I-ophthalmoscopy

I-Ophthalmoscopy ukuhlolwa kwengxenye engemuva yeso (fundus), efaka i-retina, i-optic disc, i-choroid, nemithambo yegazi.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-ophthalmoscopy.

• I-ophthalmoscopy eqondile. Uzohlala egumbini elimnyama. Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo wenza lokhu kuhlolwa ngokukhanyisa umsebe wokukhanya ngomfundi esebenzisa insimbi ebizwa nge-ophthalmoscope. I-ophthalmoscope icishe ilingane nethoshi. Inamalensi amancane alula ahlukile avumela umhlinzeki ukuthi abuke ngemuva kwenhlamvu yeso.
• I-ophthalmoscopy engaqondile. Ungaqamba amanga noma uhlale endaweni esezingeni eliphansi. Umhlinzeki ugcina iso lakho livulekile ngenkathi ekhanyisa isibani esikhanya kakhulu esweni esebenzisa okokusebenza okugqokwa ekhanda. (Ithuluzi libukeka njengokukhanya komvukuzi.) Umhlinzeki ubuka ngemuva kweso ngeso elibanjwe eduze kweso lakho. Ingcindezi ethile ingasetshenziswa esweni kusetshenziswa iphenyi encane, ebuthuntu. Uzocelwa ukuthi ubheke ezinhlangothini ezahlukahlukene. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukubheka i-retina ethintekile.
• Isigaxa se-ophthalmoscopy. Uzohlala esihlalweni ngensimbi ebekwe phambi kwakho. Uzocelwa ukuthi uphumule isilevu nebunzi lakho ekusekeleni ukuze ugcine ikhanda lakho lizinzile. Umhlinzeki uzosebenzisa ingxenye yesibonakhulu yesibani esisikiwe kanye nelensi encane ebekwe eduze ngaphambili kweso. Umhlinzeki angabona ngokufana nale nqubo njengakwi-ophthalmoscopy engaqondile, kepha ngokukhulisa okuphezulu.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-ophthalmoscopy kuthatha imizuzu emihlanu kuya kwengu-10.

I-ophthalmoscopy engaqondile ne-slit-lamp ophthalmoscopy zivame ukwenziwa ngemuva kokubekwa kwamehlo ukukhulisa (ukunweba) abafundi. I-ophthalmoscopy eqondile kanye ne-slit-lamp ophthalmoscopy ingenziwa noma ngaphandle komfundi ovulekile.

Kufanele utshele umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Ingabe iguliswa yimiphi imithi
• Ingabe bathatha noma yimiphi imithi
• Iba ne-glaucoma noma umlando womndeni we-glaucoma

Ukukhanya okukhanyayo kuzobe kungakhululeki, kepha isivivinyo asibuhlungu.

Ungabona kafushane izithombe ngemuva kokukhanya kokukhanya emehlweni akho. Ukukhanya kukhanya nge-ophthalmoscopy engaqondile, ngakho-ke ukuzwa kokubona izithombe ezingemuva kungaba kukhulu.

Ingcindezi esweni ngesikhathi se-ophthalmoscopy engaqondile kungenzeka ingakhululeki, kepha akufanele kube buhlungu.

Uma kusetshenziswa amehlo, angaluma kancane uma efakwa emehlweni. Ungase futhi ube nokunambitheka okungavamile emlonyeni wakho.

I-Ophthalmoscopy yenziwa njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwamehlo okujwayelekile noma okuphelele.

Isetshenziselwa ukuthola nokuhlola izimpawu zamasosha e-retinal noma izifo zamehlo ezifana ne-glaucoma.

I-Ophthalmoscopy nayo ingenziwa uma unezimpawu noma izimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, noma ezinye izifo ezithinta imithambo yegazi.

I-retina, imithambo yegazi ne-optic disc kubonakala kuyinto ejwayelekile.

Imiphumela engajwayelekile ingabonakala ku-ophthalmoscopy nganoma iyiphi yalezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuvuvukala kwegciwane le-retina (CMV retinitis)
• Isifo sikashukela
• I-Glaucoma
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• Ukulahleka kombono obukhali ngenxa yokuwohloka kwe-macular okuhlobene nobudala
• I-Melanoma yeso
• Izinkinga zemizwa ye-Optic
• Ukwehlukaniswa kolwelwesi oluzwela ukukhanya (i-retina) ngemuva kweso kusuka ezingxenyeni zalo ezisekelayo (izinyembezi zamehlo noma ithimba)

I-Ophthalmoscopy ibhekwa njengeyi-90% kuya ku-95% enembile. Iyakwazi ukubona izigaba zokuqala nemiphumela yezifo eziningi ezimbi. Ezimweni ezingatholakali nge-ophthalmoscopy, kukhona amanye amasu namadivayisi angasiza.

Uma uthola amaconsi ukuze uvule amehlo akho nge-ophthalmoscopy, umbono wakho uzofiphala.

• Gqoka izibuko zelanga ukuvikela amehlo akho elangeni, okungalimaza amehlo akho.
• Yiba nomuntu okushayela ekhaya.
• Amaconsi avame ukuphela emahoreni amaningana.

Ukuhlolwa ngokwako akubandakanyi ubungozi. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ama-eyedrops ahlukanisayo abangela:

• Ukuhlaselwa kwe-glaucoma enezingqimba ezincane
• Isiyezi
• Ukoma komlomo
• Ukuqhuma
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza

Uma kusolwa i-glaucoma ewumkhawulo omncane, imvamisa amaconsi avulekayo awasetshenziswa.

Funduscopy; Ukuhlolwa kweFunduscopic

• Iso
• Ukubuka eceleni kweso (isigaba esisikiwe)

U-Atebara NH, uMiller D, uThall EH. Izinsimbi zamehlo. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ama-eds. I-Ophthalmology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 2.5.

I-Ball JW, i-Dains JE, i-Flynn JA, i-Solomon BS, i-Stewart RW. Amehlo. Ku: Ball JW, Dains JE, Flynn JA, Solomon BS, Stewart RW, ama-eds. Umhlahlandlela kaSeidel Wokuhlolwa Komzimba. Umhlaka 8. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby; 2015: isahluko 11.

UFeder RS, u-Olsen TW, uPrum BE Jr, et al. Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo kwabantu abadala okuphelele okuncomekayo imihlahlandlela yephethini yokwenza. I-Ophthalmology. 2016; 123 (1): 209-236. I-PMID: 26581558 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26581558.