Ukuhlinzwa kokudlula kwenhliziyo - kukuhlasela kancane

Ukuhlinzwa kokudlula kwenhliziyo kwakha umzila omusha, obizwa ngokuthi ukudlula, ukuze igazi neoksijini kufinyelele enhliziyweni yakho.

Ukudlula umthambo omncane we-coronary (heart) omncane kungenziwa ngaphandle kokumisa inhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, awudingi ukufakwa emshinini wenhliziyo namaphaphu ngale nqubo.

Ukwenza lokhu kuhlinzwa:

• Udokotela ohlinzayo wenhliziyo uzokwenza ukusika kokuhlinza okungamasentimitha ama-8 kuye kwayi-5 (amasentimitha angu-8 kuye kwayi-13) engxenyeni engakwesokunxele sesifuba sakho phakathi kwezimbambo zakho ukufinyelela inhliziyo yakho.
• Imisipha endaweni izodudulwa ihlukaniswe. Ingxenye encane engaphambili yobambo, ebizwa ngokuthi uqwanga olubizayo, izosuswa.
• Udokotela ohlinzayo uzobe esethola futhi alungiselele umthambo odongeni lwesifuba sakho (umthambo wangaphakathi wamabele) wokunamathisela emthanjeni wakho we-coronary ovinjiwe.
• Okulandelayo, udokotela ohlinzayo uzosebenzisa ama-suture ukuxhuma umthambo wesifuba olungiselelwe nomthambo we-coronary ovinjiwe.

Ngeke ube semshinini wenhliziyo namaphaphu kulokhu kuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, uzoba ne-anesthesia ejwayelekile ngakho-ke uzobe ulele ungezwa buhlungu. Idivayisi izonamathiselwa enhliziyweni yakho ukuyisimamisa. Uzothola nemithi yokwehlisa inhliziyo.

Ungaba neshubhu esifubeni sakho ukuthola amanzi oketshezi. Lokhu kuzosuswa ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili.

Udokotela wakho angancoma ukudlula komthambo we-coronary bypass omncane uma uvinjelwe umthambo owodwa noma emibili yemithambo yegazi, imvamisa ngaphambili kwenhliziyo.

Lapho umthambo owodwa noma eminingi yemithambo yegazi ivinjwe ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele, inhliziyo yakho ayilitholi igazi elanele. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yischemic disease or coronary artery disease. Kungadala ubuhlungu besifuba (angina).

Kungenzeka ukuthi udokotela wakho uqale wazama ukukuphatha ngemithi. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wazama nokuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njenge-angioplasty ene-stenting.

Isifo semithambo yegazi siyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu. Ukuhlinzwa kokudlula kwenhliziyo wuhlobo olulodwa lwezokwelapha. Akulungele wonke umuntu.

Ukuhlinzwa noma izinqubo ezingenziwa esikhundleni sokudlula kwenhliziyo okuncane yilezi:

• Ukubekwa kwe-Angioplasty nokuqina
• Ukudlula eCoronary

Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngezingozi zokuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile, izingqinamba zokudlula komthambo we-coronary bypass omncane ziphansi kunokuhlinzwa okuvulekile komthambo we-coronary.

Izingozi ezihlobene nanoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa zifaka:

• Amahlule egazi emilenzeni angahamba aye emaphashini
• Ukwehla kwegazi
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Isifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi
• Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu, umgudu wokuchama, nesifuba
• Ukulimala kwesikhashana noma unomphela kobuchopho

Izingozi ezingenzeka zokudlula komthambo we-coronary zihlanganisa:

• Ukulahleka kwememori, ukulahleka kokucaca kwengqondo, noma "ukucabanga okungaqondakali." Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu kubantu abane-artery ye-coronary bypass encane kuneyabantu abane-open coronary bypass.
• Izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo (arrhythmia).
• Ukutheleleka kwesilonda esifubeni. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu uma ukhuluphele, unesifo sikashukela, noma uke wahlinzwa ngokudlula kwenhliziyo esikhathini esidlule.
• Umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi nobuhlungu besifuba (ndawonye obubizwa nge-postpericardiotomy syndrome), obungahlala izinyanga eziyisithupha.
• Ubuhlungu esizeni sokusikwa.
• Isidingo esingaba khona sokuguqulela kunqubo ejwayelekile ngomshini we-bypass ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Hlala utshela udokotela wakho ukuthi udla muphi umuthi, ngisho nezidakamizwa noma amakhambi owathengile ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela.

Phakathi nezinsuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa:

• Isikhathi samasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ungacelwa ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezenza kube nzima ngegazi lakho ukuminyana. Lokhu kungadala ukopha okwengeziwe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Kubandakanya i-aspirin, ibuprofen (njenge-Advil neMotrin), i-naproxen (efana ne-Aleve neNaprosyn), nezinye izidakamizwa ezifanayo. Uma uthatha i-clopidogrel (i-Plavix), buza udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ukuthi kufanele uyeke nini ukuyithatha ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
• Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yimiphi imishanguzo okufanele usayiphuza ngosuku lokuhlinzwa.
• Uma ubhema, zama ukuyeka. Cela usizo kudokotela wakho.
• Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma unomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ukuphuma kwe-herpes, noma esinye isifo.
• Lungisa ikhaya lakho ukuze ukwazi ukuhamba kalula lapho ubuya esibhedlela.

