Ukudikiza kwemisipha

Ukudonswa kwemisipha ukunyakaza okuhle kwendawo encane yemisipha.

Ukudlikiza kwemisipha kubangelwa ukuncipha kwemisipha okuncane endaweni, noma ukudikiza okungalawuleki kweqembu lezicubu elinikezwa yifayibha eyodwa yemisipha yemisipha.

Ukudonswa kwemisipha kuncane futhi kaningi akubonakali. Ezinye zivamile futhi zivamile. Ezinye ziyizimpawu zesifo sezinzwa.

Izimbangela zingafaka:

• Ukuphazamiseka kokuzivikela komzimba, njenge-Isaac syndrome.
• Ukuphuza ngokweqile kwezidakamizwa (i-caffeine, ama-amphetamine, noma ezinye izikhuthazi).
• Ukungalali.
• Umthelela ohlangothini lwezidakamizwa (njengokusuka ku-diuretics, i-corticosteroids, noma i-estrogens).
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba (ukujija kubonakala ngemuva kokuzivocavoca).
• Ukungabi nezakhi ekudleni (ukuntuleka).
• Ukucindezeleka.
• Izimo zezokwelapha ezidala ukuphazamiseka komzimba, kufaka phakathi i-potassium ephansi, isifo sezinso, ne-uremia.
• Ukudonsa okungabangelwa izifo noma ukuphazamiseka (ama-twinign twitch), okuvame ukuthinta amajwabu amehlo, inkonyane, noma isithupha. Lezi zinguquko zivamile futhi zivame kakhulu, futhi zivame ukubangelwa yingcindezi noma ukukhathazeka. Lezi zinguquko zingafika zidlule, futhi ngokuvamile azihlali ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.

Izimo zesistimu yezinzwa ezingadala ukudikiza kwemisipha zifaka:

• I-Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), futhi kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi yisifo seLou Gehrig noma isifo semoto neurone
• I-neuropathy noma ukulimala kwenzwa okuholela emsipheni
• Umgogodla wokuqina kwemisipha
• Imisipha ebuthakathaka (myopathy)

Izimpawu zesifo se-nervous system zifaka:

• Ukulahlekelwa, noma ukuguquka, ukuzwa
• Ukulahleka kobukhulu bemisipha (ukumosha)
• Ubuthakathaka

Akukho ukwelashwa okudingekayo ekuhlushweni kwemisipha enobungozi ezimweni eziningi. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelapha imbangela yezokwelapha eyisisekelo kungathuthukisa izimpawu.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma unemisipha yesikhathi eside noma ephikelelayo noma uma ukudikiza kwenzeka ngobuthakathaka noma ukulahleka kwemisipha.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzothatha umlando wezokwelapha futhi enze ukuhlolwa komzimba.

Imibuzo yomlando wezokwelapha ingafaka:

• Uqale nini ukukuqaphela ukudikiza?
• Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?
• Uhlangabezana kangaki nokushwiba?
• Yimiphi imisipha ethintekayo?
• Ingabe ihlale isendaweni efanayo?
• Ngabe ukhulelwe?
• Yiziphi ezinye izimpawu onazo?

Ukuhlolwa kuncike kusizathu esisolwayo, futhi kungafaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukubheka izinkinga ngama-electrolyte, ukusebenza kwendlala yegilo, kanye namakhemikhali egazi
• I-CT scan yomgogodla noma ubuchopho
• I-Electromyogram (EMG)
• Izifundo zokuqhuba izinzwa
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI komgogodla noma ubuchopho

Ukuthakazelisa kwemisipha; Ukubukeka kwemisipha

• Imisipha yangaphakathi ejulile
• Imisipha yangaphandle engaphezulu
• Ama-tendon nemisipha
• Imisipha yomlenze engezansi

UDeluca GC, uGriggs RC. Indlela eya esigulini esinesifo se-neurologic. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 368.

IHolo JE, iHholo ME. Ukuhlukaniswa kwemisipha yamathambo. Ku: IHholo JE, iHholo ME, ama-eds. Incwadi kaGuyton neHholo yePhysical Physiology. Umhlaka 14. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 6.

U-Weissenborn K, uLockwood AH. I-encephalopathies enobuthi ne-metabolic. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 84.