Akhwehlele igazi

Ukukhwehlela igazi ukukhafula kwegazi noma amafinyila anegazi avela emaphashini nasemphinjeni (umgudu wokuphefumula).

I-Hemoptysis yigama lezokwelapha lokukhwehlela igazi eliphuma endaweni yokuphefumula.

Ukukhwehlela igazi akufani nokuphuma kwegazi emlonyeni, emphinjeni, noma emathunjini.

Igazi eliza nokukhwehlela livame ukubukeka likhulu ngoba lixubene nomoya namafinyila. Imvamisa iba bomvu ngokugqamile, yize ingahle ibe nombala wokugqwala. Kwesinye isikhathi amafinyila aqukethe imichilo yegazi kuphela.

Umbono uncike ekutheni yini ebangela inkinga. Iningi labantu lenza kahle ngokwelashwa ukwelapha izimpawu kanye nesifo esiyimbangela yaso. Abantu abane-hemoptysis enamandla bangafa.

Izimo eziningi, izifo, kanye nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kungakwenza ukhwehlele igazi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuqina kwegazi emaphashini
• Ukuphefumula ukudla noma enye into emaphashini (pulmonary aspiration)
• I-Bronchoscopy ene-biopsy
• I-Bronchiectasis
• I-bronchitis
• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu
• ICystic fibrosis
• Ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi emaphashini (i-vasculitis)
• Ukulimala emithanjeni yamaphaphu
• Ukucasula umphimbo ngokukhwehlela okunodlame (amanani amancane egazi)
• I-pneumonia noma ezinye izifo zamaphaphu
• I-edema yamaphaphu
• Uhlelo lupus erythematosus
• Isifo sofuba
• Igazi elincanyana kakhulu (kusuka emithini yokuncipha kwegazi, imvamisa kakhulu emazingeni aphakeme kunamazinga anconyiwe)

Imithi eyeka ukukhwehlela (ukucindezela ukukhwehlela) ingasiza uma inkinga ivela ekukhwehleleni okunzima. Le mithi ingaholela ekuvinjelweni komoya, ngakho-ke hlola umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa.

Gcina umbhalo walokho ukhwehlela igazi kuze kube nini, nokuthi lingakanani igazi elixubene namafinyila. Shayela umhlinzeki wakho noma kunini lapho ukhwehlela khona igazi, noma ngabe awunazo ezinye izimpawu.

Thola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ukhwehlela igazi futhi une:

• Ukukhwehlela okukhiqiza amathisipuni amaningi egazi
• Igazi emchameni wakho noma ezihlalweni
• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Isiyezi
• Imfiva
• Ubumhlophe
• Ukuphefumula kanzima

Esimeni esiphuthumayo, umhlinzeki wakho uzokunikeza ukwelashwa ukulawula isimo sakho. Umhlinzeki uzokubuza imibuzo mayelana nokukhwehlela kwakho, njenge:

• Ukhwehlela kangakanani igazi? Ngabe ukhwehlela igazi eliningi ngasikhathi sinye?
• Unayo i-mucus (phlegm) egcwele igazi?
• Ukhwehlele kangaki igazi futhi kwenzeka kangaki?
• Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani inkinga iqhubeka? Ingabe kubi kakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile njengasebusuku?
• Yiziphi ezinye izimpawu onazo?

Umhlinzeki uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba futhi ahlole isifuba sakho namaphaphu. Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• I-Bronchoscopy, isivivinyo sokubuka imigwaqo yomoya
• Isikena se-CT esifubeni
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi
• I-biopsy yamaphaphu
• Iskena semaphaphu
• I-arteriography yamapulmonary
• Amasiko nesikhohlela smear
• Hlola ukuze ubone ukuthi igazi liyaqina yini ngokujwayelekile, njenge-PT noma i-PTT

I-hemoptysis; Ukuchitha igazi; Isikhwehlela esinegazi

I-Brown CA. I-Hemoptysis. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 21.

I-Swartz MH. Isifuba. Ku: Swartz MH, ed. Incwadi Yokuhlola Ukuhlolwa Komzimba. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014: isahluko 10.