Ngosuku olungaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Ukugeza kanye ne-shampoo kahle.
• Ungacelwa ukuthi ugeze wonke umzimba wakho ngaphansi kwensipho yakho ngensipho ekhethekile. Khuhla isifuba sakho amahlandla ama-2 noma ama-3 ngale nsipho.

Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa:

• Imvamisa uzocelwa ukuthi ungaphuzi noma ungadli lutho ngemuva kwamabili ebusuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-chewing gum nokusebenzisa umoya ophefumulayo. Hlanza umlomo wakho ngamanzi uma uzizwa womile, kodwa qaphela ukuthi ungagwinyi.
• Thatha izidakamizwa udokotela wakho akutshele ukuthi uziphuze ngophuzo oluncane lwamanzi.

Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi uzofika nini esibhedlela.

Ungakwazi ukuphuma esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwakho. Udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzokutshela ukuthi ungazinakekela kanjani ekhaya. Ungakwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini ejwayelekile ngemuva kwamasonto amabili noma amathathu.

Ukubuyiselwa esimweni sokuhlinzwa kuthatha isikhathi, futhi ungahle ungaziboni izinzuzo ezigcwele zokuhlinzwa kwakho izinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6. Kubantu abaningi abanezinhliziyo ezidlula ukuhlinzwa, ama-grafti ahlala evulekile futhi asebenza kahle iminyaka eminingi.

Lokhu kuhlinzwa akuvimbeli ukuvimba ukuthi kungabuyi. Noma kunjalo, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ijubane. Izinto ongazenza zifaka:

• Ungabhemi.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo enhliziyweni.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo.
• Yelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ushukela ophakeme wegazi (uma unesifo sikashukela), ne-cholesterol ephezulu.

Ungahle ube nezinkinga ngemithambo yegazi lakho uma unesifo sezinso noma ezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha.

Ukudlula emthanjeni we-coronary ngqo omncane kakhulu; I-MIDCAB; Ukudlula umthambo we-coronary asizwa ngamarobhothi; I-RACAB; Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo ukhiye; I-CAD - MIDCAB; Isifo semithambo yegazi Coronary - MIDCAB

• I-Angina - ukukhishwa
• U-Angina - ukuthi ubuze ini kudokotela wakho
• I-Angina - lapho unezinhlungu esifubeni
• Ukukhishwa kwe-angioplasty ne-stent - inhliziyo
• Izidakamizwa ze-antiplatelet - P2Y12 inhibitors
• I-Aspirin nesifo senhliziyo
• Ukuphepha kwamakamelo abantu abadala
• Ukusebenza ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo
• Ukusebenza lapho unesifo senhliziyo
• Ibhotela, imajarini namafutha okupheka
• I-catheterization yenhliziyo - ukukhishwa
• Cholesterol nendlela yokuphila
• I-cholesterol - ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa
• Ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• Kuchazwe amafutha ezokudla
• Amathiphu okudla okusheshayo
• Isifo senhliziyo - ukukhipha
• Isifo senhliziyo - okufanele ubuze udokotela wakho
• Ukuhlinzwa kokudlula kwenhliziyo - ukukhipha okungatheni okweqile
• Isifo senhliziyo - izici eziyingozi
• Inhliziyo pacemaker - ukukhipha
• Uwafunda kanjani amalebula okudla
• Ukudla okunosawoti omningi
• Ukudla kwaseMedithera
• Ukuvimbela ukuwa
• Ukunakekelwa kwesilonda sokuhlinzwa - kuvulekile

• Inhliziyo - ukubuka kwangaphambili
• Imithambo yenhliziyo engemuva
• Imithambo yenhliziyo yangaphakathi
• Umthambo weCoronary stent
• Ukuhlinzwa kokudlula kwenhliziyo - uchungechunge

UHillis LD, uSmith PK, noAnderson JL, et al. Umhlahlandlela we-ACCF / AHA ka-2011 we-coronary artery bypass graft surgery: umbiko we-American College of Cardiology Foundation / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Ukujikeleza. 2011; 124 (23): e652-e735. I-PMID: 22064599 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22064599/.

UMick S, uKeshavamurthy S, uMihaljevic T, uBonatti J. Robotic kanye nezinye izindlela zomthambo we-coronary bypass ngokuxhunyelelwa. Ku: Sellke FW, del Nido PJ, Swanson SJ, ama-eds. Ukuhlinzwa kweSabiston neSpencer kwesifuba. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 90.

U-Omer S, uCornwell LD, u-Bakaeen FG. Isifo senhliziyo esitholakele: ukunganeli kwenhliziyo. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ISabiston Incwadi Yokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 59.

URodriguez ML, uRuel M. Umthambo we-coronary omncane owonakalisayo omncane owedlula ngokuxhunyelelwa. Ku: Sellke FW, Ruel M, ama-eds. I-Atlas Yezindlela Zokuhlinza Zenhliziyo. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 5.