I-colonoscopy ebonakalayo

I-Virtual colonoscopy (VC) ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging noma kwe-x-ray okubheka umdlavuza, ama-polyps, noma esinye isifo emathunjini amakhulu (ikholoni). Igama lezokwelapha lalesi sivivinyo yi-CT colonography.

I-VC yehlukile kwi-colonoscopy ejwayelekile. I-colonoscopy ejwayelekile isebenzisa ithuluzi elide, elikhanyisiwe elibizwa nge-colonoscope elifakwa ku-rectum kanye namathumbu amakhulu.

I-VC yenziwa emnyangweni we-radiology wesibhedlela noma isikhungo sezokwelapha. Azikho izinto zokudambisa ezidingekayo futhi akukho colonoscope esetshenziswayo.

Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa kanjena:

• Ulala ngohlangothi lwakho lwesobunxele etafuleni elincane elixhunywe kumshini we-MRI noma we-CT.
• Amadolo akho aqondiswe esifubeni sakho.
• Ishubhu elincane, eliguquguqukayo lifakwa ku-rectum. Umoya udonswa ngeshubhu ukwenza ikholoni likhulu futhi libonakale kalula.
• Wena-ke ulale ngomhlane.
• Itafula lingena emhubheni omkhulu kumshini we-CT noma we-MRI. Ama-X-ray ekholoni yakho ayathathwa.
• Ama-X-ray nawo athathwa ngenkathi ulele esiswini sakho.
• Kufanele uhlale uthule phakathi nale nqubo, ngoba ukunyakaza kungafiphaza ama-x-ray. Ungacelwa ukuthi ubambe umoya wakho okwesikhashana ngenkathi kuthathwa i-x-ray ngayinye.

Ikhompiyutha ihlanganisa zonke izithombe zenze izithombe ezinamacala amathathu ekholoni. Udokotela angabuka izithombe kwi-video monitor.

Amathumbu akho kudingeka angabi nalutho ngokuphelele futhi ahlanzeke ekuhlolweni. Inkinga emathunjini akho amakhulu edinga ukwelashwa ingaphuthelwa uma amathumbu akho engahlanzwa.

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokunika izinyathelo zokuhlanza amathumbu akho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokulungiselela amathumbu. Izinyathelo zingafaka:

• Isebenzisa ama-enemas
• Ukungadli ukudla okuqinile izinsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa
• Ukuthatha ama-laxatives

Udinga ukuphuza iziphuzo eziningi ezicacile izinsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Izibonelo zoketshezi olucacile yilezi:

• Sula ikhofi noma itiye
• I-bouillon engenawo amafutha noma umhluzi
• IGelatin
• Iziphuzo zezemidlalo
• Iziphuzo zezithelo eziqondile
• Amanzi

Qhubeka uphuze imithi yakho ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela akutshele ngenye indlela.

Uzodinga ukubuza umhlinzeki wakho uma udinga ukuyeka ukuphuza amaphilisi okusansimbi noma iziphuzo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, ngaphandle kwalapho umhlinzeki wakho ekutshela ukuthi kulungile ukuqhubeka. I-ayoni ingenza indle yakho ibe mnyama. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ngodokotela ukuthi abuke ngaphakathi kwamathumbu akho.

Izikena ze-CT nezeMRI zizwela kakhulu ezinsimbini. Musa ukugqoka ubucwebe ngosuku lwezivivinyo zakho. Uzocelwa ukuthi ukhumule izingubo zakho zasemgwaqeni futhi ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela ngenqubo.

Ama-x-ray awanabuhlungu. Ukumpompa umoya kukholoni kungadala izinhlungu zempoqo noma zegesi.

Ngemuva kokuhlolwa:

• Ungazizwa uqunjelwe futhi unesisu esiphansi esiswini bese udlulisa igesi eningi.
• Kufanele ukwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini yakho ejwayelekile.

