Ukushintshwa okuhlangene kwamadolo

Ukufakwa kwamadolo ngokuhlanganyela ngamadolo wukuhlinzwa ukuze kuthathwe indawo yokuhlangana kwamadolo nejoyinti elenziwe ngabantu. Ilunga lokufakelwa libizwa ngokuthi isitho sokufakelwa.

Uqwanga namathambo alimele kuyasuswa emadolweni. Izingcezu ezenziwe ngabantu zifakwa emadolweni.

Lezi zingcezu zingabekwa ezindaweni ezilandelayo ekuhlanganyeleni kwamadolo:

• Umkhawulo ongezansi wethambo lamathanga - Leli thambo libizwa nge-femur. Ingxenye engena esikhundleni ivame ukwenziwa ngensimbi.
• Ukuphela okuphezulu kwethambo le-shin, okuyithambo elikhulu emlenzeni wakho ongezansi - Leli thambo libizwa nge-tibia. Ingxenye engena esikhundleni ivame ukwenziwa ngensimbi noplastiki oqinile.
• Uhlangothi olungemuva lwe-kneecap yakho - I-kneecap yakho ibizwa nge-patella. Ingxenye engena esikhundleni kwesinye ivame ukwenziwa ngepulasitiki eqinile.

Ngeke ubuzwe ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Uzoba nolunye lwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili ze-anesthesia:

• I-anesthesia ejwayelekile - Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzobe ulele futhi ungakwazi ukuzwa ubuhlungu.
• I-anesthesia yesifunda (yomgogodla noma ye-epidural) - Imithi ifakwa emhlane wakho ukukwenza ube ndikindiki ngaphansi kokhalo lwakho. Uzothola nemithi ezokukwenza uzele. Futhi ungathola umuthi ozokwenza ukhohlwe ngenqubo, noma ngabe ungalele ngokuphelele.

Ngemuva kokuthola i-anesthesia, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzosika idolo lakho ukuze ulivule. Lokhu kusika kuvame ukuba ngamasentimitha ayi-8 kuye kwayi-10 (amasentimitha angama-20 kuye kwangama-25) ubude. Lapho-ke udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokwenza lokhu:

• Susa i-kneecap (patella) yakho endleleni, bese usika imikhawulo yethambo lakho lamathambo nethambo (lomlenze ophansi) ukuze ulingane nengxenye ezongena esikhundleni.
• Sika ingaphansi le-kneecap yakho ukuyilungiselela izingcezu ezintsha ezizonamathiselwa lapho.
• Bophela izingxenye ezimbili zokufakelwa emathanjeni akho. Ingxenye eyodwa izonamathiselwa ekugcineni kwethambo lakho lethanga kanti enye ingxenye izonamathiselwa ethanjeni lakho le-shin. Izingcezu zingaxhunywa kusetshenziswa ithambo likasimende noma ngezikulufo.
• Namathisela ingaphansi le-kneecap yakho. Kusetshenziswa isamente elikhethekile lamathambo ukunamathisela le ngxenye.
• Lungisa imisipha yakho kanye nemisipha yakho kuzungeze ilunga elisha bese uvala ukusika kokuhlinzwa.

Ukuhlinzwa kuthatha cishe amahora amabili.

Iningi lamadolo okufakelwa anezingxenye zombili zensimbi nezeplastiki. Abanye odokotela abahlinzayo manje basebenzisa izinto ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi insimbi yensimbi, i-ceramic ku-ceramic, noma i-ceramic epulasitiki.

Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokufakwa kwedolo ngokuhlanganyela ukuqeda ubuhlungu obukhulu be-arthritis. Udokotela wakho angancoma ukufaka amadolo ngokuhlanganyela uma:

• Unezinhlungu zesifo samathambo esikwenza ungalali noma wenze imisebenzi ejwayelekile.
• Awukwazi ukuhamba futhi uzinakekele.
• Ubuhlungu bamadolo akho abuthuthukanga nolunye ukwelashwa.
• Uyaqonda ukuthi ukuhlinzwa nokululama kuzoba njani.

Isikhathi esiningi, ukuguqulwa kwamadolo ngokuhlanganyela kwenziwa kubantu abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu. Abantu abasebancane abafakwe idolo ngokuhlanganyela bangabeka ukucindezeleka okwengeziwe edolweni lokufakelwa futhi bakwenze ukuthi liguge kusenesikhathi futhi lingapheli isikhathi eside.

Hlala utshela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuthi imiphi imishanguzo oyiphuzayo, ngisho nezidakamizwa, izithasiselo, noma amakhambi owathengile ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.

Phakathi namasonto ama-2 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Lungisa ikhaya lakho.
• Emasontweni amabili ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ungacelwa ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezenza kube nzima ngegazi lakho ukuminyana. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Naprosyn, Aleve), izinciphisi zegazi ezifana ne-warfarin (Coumadin), noma i-clopidogrel (i-Plavix), nezinye izidakamizwa (i-Xarelto).
• Kungadingeka nokuthi uyeke ukuthatha imishanguzo engenza umzimba wakho uthole amathuba okutheleleka. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-methotrexate, i-Enbrel, noma eminye imithi ecindezela amasosha akho omzimba.
• Buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi yiziphi izidakamizwa okufanele usaziphuza ngosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angakucela ukuthi ubone umhlinzeki okuphatha ngalezi zimo ukuze abone ukuthi kuphephile yini ukuhlinzwa.
• Tshela umhlinzeki wakho uma uphuze kakhulu utshwala, ngaphezu kweziphuzo ezi-1 noma ezi-2 ngosuku.
• Uma ubhema, udinga ukuyeka. Cela usizo kubahlinzeki bakho. Ukubhema kuzokwehlisa ukululama kwamanxeba namathambo. Ukululama kwakho kungenzeka kungabi kuhle uma uqhubeka nokubhema.
• Njalo vumela umhlinzeki wakho azi nganoma yikuphi ukubanda, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ukuphuma kwe-herpes, noma okunye ukugula onakho ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho.
• Ungahle ufune ukuvakashela owelapha ngokomzimba ukuze ufunde okunye ukuzivocavoca okufanele ukwenze ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
• Setha ikhaya lakho ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ibe lula.
• Zijwayeze ukusebenzisa umoba, i-walker, izinduku, noma isihlalo esinamasondo kahle.

Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Imvamisa uzocelwa ukuthi ungaphuzi noma ungadli lutho amahora ayisithupha kuya kwayishumi nambili ngaphambi kwenqubo.
• Thatha imishanguzo otshelwe ukuthi uyiphuze ngamanzi amancane.
• Uzotshelwa ukuthi ufika nini esibhedlela.

Uzohlala esibhedlela usuku olungu-1 kuya kwezi-2. Ngaleso sikhathi, uzolulama kwi-anesthesia yakho nasekuhlinzweni uqobo. Uzocelwa ukuthi uqale ukuhamba nokuhamba ngokushesha nje ngosuku lokuqala ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Ukululama ngokugcwele kuzothatha izinyanga ezine ukuya onyakeni.

Abanye abantu badinga ukuhlala isikhashana esikhungweni sokuhlunyeleliswa emuva kokuphuma esibhedlela nangaphambi kokuba baye emakhaya. Esikhungweni sokuvuselela, uzofunda ukuthi ungayenza kanjani ngokuphepha imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.

Imiphumela yokushintshwa ngokuphelele kwamadolo ivame ukuba mihle kakhulu. Ukuhlinzwa kudambisa izinhlungu kubantu abaningi. Iningi labantu alidingi usizo lokuhamba ngemuva kokululama ngokuphelele.

Amalunga amaningi amadolo okufakelwa ahlala iminyaka eyi-10 kuya kwengu-15. Eminye ihlala isikhathi eside njengama-20 eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba ikhululeke futhi idinga ukushintshwa futhi. Ingqikithi yamadolo engashintshwa ingashintshwa futhi uma ikhululeka noma iguga. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi imiphumela ayifani neyokuqala. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungabi nokuhlinzwa kusenesikhathi ngakho-ke uzodinga okunye ukuhlinzwa usemncane noma ukuthi ukwenze sekwephuze kakhulu lapho ungeke uzuze kakhulu. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, kufanele uhlole odokotela abahlinzayo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi izingxenye zenhlanganisela yakho yokufakelwa zisesimweni esihle futhi zisesimweni esihle.

Ukuguqulwa kwamadolo ngokuphelele; Amadolo arthroplasty; Ukufaka amadolo - inani; Ukushintshwa kwamadolo eTricompartmental; Ukuguqulwa kwamadolo kwe-Subvastus; Ukushintshwa kwamadolo - okuhlasela kancane; I-arthroplasty yamadolo - ihlasela kancane; TKA - ukufaka amadolo; I-osteoarthritis - ukushintshwa; OA - ukushintshwa kwamadolo

• Ukuphepha kwamakamelo abantu abadala
• Ukulungisa ikhaya lakho - ukuhlinzwa ngamadolo noma okhalweni
• I-Hip noma idolo esikhundleni - ngemuva - okufanele ubuze udokotela wakho
• Ukushintshwa kwe-Hip noma idolo - ngaphambi - okufanele ubuze udokotela wakho
• Ukufaka amadolo ngokuhlanganyela - ukukhishwa
• Ukuvimbela ukuwa
• Ukuvimbela ukuwa - okufanele ubuze udokotela wakho
• Ukunakekelwa kwesilonda sokuhlinzwa - kuvulekile

• Idolo elihlanganisiwe lokufakelwa kwamadolo
• Ukushintshwa okuhlangene kwamadolo - uchungechunge

I-American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) iwebhusayithi. Ukwelashwa kwe-osteoarthritis yamadolo: umhlahlandlela osuselwa ebufakazini i-2nd edition. aaos.org/globalassets/quality-and-practice-resource/osteoarthritis-of-the-knee/osteoarthritis-of-the-knee-2nd-editiion-clinical-practice-guideline.pdf. Kubuyekezwe uMeyi 18, 2013. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Okthoba 1, 2020.

U-Ellen MI, iForbush DR, iGroomes TE. Ingqikithi ye-arthroplasty yamadolo. Ku: Frontera, WR, Silver JK, Rizzo TD Jr, ama-eds. Okubalulekile Kwemithi Yomzimba Nokuvuselelwa. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 80.

UMihalko WM. I-arthroplasty yamadolo. Ku: Azar FM, Beaty JH, ama-eds. I-Operational Orthopedics yaseCampbellUmhla ka-14. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 7.

Intengo AJ, Alvand A, Troelsen A, et al. Ukushintshwa kwamadolo. I-Lancet. 2018; 392 (10158): 1672-1682. I-PMID: 30496082 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30496082/.

UWilson HA, uMiddleton R, u-Abram SGF, et al. Imiphumela efanelekile yesineke yokushintshwa kwamadolo okuphelele ngaphandle kwegumbi: ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile nokuhlaziywa kwemeta. BMJ. 2019; 21; 364: l352. I-PMID: 30792179 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30792179/.