelo lokuhambisa amanzi kufanele luhlale luqondile futhi lubekwe ngaphansi kwamaphaphu akho. Uma kungenjalo, uketshezi noma umoya ngeke ukhiphe futhi amaphaphu akho awakwazi ukunwebeka kabusha.

Thola usizo ngokushesha uma:

• Ishubhu yakho yesifuba iyaphuma noma iyashintsha.
• Amashubhu ayanqanyulwa.
• Ngokushesha uba nesikhathi esinzima sokuphefumula noma ube nezinhlungu eziningi.

Umbono uncike ekutheni kufakwa ishubhu yesifuba. I-Pneumothorax ivame ukuthuthuka, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ukulungisa inkinga eyimbangela. Lokhu kungenziwa ngesilinganiso noma kungadinga ukusikwa okukhulu ngokuya ngesimo sakho esingaphansi. Ezimweni zokutheleleka, umuntu uyathuthuka lapho ukwelashwa kuthathwa, yize ukusikeka kolwelwesi lwamaphaphu kungenzeka kwesinye isikhathi (fibrothorax). Lokhu kungadinga ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa inkinga.

Ukufakwa kweshubhu yesifuba; Ukufakwa kweshubhu esifubeni; I-Tube thoracostomy; Ukukhipha kwe-Pericardial

• Ukufaka ishubhu esifubeni
• Ukufaka ishubhu esifubeni - uchungechunge

Ukukhanya RW, Lee YCG. I-Pneumothorax, i-chylothorax, i-hemothorax ne-fibrothorax. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 81.

UMargolis AM, uKirsch TD. I-Tube thoracostomy. Ku: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, ama-eds. Izinqubo Zomtholampilo zikaRoberts noHedges ku-Emergency Medicine kanye ne-Acute Care. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 10.

I-Watson GA, iHarbrecht BG. Ukubekwa kwesifuba esifubeni, ukunakekelwa, nokususwa. Ku: Vincent JL, Abraham E, Moore FA, Kochanek PM, Fink MP, ama-eds. Incwadi Yokunakekelwa Okubalulekile. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko E12.