I-MRI yesifuba

Ukuhlolwa kwesifuba se-MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) ukuhlolwa kwemifanekiso okusebenzisa amandla amakhulu kazibuthe kanye namagagasi omsakazo ukudala izithombe zesifuba (indawo ye-thoracic). Ayisebenzisi imisebe (x-ray).

Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• Ungacelwa ukuthi ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela noma okokugqoka ngaphandle kokufakwa izinsimbi (okufana namabhulukwe ajulile nesikibha). Izinhlobo ezithile zensimbi zingadala izithombe ezifiphele noma zibe yingozi ukungena egumbini lesithwebuli.
• Ulele etafuleni elincane, elingena kusikena esikhulu esimise umhubhe.
• Kufanele uthule ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ngoba ukunyakaza kubangela izithombe ezifiphalisiwe. Ungatshelwa ukuthi ubambe umoya wakho isikhathi esifushane.

Ezinye izivivinyo zidinga udayi okhethekile obizwa ngokuthi umehluko. Idayi ivame ukunikezwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa ngomthambo (IV) osesandleni sakho noma engalweni. Idayi isiza udokotela we-radiologist ukuthi abone izindawo ezithile ngokucace kakhudlwana. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukukala ukusebenza kwezinso zakho kungenziwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Lokhu ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi izinso zakho ziphilile ngokwanele ukuhlunga umehluko.

Ngesikhathi seMRI, umuntu osebenzisa umshini uzokubuka ukwelinye igumbi. Ukuhlolwa kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu engama-30 kuye kwangama-60, kepha kungathatha isikhathi eside.

Ungacelwa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze noma yini amahora amane kuya kwayisithupha ngaphambi kokuskena.

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho uma ngabe une-claustrophobic (wesaba izikhala ezivaliwe). Unganikezwa umuthi ozokusiza uzizwe ulele futhi ungakhathazeki kangako. Umhlinzeki wakho angaphakamisa i-MRI "evulekile", lapho umshini ungasondelene kakhulu nomzimba wakho.

Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, tshela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uma une:

• Iziqeshana ze-aneurysm zobuchopho
• Amaphayiphu enhliziyo yokufakelwa
• Inhliziyo defibrillator noma i-pacemaker
• Ukufakwa kwendlebe kwangaphakathi (cochlear)
• Isifo sezinso noma sikwi-dialysis (ungahle ungakwazi ukuthola umehluko)
• Amalunga wokufakelwa asanda kufakwa
• Ama-vascular stents
• Kusetshenziswe ngensimbi yensimbi esikhathini esedlule (ungadinga ukuhlolwa ukuhlola izingcezu zensimbi emehlweni akho)

I-MRI iqukethe odonsa abanamandla, ngakho-ke izinto zensimbi azivunyelwe ukungena egumbini elinesithwebuli se-MRI. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kunengozi yokuthi zizodonswa emzimbeni wakho ziye kusithwebuli. Izibonelo zezinto zensimbi ozodinga ukuzisusa yilezi:

• Amapeni, imimese ephaketheni nezibuko zamehlo
• Izinto ezinjengobucwebe, amawashi, amakhadi esikweletu nezinsiza-kuzwa
• Izikhonkwane, okokufaka izinwele, noziphu bensimbi
• Umsebenzi wamazinyo ongasuswa

Amanye amadivayisi amasha achazwe ngenhla ahambisana ne-MRI, ngakho-ke i-radiologist idinga ukuhlola umenzi wedivayisi ukuthola ukuthi kungenzeka yini i-MRI.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI akubangeli buhlungu. Uma unenkinga yokulala unganyakazi noma unovalo kakhulu, unganikezwa umuthi wokuphumula. Ukunyakaza okuningi kungafiphaza izithombe ze-MRI futhi kudale amaphutha lapho udokotela ebuka izithombe.

Itafula lingaba nzima noma libande, kepha ungacela ingubo noma umcamelo. Umshini ukhiqiza imisindo emikhulu yokuqhuma nokuhayiza lapho uvuliwe. Ungafaka ama-plugs endlebe ukusiza ukunciphisa umsindo.

I-intercom egumbini ikuvumela ukuba ukhulume nomuntu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Amanye ama-MRIs anamathelevishini namahedfoni akhethekile ongawasebenzisa ukusiza isikhathi sidlule.

Asikho isikhathi sokululama, ngaphandle kokuthi unikwe umuthi wokuphumula. Ngemuva kokuskena kwe-MRI, ungaqhubeka nokudla kwakho okujwayelekile, umsebenzi, kanye nemithi.

