Khwehlela

Ukukhwehlela kuyindlela ebalulekile yokugcina umphimbo wakho nezindlela zomoya zicacile. Kodwa ukukhwehlela ngokweqile kungasho ukuthi unesifo noma ukuphazamiseka.

Ezinye izikhwehlela zomile. Ezinye ziyakhiqiza. Ukukhwehlela okukhiqizayo yilokho okuletha amafinyila. I-Mucus ibizwa nangokuthi i-phlegm noma i-sputum.

Ukukhwehlela kungaba nzima noma kungapheli:

• Ukukhwehlela okuvamile kuvame ukuqala ngokushesha futhi kuvame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka komkhuhlane, umkhuhlane noma i-sinus. Imvamisa ziyahamba ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu.
• Ukukhwehlela okungaphansi kwamasonto amathathu kuya kwayisishiyagalombili.
• Ukukhwehlela okungapheli kuhlala isikhathi eside kunamasonto ayi-8.

Izimbangela ezivamile zokukhwehlela yilezi:

• Ukungezwani komzimba okubandakanya ikhala noma amasinusi
• I-asthma ne-COPD (i-emphysema noma i-bronchitis engapheli)
• Umkhuhlane ovamile nomkhuhlane
• Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu njenge-pneumonia noma i-bronchitis ebukhali
• I-Sinusitis ene-postnasal drip

Ezinye izimbangela zifaka:

• I-ACE inhibitors (imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophezulu, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, noma izifo zezinso)
• Ukubhema ugwayi noma ukuvezwa intuthu kagwayi
• Isifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal (GERD)
• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu
• Isifo samaphaphu esifana ne-bronchiectasis noma isifo samaphaphu esiphakathi

Uma une-asthma noma esinye isifo esingalapheki samaphaphu, qiniseka ukuthi uphuza imithi enikezwe umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Nawa amanye amathiphu okusiza ukunciphisa ukukhwehlela kwakho:

• Uma unesikhwehlela esomile nesikitazayo, zama amaconsi okukhwehlela noma uswidi onzima. Ungalokothi unikeze ingane engaphansi kweminyaka emithathu ubudala, ngoba ingadala ukuklinya.
• Sebenzisa i-vaporizer noma uthathe ishawa esisheshayo ukwandisa umswakama emoyeni futhi usize ukuthambisa umphimbo owomile.
• Phuza uketshezi oluningi. Uketshezi lusiza ukuncipha amafinyila emphinjeni wakho okwenza kube lula ukulukhwehlela.
• UNGABHALI, futhi deda kude nentuthu kagwayi.

Imithi ongayithenga wedwa ifaka phakathi:

• IGuaifenesin isiza ukuqeda amafinyila. Landela imiyalo yephakeji yokuthi uzothatha malini. UNGAThathi okungaphezu kwenani elinconyiwe. Phuza uketshezi oluningi uma uphuza lo muthi.
• Ama-decongestants asiza ukusula ikhala eligijimayo futhi akhulule ukudonsa kwangemva kokubeletha. Buza kumhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha ama-decongestant uma une-high blood pressure.
• Khuluma nomhlinzeki wengane yakho ngaphambi kokuba unikeze izingane ezineminyaka engama-6 noma ngaphansi umuthi wokukhwehlela ongawusebenzisi, ngisho noma ubhalwe ukuthi izingane. Le mithi kungenzeka ukuthi ayisebenzi ezinganeni, futhi ingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

Uma unenkinga yokungezwani komzimba nesikhathi esithile, njenge-hay fever:

• Hlala ezindlini phakathi nezinsuku noma izikhathi zosuku (imvamisa ekuseni) lapho okweqile komzimba kuphezulu.
• Gcina amawindi evaliwe bese usebenzisa i-air conditioner.
• Ungasebenzisi abalandeli abadonsa umoya ngaphandle.
• Geza futhi ushintshe izingubo zakho ngemuva kokuba ngaphandle.

Uma une-allergies unyaka wonke, vala imicamelo yakho kanye nomatilasi ngezembozo zezintuli, sebenzisa i-air purifier, futhi ugweme izilwane ezifuywayo ezinoboya nezinye izinto ezibangelayo.

Shayela ku-911 uma une:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuphefumula kanzima
• Isifuba noma ubuso obuvuvukile noma umphimbo ngobunzima bokugwinya

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho khona manjalo uma umuntu okhwehlela enokunye kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Isifo senhliziyo, ukuvuvukala emilenzeni yakho, noma ukukhwehlela okuba kubi kakhulu lapho ulele phansi (kungaba yizimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo)
• Uhlangane nomuntu onesifo sofuba
• Ukwehla kwesisindo ngokungenhloso noma ukujuluka ebusuku (kungaba isifo sofuba)
• Ingane engaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu ubudala ekhwehlela
• Ukukhwehlela kuthatha izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-14
• Ukukhwehlela okukhiqiza igazi
• Umkhuhlane (kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka ngamagciwane oludinga ama-antibiotic)
• Umsindo ophakeme kakhulu (obizwa nge-stridor) lapho uphefumulela ngaphakathi
• Umkhuhlane ojiyile, onuka kabi, ophuzi ngokuluhlaza okotshani (kungaba ukutheleleka ngamagciwane)
• Ukukhwehlela okunodlame okuqala ngokushesha

Umhlinzeki uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Uzobuzwa ngokukhwehlela kwakho. Imibuzo ingafaka:

• Lapho ukukhwehlela kwaqala
• Ukuthi kuzwakala kanjani
• Uma kunephethini kuyo
• Yini eyenza kube ngcono noma kubi
• Uma unezinye izimpawu, njengomkhuhlane

Umhlinzeki uzohlola izindlebe zakho, ikhala, umphimbo, nesifuba.

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• I-x-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan
• Ukuhlolwa kwemisebenzi yamaphaphu
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Uvivinyo lokuhlola inhliziyo, njenge-echocardiogram

Ukwelashwa kuya ngesizathu sokukhwehlela.

• Imikhuhlane nomkhuhlane - yini ongayibuza udokotela wakho - umuntu omdala
• Imikhuhlane nomkhuhlane - yini ongayibuza udokotela - ingane yakho
• Lapho ingane noma usana lwakho lunomkhuhlane

• Amaphaphu

UChung KF, Mazzone SB. Khwehlela. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 30.

UKraft M. Indlela eya esigulini esinezifo zokuphefumula. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 83.