I-Osteopenia - izinsana ezingaphambi kwesikhathi

I-Osteopenia inciphisa inani le-calcium ne-phosphorus emathanjeni. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi amathambo abe buthakathaka futhi aqhekeke. Kwandisa ingozi yamathambo aphukile.

Ezinyangeni ezi-3 zokugcina zokukhulelwa, inani elikhulu le-calcium ne-phosphorus lidluliselwa lisuka kumama liye enganeni. Lokhu kusiza ingane ukuba ikhule.

Usana oluzalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi lungase lungatholi inani elifanele le-calcium ne-phosphorus elidingekayo ukwakha amathambo aqinile. Ngenkathi usesibelethweni, umsebenzi wombungu uyanda phakathi nezinyanga ezi-3 zokugcina zokukhulelwa. Lo msebenzi kucatshangwa ukuthi ubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amathambo. Iningi lezinsana ezingakafiki ngaphambi kwesikhathi zinomsebenzi olinganiselwe womzimba. Lokhu kungaba nomthelela nasemathanjeni abuthakathaka.

Izingane ezingakazalwa kakhulu zilahlekelwa yi-phosphorus kakhulu emchameni wazo kunezingane ezizalwa isikhathi esigcwele.

Ukuntuleka kukavithamini D kungaholela nase-osteopenia ezinganeni. U-Vitamin D usiza umzimba ukuthi umunce i-calcium emathunjini nasezinsweni. Uma izingane zingatholi noma zenze uvithamini D owanele, i-calcium ne-phosphorus ngeke kumunceke kahle. Inkinga yesibindi ebizwa nge-cholestasis nayo ingadala izinkinga ngamazinga kavithamini D.

Amaphilisi wamanzi (i-diuretics) noma ama-steroids nawo angadala amazinga aphansi e-calcium.

Iningi lezingane ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi samasonto angama-30 zinezinga elithile le-osteopenia, kepha ngeke zibe nezimpawu zomzimba.

Izinsana ezine-osteopenia enamandla kungenzeka ziye zehla ukunyakaza noma ukuvuvukala kwengalo noma umlenze ngenxa yokuqhekeka okungaziwa.

I-osteopenia inzima kakhulu ukuxilonga ezinganeni ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunabantu abadala. Izivivinyo ezivame kakhulu ukusetshenziselwa ukuxilonga nokuqapha i-osteopenia ye-prematurity zifaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola amazinga e-calcium, i-phosphorus, ne-protein ebizwa nge-alkaline phosphatase
• I-Ultrasound
• Ama-X-ray

Imithi ebonakala ithuthukisa amandla amathambo ezinganeni ihlanganisa:

• Izithako ze-calcium ne-phosphorus, ezingezwe obisini lwebele noma kuketshezi lwe-IV
• Amafomula akhethekile ngaphambi kwesikhathi (lapho ubisi lwebele lungatholakali)
• Ukwengeza i-Vitamin D ezinganeni ezinezinkinga zesibindi

Ukwephuka kuvame ukuziphulukisa kahle ngokwabo ngokuphatha kahle nangokwanda kokudla kokudla kwe-calcium, i-phosphorus, ne-vithamini D. Kungaba nengozi eyengeziwe yokwaphuka unyaka wonke wokuphila wezinsana ezingakafiki ngaphambi kwalesi simo.

Ucwaningo luye lwasikisela ukuthi isisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi kakhulu siyisici esibalulekile engcupheni ye-osteoporosis kamuva empilweni yabantu abadala. Akukaziwa ukuthi imizamo enolaka yokwelapha noma yokuvimbela i-osteopenia yokungakhuli ngaphambi kwesikhathi esibhedlela ngemuva kokuzalwa inganciphisa le ngozi.

Ama-rickets angakhulelwa; Amathambo a-Brittle - izinsana ezingaphambi kwesikhathi; Amathambo abuthakathaka - izinsana ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi; I-osteopenia yokungakhuli kuqala

I-Abrams SA, iTiosano D. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-calcium, i-phosphorus, ne-magnesium metabolism in the neonate. Ku: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, ama-eds. UFanaroff kanye neMithi kaMartin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 87.

I-Koves IH, i-Ness KD, i-Nip A SY, i-Salehi P. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-calcium ne-phosphorus metabolism. Ku: Gleason CA, Juul SE, ama-eds. Izifo zika-Avery Zomntwana osanda kuzalwa. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 95.