I-MRI yesifuba inikeza izithombe eziningiliziwe zezicubu ngaphakathi kwesifuba. Ngokuvamile, akukuhle ukubuka amaphaphu njengokuhlolwa kwesifuba se-CT, kepha kungaba ngcono kwezinye izicubu.

I-MRI yesifuba ingenziwa ku:

• Nikeza enye indlela yokuthola i-angiography, noma uvikele ukuvezwa kaningi emisebeni
• Cacisa okutholakele kuma-x-ray angaphambilini noma ngezikena ze-CT
• Thola ukukhula okungajwayelekile esifubeni
• Linganisa ukugeleza kwegazi
• Khombisa ama-lymph node nemithambo yegazi
• Khombisa ukwakheka kwesifuba ezinhlangothini eziningi
• Bona ukuthi umdlavuza esifubeni ususabalele nakwezinye izindawo zomzimba (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isiteji - kusiza ukuhola ukwelashwa nokulandelwa kwesikhathi esizayo, futhi kukunikeze umbono wokuthi yini ongayilindela esikhathini esizayo)
• Thola izimila

Umphumela ojwayelekile usho ukuthi indawo yakho yesifuba ibonakala ijwayelekile.

Isifuba esingajwayelekile se-MRI kungenzeka ngenxa ye:

• Ukudabuka odongeni, ukunwetshwa okungajwayelekile noma ukubhaliswa kwebhaluni, noma ukuncipha komthambo omkhulu okhipha igazi enhliziyweni (aorta)
• Olunye ushintsho olungajwayelekile lwemithambo yegazi emaphashini noma esifubeni
• Ukwakhiwa kwegazi noma uketshezi oluzungeze inhliziyo noma amaphaphu
• Umdlavuza wamaphaphu noma umdlavuza osabalalele emaphashini usuka kwenye indawo emzimbeni
• Umdlavuza noma izimila zenhliziyo
• Umdlavuza noma izicubu zesifuba, njenge-thymus tumor
• Isifo lapho imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthakathaka, yelulwe, noma inenye inkinga yokwakhiwa (i-cardiomyopathy)
• Ukuqoqwa koketshezi oluzungeze amaphaphu (i-pleural effusion)
• Ukulimala nokwandiswa kwemigwaqo yomoya emikhulu yamaphaphu (bronchiectasis)
• Ama-lymph node akhulisiwe
• Ukutheleleka kwezicubu zenhliziyo noma i-valve yenhliziyo
• Umdlavuza we-Esophageal
• I-Lymphoma esifubeni
• Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kwenhliziyo
• Izimila, amaqhuqhuva, noma ama-cysts esifubeni

I-MRI ayisebenzisi imisebe. Kuze kube manje, akukho miphumela emibi evela kumandla kazibuthe namagagasi omsakazo abikiwe.

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuqhathanisa (udayi) olusetshenzisiwe yi-gadolinium. Kuphephe kakhulu. Ukusabela okweqile kulesisithako akuvamile ukwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, i-gadolinium ingaba yingozi kubantu abanezinkinga zezinso abadinga i-dialysis. Uma unezinkinga zezinso, tshela umhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Amandla kazibuthe aqinile adalwe ngesikhathi seMRI angadala ukuthi izinhliziyo zisebenze futhi nezinye izinto zokufakelwa zingasebenzi. Kungadala nokuthi ucezu lwensimbi ngaphakathi komzimba wakho luhambe noma lushintshe.

Njengamanje, i-MRI ayithathwa njengethuluzi elibalulekile lokuqapha noma lokuqapha ushintsho oluncane ezicutshini zamaphaphu. Amaphaphu aqukethe kakhulu umoya futhi kunzima ukuwakhombisa. I-CT scan ivame ukuba ngcono ukuqapha lezi zinguquko.

Izinkinga ze-MRI zifaka:

• Izindleko eziphezulu
• Ubude obude bokuskena
• Ukuzwela ukunyakaza

Umsindo kazibuthe wenuzi - isifuba; Imagnetic resonance imaging - isifuba; NMR - isifuba; I-MRI yesifuba; I-MRI yethoracic

• Ukulungiswa kwe-aortic aneurysm esiswini - ukuvula - ukukhipha

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI
• I-Vertebra, i-thoracic (emuva emuva)
• Izitho zomzimba

U-Ackman JB. I-Thoracic magnetic resonance imaging: inqubo nendlela yokuxilonga. Ku: Shephard J-AO, ed. TUkucabanga nge-horacic: Izidingo. 3rd ed. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 3.

IGotway MB, iPanse PM, iGruden JF, i-Elicker BM. I-radiology ye-Thoracic: isithombe sokuhlola esingahlaseli. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 18.