I-atrial myxoma

I-atrial myxoma iyisigaxa esingenomdlavuza engxenyeni engenhla kwesobunxele noma kwesokudla senhliziyo. Imvamisa ikhula odongeni oluhlukanisa izinhlangothi ezimbili zenhliziyo. Lolu donga lubizwa ngokuthi i-atrial septum.

I-myxoma iyisifo senhliziyo esiyinhloko (senhliziyo). Lokhu kusho ukuthi isimila siqale ngaphakathi enhliziyweni. Izimila eziningi zenhliziyo ziqala kwenye indawo.

Izimila zenhliziyo eziyinhloko ezinjenge-myxomas azivamile. Cishe ama-75% ama-myxomas avela ku-atrium yesobunxele yenhliziyo. Imvamisa ziqala odongeni oluhlukanisa amakamelo amabili aphezulu enhliziyo. Kungenzeka nakwezinye izingosi zangaphakathi zenhliziyo futhi. I-atrial myxomas kwesinye isikhathi ixhunyaniswa ne-valve obstruction stenosis kanye ne-atrial fibrillation.

Ama-Myxomas ajwayelekile kakhulu kwabesifazane. Cishe i-myxomas eyodwa kweyishumi idluliselwa emindenini (ezuzwe njengefa). Lezi zicubu zibizwa ngokuthi ama-myxomas omndeni. Zivame ukwenzeka ezingxenyeni ezingaphezu kweyodwa zenhliziyo ngasikhathi, futhi zivame ukudala izimpawu zisencane.

Ama-myxomas amaningi ngeke adale izimpawu. Lokhu kuvame ukutholakala lapho kwenziwa ucwaningo lwezithombe (i-echocardiogram, i-MRI, i-CT) ngesinye isizathu.

Izimpawu zingenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kepha imvamisa zihambisana nokushintsha kwesimo somzimba.

Izimpawu ze-myxoma zingafaka:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima lapho ulele phansi noma ohlangothini olulodwa noma kolunye
• Ukuphefumula kanzima lapho ulele
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina
• Isiyezi
• Ukuquleka
• Ukuzwa kokuzwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho (ukushaya kwenhliziyo)
• Ukuphefumula ngomsebenzi
• Izimpawu ngenxa ye-embolism ye-tumor material
  

Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-myxomas ye-atrial engakwesokunxele zivame ukulingisa i-mitral stenosis (ukuncipha kwe-valve phakathi kwe-atrium yesobunxele ne-ventricle yangakwesokunxele). Ama-myxoma e-atrial angakwesokudla awavezi izimpawu aze akhule abe makhulu kakhulu (amasentimitha ama-5 ububanzi, noma amasentimitha ayi-13).

Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• Isikhumba se-Bluish, ikakhulukazi eminwe (i-Raynaud phenomenon)
• Khwehlela
• Ukugogeka kwezipikili okuhambisana nokuvuvukala kwezicubu ezithambile (ukugoba iklabhu) kweminwe
• Imfiva
• Iminwe eshintsha umbala phezu kwengcindezi noma ngamakhaza noma ukucindezeleka
• Ukungakhululeki okuvamile (i-malaise)
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene
• Ukuvuvukala kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba
• Ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphandle kokuzama

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba futhi alalele inhliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope. Imisindo yenhliziyo engajwayelekile noma ukukhonona kungezwakala. Le misindo ingashintsha uma ushintsha ukuma komzimba.

Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa kungafaka:

• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-CT scan yesifuba
• ECG
• I-Echocardiogram
• Ucwaningo lwe-Doppler
• Inhliziyo MRI
• I-angiography yenhliziyo engakwesobunxele
• I-angiography yenhliziyo engakwesokudla

Ungadinga futhi ukuhlolwa kwegazi kufaka:

• Ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC) - kungakhombisa ukushoda kwegazi nokwenyuka kwamaseli amhlophe egazi
• Izinga le-sedimentation ye-Erythrocyte (ESR) - lingakhuphuka

Kudingeka ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila, ikakhulukazi uma kubangela izimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma i-embolism.

Uma ingalashwa, i-myxoma ingaholela embolism (amangqamuzana amathumba noma iqhwa eliqhamukayo lihambe egazini). Lokhu kungaholela ekuvinjelweni kokugeleza kwegazi. Izingcezu zesimila zingadlulela ebuchosheni, esweni noma ezithweni.

Uma isimila sikhula ngaphakathi enhliziyweni, singavimba ukuhamba kwegazi, sidale izimpawu zokuvaleka.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• I-Arrhythmias
• I-edema yamaphaphu
• I-Peripheral emboli
• Ukuvalwa kwamavalvu enhliziyo

Isimila senhliziyo - i-myxoma; Isimila senhliziyo - i-myxoma

• I-myxoma engakwesobunxele ye-atrial
• I-myxoma ye-atrial efanele

I-Lenihan DJ, Yusuf SW, Shah A. Izimila ezithinta uhlelo lwezinhliziyo. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ama-eds. Isifo Senhliziyo SikaBraunwald: Incwadi Yemithi Yezinhliziyo Nemithambo. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 95.

UTazelaar HD, Maleszewski JJ. Izimila zenhliziyo ne-pericardium. Ku: Fletcher CDM, ed. Ukuxilongwa kwe-Histopathology of Tumors. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 2.