Isigaxa se-biopsy

I-cone biopsy (conization) ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isampula lezicubu ezingajwayelekile zomlomo wesibeletho. Umlomo wesibeletho yingxenye engezansi yesibeletho (isibeletho) evuleka ngaphezulu kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Izinguquko ezingajwayelekile kumaseli ebusweni bomlomo wesibeletho zibizwa nge-cervical dysplasia.

Le nqubo yenziwa esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sokuhlinzwa. Ngesikhathi senqubo:

• Uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile (ilele futhi ayinazinhlungu), noma imithi ezokusiza uphumule futhi uzizwe ulele.
• Uzolala etafuleni bese ubeka izinyawo zakho kuma-stirrup ukubeka i-pelvis yakho ukuhlolwa. Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzobeka into ethile (i-speculum) esithweni sakho sangasese ukuze ubone kangcono umlomo wesibeletho.
• Isampula elincane elenziwe ngesigaxa lezicubu liyasuswa emlonyeni wesibeletho. Inqubo ingenziwa kusetshenziswa intambo yocingo evuthwa ngamandla kagesi (inqubo ye-LEEP), isikali (umkhuhlane wommese obandayo), noma ugongolo lwe-laser.
• Umsele wesibeletho ngaphezu kwe-biopsy yesigaxa nawo ungasuswa ukususa amaseli ukuze ahlolwe. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-endocervical curettage (ECC).
• Isampuli ihlolwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuthola izimpawu zomdlavuza. Le biopsy futhi ingaba ukwelashwa uma umhlinzeki esusa zonke izicubu ezigulayo.

Isikhathi esiningi, uzokwazi ukuya ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo nenqubo.

Ungacelwa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze amahora ayisithupha kuya kwangu-8 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Ngemuva kwenqubo, ungahle ube nokucinana noma ukungaphatheki kahle isikhathi esingangesonto. Gwema cishe amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha:

• I-Douching (i-douching akufanele yenziwe)
• Ukuya ocansini
• Kusetshenziswa amathamponi

Emasontweni amabili kuya kwamathathu ngemuva kwenqubo, ungahle ukhishwe okungukuthi:

• Igazi
• Kuyasinda
• Umbala ophuzi

I-Cone biopsy yenziwa ukuthola umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho noma izinguquko zakuqala eziholela kumdlavuza. Ukuhlolwa kwesigaxa kwenziwa uma uhlolo olubizwa nge-colposcopy lungakwazi ukuthola imbangela yePap smear engajwayelekile.

I-biopsy yesigaxa nayo ingasetshenziselwa ukwelapha:

• Izinhlobo ezilingene kuya kwezinzima zokushintsha kweseli okungavamile (okubizwa nge-CIN II noma i-CIN III)
• Umdlavuza wesibeletho wokuqala kakhulu (isigaba 0 noma i-IA1)

Umphumela ojwayelekile usho ukuthi awekho amangqamuzana angaphambi komdlavuza noma anomdlavuza emlomo wesibeletho.

Imvamisa, imiphumela engajwayelekile isho ukuthi kunamaseli anomdlavuza noma onomdlavuza emlomo wesibeletho. Lezi zinguquko zibizwa ngokuthi yi-cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Izinguquko zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ama-3:

• I-CIN I - i-dysplasia emnene
• I-CIN II - i-dysplasia emaphakathi nendawo
• I-CIN III - i-dysplasia eqatha ku-carcinoma in situ

Imiphumela engajwayelekile futhi ingabangelwa umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.

Izingozi ze-cone biopsy zifaka:

• Ukopha
• Umlomo wesibeletho ongenamandla (okungaholela ekulethweni ngaphambi kwesikhathi)
• Ukutheleleka
• Ukuqhekeka komlomo wesibeletho (okungadala izikhathi ezibuhlungu, ukulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, nobunzima bokukhulelwa)
• Ukulimala kwesinye noma i-rectum

I-biopsy yesigaxa nayo ingenza kube nzima kumhlinzeki wakho ukuhumusha imiphumela engajwayelekile yePap smear ngokuzayo.

Biopsy - Isigaxa; Ukuhlanganiswa komlomo wesibeletho; CKC; I-neoplasia yomlomo wesibeletho - i-cone biopsy; I-CIN - i-cone biopsy; Izinguquko ezibangelwa umdlavuza wesibeletho - i-cone biopsy; Umdlavuza wesibeletho - i-cone biopsy; I-squamous intraepithelial lesion - i-cone biopsy; I-LSIL - i-cone biopsy; HSIL - Isigaxa biopsy; I-biopsy esezingeni eliphansi; I-biopsy esezingeni eliphakeme; I-Carcinoma in situ-cone biopsy; I-CIS - i-cone biopsy; I-ASCUS - i-cone biopsy; Amaseli we-Atypical glandular - i-cone biopsy; I-AGUS - i-cone biopsy; Amaseli we-atypical squamous - i-cone biopsy; Pap smear - Isigaxa biopsy; HPV - Isigaxa biopsy; Igciwane le-papilloma lomuntu - i-cone biopsy; Umlomo wesibeletho - i-cone biopsy; Colposcopy - Isigaxa biopsy

• I-anatomy yokuzala yabesifazane
• Isigaxa esibandayo
• Ukususwa kwesigaxa esibandayo

UCohen PA, uJhingran A, u-Oaknin A, uDenny L. Umdlavuza wesibeletho. I-Lancet. 2019; 393 (10167): 169-182. I-PMID: 30638582 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30638582/.

USalcedo MP, Baker ES, Schmeler KM. I-neoplasia ye-Intraepithelial yomgudu ophansi wobulili (umlomo wesibeletho, isitho sangasese sowesifazane, isitho sangasese): i-etiology, ukuhlolwa, ukuxilongwa, ukuphathwa. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. I-Gynecology ephelele. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 28.

UWatson LA. Ukuhlanganiswa komlomo wesibeletho. Ku: Fowler GC, ed. Izinqubo zikaPfenninger noFowler zokuNakekela okuyisisekelo. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 128.