Ama-x-ray wamazinyo

Ama-x-ray wamazinyo awuhlobo lwesithombe samazinyo nomlomo. Ama-X-ray awuhlobo lwemisebe ephezulu kagesi kagesi. Ama-x-ray angena emzimbeni akha isithombe kwifilimu noma esikrinini. I-X-ray ingaba yedijithali noma ithuthukiswe kwifilimu.

Izakhiwo eziminyene (njengokugcwaliswa kwesiliva noma ukubuyiselwa kwensimbi) kuzovimba amandla amaningi okukhanya avela kwi-x-ray. Lokhu kuzenza zibonakale zimhlophe esithombeni. Izakhiwo eziqukethe umoya zizoba mnyama namazinyo, izicubu, noketshezi kuzovela njengezithunzi ezimpunga.

Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela wamazinyo. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-x-ray wamazinyo. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Ukubhoboza. Kukhonjiswa izingxenye zomqhele zamazinyo aphezulu nangaphansi ndawonye lapho umuntu eluma kuthebhu elumayo.
• I-Periapical. Ibonisa amazinyo ayi-1 noma ama-2 aphelele kusuka kusiqhele kuya empandeni.
• I-Palatal (ebizwa nangokuthi i-occlusal). Ibamba wonke amazinyo aphezulu noma aphansi ngokudutshulwa okukodwa ngenkathi ifilimu ihlala endaweni elumayo yamazinyo.
• Kubanzi. Kudinga umshini okhethekile ozungeza ikhanda. I-x-ray ibamba yonke imihlathi namazinyo ngokudubula okukodwa. Isetshenziselwa ukuhlela ukwelashwa kokufakwa kwamazinyo, hlola amazinyo okuhlakanipha anomthelela, nokuthola izinkinga zomhlathi. I-x-ray ye-panoramic akuyona indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola izimbotshana, ngaphandle uma ukubola sekuthuthuke kakhulu futhi kujule.
• I-Cephalometric. Yethula ukubuka kohlangothi kobuso futhi imele ubudlelwane bomhlathi komunye nomunye nakwezinye izakhiwo. Kuyasiza ukuxilonga noma yiziphi izinkinga zomoya.

Odokotela abaningi bamazinyo nabo bathatha ama-x-ray besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bedijithali. Lezi zithombe zihamba ngekhompyutha. Inani lemisebe enikezwe ngesikhathi senqubo lingaphansi kwezindlela zendabuko. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-x-ray wamazinyo angakha isithombe somhlathi esingu-3-D. Isigaxa seCone beam computerised tomography (CBCT) singasetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwamazinyo, njengalapho kufakwa izimila eziningana.

Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile. Udinga ukususa noma yiziphi izinto zensimbi endaweni yokuchayeka kwe-x-ray. Iphinifa eliholayo lingabekwa emzimbeni wakho. Tshela udokotela wamazinyo wakho uma kungenzeka ukhulelwe.

I-x-ray ngokwayo ayibangeli ukungakhululeki. Ukuluma esiqeshini sefilimu kwenza abanye abantu bajabule. Ukuphefumula kancane, ukuphefumula ngamakhala kuvame ukukhulula lo muzwa. Kokubili i-CBCT ne-cephalometric x-ray azidingi izingcezu ezilumayo.

Ama-x-ray wamazinyo asiza ukuxilonga izifo nokulimala kwamazinyo nezinsini kanye nokusiza ukuhlela ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ama-x-ray ajwayelekile akhombisa inombolo ejwayelekile, ukwakheka, nokuma kwamazinyo namathambo emihlathi. Azikho izimbotshana noma ezinye izinkinga.

Ama-x-ray wamazinyo angasetshenziswa ukukhomba okulandelayo:

• Inombolo, ubukhulu, nokuma kwamazinyo
• Amazinyo athintekile kancane noma ngokugcwele
• Ukuba khona nokuqina kokubola kwamazinyo (okubizwa ngokuthi ama-cavities noma ama-dental caries)
• Ukulimala kwethambo (okufana nesifo sezinsini esibizwa nge-periodontitis)
• Amazinyo angenalutho
• Umhlathi oqhekekile
• Izinkinga ngendlela amazinyo aphezulu nangaphansi ahlangana ngayo (malocclusion)
• Okunye ukungajwayelekile kwamazinyo namathambo emihlathi

Kukhona ukutholakala kwemisebe okuphansi kakhulu kusuka kuma-x-ray wamazinyo. Kodwa-ke, akekho umuntu okufanele athole imisebe engaphezulu kwesidingo. Iphinifa eliholayo lingasetshenziselwa ukumboza umzimba nokunciphisa ukuvezwa kwemisebe. Abesifazane abakhulelwe akufanele bathathwe ama-x-ray ngaphandle uma kunesidingo.

Ama-x-ray wamazinyo angaveza izimbotshana zamazinyo ngaphambi kokuthi zibonakale emtholampilo, ngisho nakudokotela wamazinyo. Odokotela abaningi bamazinyo bazothatha ama-bitewings minyaka yonke ukubheka ukukhula kokuqala kwezikhala eziphakathi kwamazinyo.

X-ray - amazinyo; I-Radiograph - yamazinyo; Ama-bitewings; Ifilimu ye-Periapical; Ifilimu yePanoramic; I-Xephalometric x-ray; Isithombe sedijithali

UBrame JL, uHunt LC, uNesbit SP. Isigaba sokunakekelwa. Ku: Stefanac SJ, Nesbit SP, ama-eds. Ukuxilongwa Nokuhlelwa Kokwelashwa Kwezamazinyo. 3rd ed. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 11.

I-Dhar V. I-radiology yokuxilonga ekuhlolweni kwamazinyo. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 343.

Igolide L, Williams TP. Izicubu ze-Odontogenic: i-pathology yokuhlinzwa nokuphathwa. Ku: Fonseca RJ, ed. Ukuhlinzwa Komlomo Kanye Ne-Maxillofacial. 3rd ed. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahl18.