I-VC ingenziwa ngezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Ukulandelwa komdlavuza wekoloni noma ama-polyps
• Ubuhlungu besisu, izinguquko ekuhambeni kwamathumbu, noma ekunciphiseni isisindo
• I-anemia ngenxa yensimbi ephansi
• Igazi esitokisini noma emnyama, indle yokulinda
• Isikrini somdlavuza wekoloni noma i-rectum (kufanele senziwe njalo eminyakeni emihlanu)

Udokotela wakho angafuna ukwenza i-colonoscopy ejwayelekile esikhundleni se-VC. Isizathu ukuthi i-VC ayimvumeli udokotela ukuthi asuse amasampula wezicubu noma ama-polyps.

Ngezinye izikhathi, kwenziwa i-VC uma udokotela wakho engakwazanga ukuhambisa ithubhu eliguquguqukayo lize ligudle ikholoni ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy ejwayelekile.

Ukutholakala okujwayelekile kuyizithombe zomgudu wamathumbu onempilo.

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa engajwayelekile ingasho noma ikuphi kokulandelayo:

• Umdlavuza we-Colorectal
• Izikhwama ezingajwayelekile ezingxenyeni zamathumbu, ezibizwa nge-diverticulosis
• IColitis (amathumbu avuvukile futhi avuvukele) ngenxa yesifo sikaCrohn, isifo sezilonda emathunjini, ukutheleleka, noma ukungahambi kwegazi
• Ukopha okuphansi kwamathumbu (GI)
• Ama-polyps
• Isimila

I-colonoscopy ejwayelekile ingenziwa (ngosuku oluhlukile) ngemuva kwe-VC uma:

• Azikho izizathu zokopha noma ezinye izimpawu ezitholakele.I-VC ingaphuthelwa ezinye izinkinga ezincane kukholoni.
• Izinkinga ezidinga i-biopsy zibonwe ku-VC.

Izingozi ze-VC zifaka:

• Ukuvezwa kwemisebe evela ku-CT scan
• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, ukuqumba, noma ukucasuka okuvela emithini esetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa
• Ukugcotshwa kwamathumbu lapho kufakwa ithubhu yokupompa umoya (akunakwenzeka neze).

Umehluko phakathi kwe-colonoscopy ebonakalayo nejwayelekile ifaka:

• I-VC ingabuka ikholoni ezinhlangothini eziningi ezahlukahlukene. Lokhu akulula kangako nge-colonoscopy ejwayelekile.
• I-VC ayidingi ukuthambisa. Imvamisa ungabuyela emisebenzini yakho ejwayelekile ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlolwa. I-colonoscopy ejwayelekile isebenzisa i-sedation futhi imvamisa ukulahleka kosuku lomsebenzi.
• I-VC esebenzisa izikena ze-CT ikuvezela imisebe.
• I-colonoscopy ejwayelekile inengozi encane yokugcotshwa kwamathumbu (ukudala izinyembezi ezincane). Cishe abukho ubungozi obunjalo obuvela ku-VC.
• I-VC imvamisa ayikwazi ukuthola ama-polyps amancane kuno-10 mm. I-colonoscopy ejwayelekile ingathola ama-polyps wabo bonke osayizi.

Colonoscopy - ebonakalayo; I-CT colonography; I-computed tomographic colonography; I-Colography - ebonakalayo

• Iskena se-CT
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI

I-Itzkowitz SH, i-Potack J. Colyp polyps kanye ne-polyposis syndromes. Ku: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, ama-eds. ISleisenger neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: IPathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 126.

UKim DH, uPikkhardt PJ. I-computed tomography colonography. Ku: Gore RM, i-Levine MS, ama-eds. Incwadi Yemibhalo Ye-Radiology Yamathumbu. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 53.

Ummeli M, Johnston B, Van Schaeybroeck S, et al. Umdlavuza ocacile. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, abahleli. I-Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 74.

ILin JS, iPiper MA, iPerdue LA, et al. Ukuhlolisiswa umdlavuza obala kakhulu: umbiko wobufakazi obuyekeziwe kanye nokubuyekezwa okuhlelekile kwe-US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2016; 315 (23): 2576-2594. I-PMID: 27305422 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27305422.